Phenomena-Of-Nature-By-Dr-Syed-Abdul-Wadud

326 Pages·2009·10.67 MB·English

We will show them Our Si8ns in the
H
universe and within themselves, until
it becomes manifest unto them that
this (The Qyran) is the truth.
(Al-Quran, 41 : 53)
,'"
&~1-I:,r ..t..'l'-.n:. r~,:_":"'''~;~I''4:'» -'
THE DIVINE PLAN HAS RAISED YOU UP FROM THE EARTH IN
HE FORM OF A (GENEALOGICAL) TREE: (AL-QURAN 71 : 17)
CETACEA
THE MO.T SPECIALISED
AQUATIC MAMMALS
WHALes • PORPOISES
INANTIA
D·CHEWING
DIVISION
OF UNGULATA~
PINNIPEDIA
•W eAALRLU. SAEN.SD WHIC ..'~i. J"" 'lI'tT'"'~ ~"1C0J'-:"', "...
HAVe SPf.CIAL1SED -HOOFED ANIMALS WITH
T.ETH AND LIMBS
CONveRTED INTO MODII"I£D LIMB.BONf.••
FLIPPERS. TYPICALLY ONLV ONE OR
RODENTIA
RATS, MICE, SQUIRRELS
WITH GNAWING T ••T ....
LAGOMORPHA
RABalTS, HARES.
WITH GNAWING TEETH.
TREE·SHREW
INSECTIVORA MARSUPIALIA
PRIMITIV. MAMMALS HAVING POUCH BEARERS
CHARACTERISTICS MUCH LIKE (LIKE KANG AROO. WOMBAT)
THOU 0 .. FO$$'L MA....AL.
(SH••W., MOL... H.DGEHOG.) MONOTREMATA
EGG LAVING MAMMALS
IPLATYPUS. ECHIDNA)
A BRANCH OF
GENEALOGICAL TREE
REPRESENTING .lAWLESS FISH
SU.-PHYLUM VERT••RATA
~~:~I~~r."'I~:.':"';'I""
.. 1Or.1tltlJV!~!...'
Tree-like PQltn'n 0/ evolution
PHENOMENA OF NATURE

AND THE QURAN

BY

SAYED ABDUL WADUD.

M.C., M.B.B.S.
KHALID PUBLISHERS
50-Usman Block, New Gardon Town, Lahore -54600
All Rights Reserved by the Author
1ST EDITION --NOVEMBER, 1971
2ND EDITION -- 1994
Compoaed by MONIR AHMED

Tel: [phone]

Printed in Pakistan by
Dost Associates
At
Tari! Printers Tape Road, Lahore
STOCKIST

Dost Associates

Ai-Karim Market, Urdu Bazar Lahore.

Ilmi Kitab Ghar
Urdu /Ja:uJr, Karachi.
To

My talented teacher

Allama Ghulam Ahmad Parwez
whose brilliant and fascinating exposition

of the Holy Quran inspired me to earnestly explore

the Divine Message.
THE AUTHOR
IX
Preface -- to the First Edition

This book does not pretend to be more than what its title implies. It is not a
textbook of science but an explanation of certain Quranic verses, on the basis of
science. It could be produced in two different forms. Firstly by taking the verses
related to the phenomena of nature as they occur successively in the Quranic text and
by explaining each of them in the light of modern scientific knowledge; secondly by
taking up separate chapters en the various branches of science, describing the
scientific basis first and then stating what the Quran has said about it. I have adopted
the latter course, so that the non-scientist readers may be able to follow it with ease.
The main object, however, in writing this book is to present the Holy Quran to the
world scientists.
As far as the scientific data is concerned, I have not added anything to it. It is
the outcome of the research and observations by the eminent scientists in different
ages. However, I have projected the Quranic verses in order to bring into light the
harmony between the Quran and the scientific studies and to show that an intelligent
approach to the study of the Holy Book demands knowledge of the modern sciences.
I have not given a literal translation of the Quranic verses, since in the words
of Gibb, "the Quran is essentially untranslatable'''; but interpretations thereof are
based on reason or a deeper broad-based study of the general teachings of the Book,
which might differ in some places from their orthodox meanings. I have however the
authority of the most reliable Arabic 1exicons for what I have said.
I am indebted to Allama Ghulam Ahmad PaIWez whose explanatory lectures
on the Holy Quran, spread over years together, provided an intiative for this venture,
and whose vast and valuable literature on the Holy Quran, advice and moral support
maintained the impetus behind my humble efforts: to late Professor S.S. Ahmad, ex­
head of the Biology Departmen4 Government College, Lahore, for his affectionate
guidance in completing the figure work and for taking pains in spite of his poor
health: to late Professor Hamid Askari for hints on certain physiea1 aspects of natural
phenomena: to Dr. Badrud-Din, Director, Institute of Chemistery, Punjab University,
for checking up the chapter on Chemical Evolution: to Mr. Jafar Ali Qureshi for
checking up the typed matter: to Hafiz Mohammad Yousaf and Munshi Saeed
Ahmad for calligraphy of certain Quranie verses: to the Ripon Printing Press Ltd. for
their devoted care and cooperation: to my wife for her solicitude that eased the strain
of what was added to my professional work: to my deceased parents who kindled in
me the tlame of love for the Holy Quran and the last word on the subject is -­
Absolute praise is for Allah, the Nourisher of all domains of existence. This cry comes
spontaneously from the believers who ponder over phenomena of nature.
/,' 1'" ... " .~,,,,, .... '1\ ... , .Jt I') ... JI" \..­
• ~\ ~...J a.u V + "'" ~\ ~..".c:.~...".,;\ -' '"
(10:10) •• ,. ", "" ,. ..
Lahore,1971 ABDUL WADUD
"B.R. Gibb, Modern Trends in Islam, University of Chicago Press, 1945, page 4.
Preface -- to the Second Edition
In addition to the minor changes, certain detailed discussions have been
added to the second edition of the book. .
A narration in chapter-n related to "The end of the Universe", has been
omitted. This is present in more details in my book titled "The Iteavens, the Earth
and the Quran". Chapter-m has been revised, under the new heading, "The Well­
Gaurded Roof."
In chapter-V "Chemical Evolution", the pre-biological phase of chemical
evolution has been revised. In chapter-IX "Enviornments and Nutrition" the verse
(25:53) of the holy Quran has been explained in further details, by quoting a
particular event that occured in the year 1915 AD., on the sea of Marmara.
In chapter-XI pattern of "Reproduction", after the heading "Significance
(of Sex" an explanation of the word ....:::,..... 7:,. ,.. as it occurs in the Quran
...:...-.a~,.. 30:31, .),,..#. ,,.:,J­I 85:14) has been added.
In chapter-XII "Reproduction of Multicellular animals" the viable age of fetus
has been discussed with reference to the Quranic verses 2:233,46:15, and 31:14, and
also with reference to Ahadith literature.
I am indebted to my friend Mr. Mohammad Omar Darz the Chief Executive
ot
Annoor Printing Press, for taking special pain in the n!-arrangement of the text of
the work, and for the setting and re-setting of the figure work.
Lahore, 1992 ABDULWADUD
xi
Contents
Chapter Page
Introduction 1-4
1. THE QURAN ON THE CREATION OF THE ~RSE 5-9
Stages of creation 'Amr' ..,........\ and 'Khaliq' ~ -­
'Taqdir'-t..Ml.­
Immutability of Divine IaWII--Allah's creation is
perfect.
2. A BIRD'S EYE VIEW O}li THE UNIVERSE 10-23
The Solar S)'Btem-The Sun, The Planets, Satellites,
Astroids, Comets ~\..J~ and Meteors.
Stars -- Galaxy -- Structure of the Earth -- Movements of
the Earth's Crust --How the universe came into existence
--The scale oftime.
3. THE WELL-GAURDED ROOF 24-31
Certain Quranfc terms in connection with the
celestial bodies. ,.~:. .. Guards protecting life on
the Earth. ...
.. --
Recession ~--The Balance u~ The Orbits.
4. PHYSICALt A.N,D CH\E...M ICAL ,B.A S\IS OF THE UNIVERSE 32-48
!.)-A ~l1.v.... - .1>"4 ...::,... I. ... ' •.• ..
Atoms -- Molecules -- Compounds -- Engery (with
Quranic references), Radiation --Radio -activity --Atomic
Energy -- ~':)L. the forces of nature.
5. CHEMICAL EVOLUTION ON THE EARTH 49-67
(in relation to the appearance of life).
The story of~~Compositionof Stars and Planets -­
Formation of first compounds on Earth -- Role of first
compounds in the origin of life - Early Organic
Compounds--Later Organic Compounds -- Prebiological
stage of Chemcial Evolution and origin of life -- The Holy
Quran disclosed the story of the origin of life and its
evolutionleadingtothe emergence of Man, 1400 years ago.
XlI
6. LIFE APPEARS ON THE EARTH 68-75
Basic properties of life -- Viruses -- Early Cell Types -­
Nutrition of Early Cell Types ",;:.;';'~~-- Appearance offree
oxygen on the Earth and its effects -- Summary of Earth's
early evolutionary history.
7. CELLS 76-83
Chemical Organisation -- Pigments (Quranic references) ­
-Meaning of 'Colour'.
8. BIOLOGICAL ORGANISATION 84-103
Cell Theory -- The Basic Structure of Cell --Organisms -­
Nature of Organisms: Tissues: Organs and Organ
Systems -- Cellular Activities: Metabolism: Self­
Perpetuation ;.. ~ ,Steady State Control,
Reporduction, Adaptation' -- Levels of Organisation:
Human Aspect -- Division of Labour and Efficiency of
Performance: Human Aspect -- Societies: Revelation
amongst creatures other than Man -- Honeybee Society -­
Vertebrate Societies --Human Society --Communities.
9. ENVIRONMENTS AND NUTRITION 104-123
.. , #I oM "," ",. ,.Ii '" ~_ "",,",7\\,,, ." ... l) II ".
t1J\~~'?'~-'~ ~~Ir~
Change in Earth's Evironments and their effects

on Life.

Hydrosphere: Etiects of hydrosphere on climate: Oceanic

Environments and their effects on life: Fresh Water:

Fresh surface water: Ground Water, Destruction work of

ground water: Human Aspect with Quranic references -
­
Lithosphere -- Atmosphel'e: Physical Cycle: Chemcial

Cycles, Oxygen Cycle, Carbon Cycle,Nitrogen Cycle.

10. SELF-PERPETUATION: THE STEADY STATE 124-134
Gene Function -- Gene Characteristics -- Genetic Code -­
Control Agents of Organisms -- Hormones -- Human
Aspect -- Unity of action in human society.
11. SELF-PERPETUATION: REPRODUCTION
Pattern ofReproduction
Reproduction of cells: Types of Cellular Reproduction -­
Mitotic Cell Division -- Reproduction of Organisms:
Asexual Reproduction -. Sexual Reproduction -­
Significance of Sex --. The explanation of the Quranic
word . The Holy Quran on Sexual Reproduction -­
v-b
Meiosis --Meaning of the Quranic term i ~
"