Philosophy, Phenomenology, Sciences: Essays in Commemoration of Edmund Husserl

731 Pages·2010·3.532 MB·English-German-French

by  Prof. Dr. Robert Sokolowski (auth.), Filip Mattens, Hanne Jacobs, Carlo Ierna (eds.)

PHILOSOPHY,PHENOMENOLOGY,SCIENCES
ESSAYSINCOMMEMORATIONOFEDMUNDHUSSERL
PHAENOMENOLOGICA
SERIESFOUNDEDBYH.L.VANBREDAANDPUBLISHED
UNDERTHEAUSPICESOFTHEHUSSERL-ARCHIVES
200
CARLOIERNA,HANNEJACOBS,ANDFILIPMATTENS
PHILOSOPHY, PHENOMENOLOGY, SCIENCES
ESSAYSINCOMMEMORATIONOFEDMUNDHUSSERL
EditorialBoard:
Director: U. Melle (Husserl-Archief, Leuven) Members: R. Bernet (Husserl-Ar-
chief,Leuven),R.Breeur(Husserl-Archief,Leuven),S.IJsseling(Husserl-Archief,
Leuven),H.Leonardy(Centred’étudesphénoménologiques,Louvain-la-Neuve),
D. Lories (CEP/ISP/Collège Désiré Mercier, Louvain-la-Neuve), J. Taminiaux
(Centre d’études phénoménologiques, Louvain-la-Neuve), R. Visker (Catholic
UniversityofLeuven,Leuven)
AdvisoryBoard:
R.Bernasconi(ThePennsylvaniaStateUniversity),D.Carr(EmoryUniversity,
Atlanta), E.S. Casey (State University of New York at Stony Brook), R. Cobb-
Stevens(BostonCollege),J.F.Courtine(Archives-Husserl,Paris),F.Dastur(Uni-
versité de Paris XX), K. Düsing (Husserl-Archiv, Köln), J. Hart (Indiana Uni-
versity,Bloomington),K.Held(BergischeUniversitätWuppertal),K.E.Kaehler
(Husserl-Archiv,Köln),D.Lohmar(Husserl-Archiv,Köln),W.R.McKenna(Mi-
amiUniversity,Oxford,USA),J.N.Mohanty(TempleUniversity,Philadelphia),
E.W.Orth(UniversitätTrier),C.Sini(UniversitàdegliStudidiMilano),R.Soko-
lowski(CatholicUniversityofAmerica,WashingtonD.C.),B.Waldenfels(Ruhr-
Universität,Bochum)
Forfurthervolumes:
http://www.springer.com/series/6409
PHILOSOPHY
PHENOMENOLOGY
SCIENCES
ESSAYSINCOMMEMORATIONOFEDMUNDHUSSERL
Editedby
CARLO IERNA
(Husserl-ArchivesLeuven)
HANNE JACOBS
(LoyolaUniversityChicago)
FILIP MATTENS
(Husserl-ArchivesLeuven)
WithaPrefaceby
ULLRICH MELLE
(Director,Husserl-ArchivesLeuven)
123
Editors
CarloIerna HanneJacobs
KatholiekeUniversiteitLeuven LoyolaUniversityChicago
Husserl-ArchivesLeuven PhilosophyDepartment
KardinaalMercierplein2 1032WestSheridanRoad
B-3000Leuven Chicago,IL60660
Belgium USA
[email protected] [email protected]
FilipMattens
KatholiekeUniversiteitLeuven
Husserl-ArchivesLeuven
KardinaalMercierplein2
B-3000Leuven
Belgium
fi[email protected]
ISSN0079-1350
ISBN978-94-007-0070-3 e-ISBN978-94-007-0071-0
DOI10.1007/978-94-007-0071-0
SpringerDordrechtHeidelbergLondonNewYork
LibraryofCongressControlNumber: 2010937637
c SpringerScience+BusinessMediaB.V.2010
(cid:44)
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Contents
Preface
U.Melle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
I The Nature and Method of Phenomenology 1
1 HusserlonFirstPhilosophy
R.Sokolowski . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2 Lesensdelaphénoménologie
M.Richir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3 TranszendentalePhänomenologie?
R.Bernet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
4 Husserlandthe‘absolute’
D.Zahavi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
5 HusserlsBeweisfürdentranszendentalenIdealismus
U.Melle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
6 PhenomenologyasFirstPhilosophy: APrehistory
S.Luft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
7 DermethodologischeTranszendentalismus
derPhänomenologie
L.Tengelyi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
v
vi Philosophy,Phenomenology,Sciences
II Phenomenology and the Sciences 155
8 HusserlcontraCarnap:ladémarcationdessciences
D.Pradelle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
9 PhänomenologischeMethodenundempirischeErkenntnisse
D.Lohmar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
10 DescriptivePsychologyandNaturalSciences:
Husserl’searlyCriticismofBrentano
D.Fisette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
11 Mathesisuniversalisetgéométrie:HusserletGrassmann
V.Gérard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
IIIPhenomenology and Consciousness 301
12 Tamino’sEyes,Pamina’sGaze:
Husserl’sPhenomenologyofImage-ConsciousnessRefashioned
N.deWarren . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
13 TowardsaPhenomenologicalAccountofPersonalIdentity
H.Jacobs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
14 Husserl’s Subjectivism: The “thoroughly peculiar ‘forms’” of
ConsciousnessandthePhilosophyofMind
S.Crowell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363
15 “SoYouWanttoNaturalizeConsciousness?”
“Why,whynot?” –“ButHow?”
Husserlmeetingsomeoffspring
E.Marbach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391
16 Philosophyand‘Experience’: AConflictofInterests?
F.Mattens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405
IVPhenomenology and Practical Philosophy 439
17 Self-ResponsibilityandEudaimonia
J.Drummond . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441
Contents vii
18 Möglichkeiten und Grenzen einer phänomenologischen Theo-
riedesHandelns:ÜberlegungenzuDavidsonundHusserl
K.Mertens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461
19 HusserlunddasFaktumderpraktischenVernunft:
AnstoßundHerausforderungeinerphänomenologischenEthik
derPerson
S.Loidolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 483
20 ErdeundLeib:
OrtderÖkologienachHusserl
H.R.Sepp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505
V Reality and Ideality 523
21 TheUniversalas“WhatisinCommon”:
Comments on the Proton-Pseudos in Husserl’s Doctrine of the
IntuitionofEssence
R.Sowa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525
22 DieKulturbedeutungderIntentionalität:
ZuHusserlsWirklichkeitsbegriff
E.W.Orth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 559
23 La partition du réel : Remarques sur l’eidos, la phantasia, l’ef-
fondrementdumondeetl’êtreabsoludelaconscience
C.Majolino . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 573
24 Husserl’sMereologicalArgumentforIntentionalConstitution
A.SerranodeHaro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 661
25 Phenomenologyinadifferentvoice:
HusserlandNishidainthe1930s
T.Sakakibara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 679
26 ThinkingaboutNon-Existence
L.Alweiss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 695
27 GottinEdmundHusserlsPhänomenologie
K.Held . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 723
Preface
Thepresentvolumecontainsmanyofthepaperspresentedatafour-day
conferenceheldbytheHusserl-ArchivesinLeuveninApril2009tocom-
memoratetheonehundredandfiftiethanniversaryofEdmundHusserl’s
birth.Theconferencewasorganizedtofacilitatethecriticalevaluationof
Husserl’s philosophical project from various perspectives and in light of
thecurrentphilosophicalandscientificclimate.
Still today, the characteristic tension between Husserl’s concrete and
detailed descriptions of consciousness, on the one hand, and his radical
philosophical claim to ultimate truth and certainty in thinking, feeling,
and acting, on the other, calls for a sustained reflection on the relation
between a Husserlian phenomenological philosophy and philosophy in
general.Whatcanphenomenologicalreflectioncontributetotheongoing
discussion of certain perennial philosophical questions and which philo-
sophicalproblemsareraisedbyaphenomenologicalphilosophyitself?
In addition to addressing the question of the relation between phe-
nomenology and philosophy in general, phenomenology today cannot
avoid addressing the nature of its relation to the methods and results of
the natural and human sciences. In fact, for Husserl, phenomenology is
not just one among many philosophical methods and entirely unrelated
tothesciences.Rather,accordingtoHusserl,phenomenologyshouldbe
a “first philosophy” and should aim to become the standard for all true
science. Today more than ever, the eidetic and transcendental character
of Husserlian phenomenology appears to be at odds with physicalistic
or biologistic naturalism and reductionism, on the one hand, and social-
constructivistculturalismandhistoricism,ontheother.
C.Iernaetal.(eds.),Philosophy,Phenomenology,Sciences,Phaenomenologica200,pp.ix-xi.
DOI10.1007/978-94-007-0071-0,©SpringerScience+BusinessMediaB.V.2010
x Philosophy,Phenomenology,Sciences
Husserl’spositionallowshimtoadmitanaffinitybetweenphenome-
nology and the sciences while maintaining their fundamental difference.
He opposes the sciences’ claim to epistemological priority and compre-
hensiveness since, according to him, the sciences simply do not deliver
a rigorous and universal science. For Husserl, philosophy can only be
a rigorous science as phenomenology. Furthermore, it is only when it
becomes transcendental that philosophy can become a universal and ab-
solutescienceintowhichallspecialsciencesarefittedasbranches.Indeed,
forHusserl,transcendental(inter)subjectivityistheall-encompassingfield
ofbeingandthetranscendentaleideticphenomenologyinvestigatingthis
field is the science on which all other sciences must be founded. Thus,
the philosophical claim that Husserl advances for transcendental pheno-
menologyisintimatelytiedtothediscoveryandacknowledgmentoftran-
scendentalconsciousnessasaconcretefieldofbeingandscientificinvesti-
gation.Assuch,transcendentalphenomenologyisconceivedbyHusserl
as an absolute science that at one and the same time overarches and is
differentfromthespecialsciences.
Nevertheless, time and again, attempts have been made to bring phe-
nomenologyintoafruitfulexchangewiththesciences.Forinstance,due
to a rising interest in what are traditionally themes of phenomenologi-
cal investigation (for example, consciousness, subjectivity, and intention-
ality), many attempts have been made to propose new phenomenolo-
gies that would harmonize with the endeavors of the cognitive sciences.
In fact, Husserl himself had already delineated the possibility of a non-
philosophical phenomenological discipline, namely a phenomenological
psychologythatwouldbeoneofthespecialsciences.However,theradical
distinction between phenomenological psychology as a positive science
andphenomenologicalphilosophyasatranscendentalsciencewasofthe
utmostimportanceforHusserl.
For Husserl, the absolutely essential core of any phenomenological
philosophy is the acknowledgment of transcendental-egological subjec-
tivism.However,stilltoday,transcendentalsubjectivityisasourceofcon-
tention among phenomenologists. Husserlian phenomenology therefore
notonlyfacesthegrowingexplanatorypowerofthesciences,butisalso