Petroleum Accumulation Zones on Continental Margins

435 Pages·2012·8.49 MB·English

by  Yu. N. Grigorenko

Petroleum Accumulation Zones
on Continental Margins
Scrivener Publishing
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Beverly, MA 01915-6106
Publishers at Scrivener
Martin Scrivener ^3Γίίη@8ΰΓίνβη6φηΜΐ8ΐιπ^χοιη)
Phillip Carmical (pcarmical@scriveneφublishing.com)
Petroleum Accumulation Zones
on Continental Margins
Yu. N. Grigorenko
VNIGRI, (All-Russian Scientific Research Geologic
Exploration Institute) St. Petersburg, Russia
G. V. Chilingar
USC, Los Andgeles, CA, USA
V. S. Sobolev
VNIGRI, St. Petersburg, Russia
T. A. Andiyeva
VNIGRI, St. Petersburg, Russia
and
L. I. Zhukova
VNIGRI, St. Petersburg, Russia
Technical editor:
M. Gorfunkel
Scrivener
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Cover design by Kris Hackerott.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:
ISBN 978-1-118-38507-4
Printed in the United States of America
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 21
Abbreviations and Symbols
AHFP Abnormal formation pressure
BCM Billion of cubic meters
BT Billion of tons
MCMD Thousand cubic meters per day
MCM, MMCM Thousand cubic meters, million cubic meters
TCM Trillion of cubic meters
MMY Million years
MT, MMT Thousand tons; million tons
Saturation pressure
Formation pressure
P ,/P Baric saturation coefficient
sat fes
813C Oil carbon isotope composition, %o
δΐ3α Gas methane carbon isotope composition, %o
iC /nC z-butane/«-butane ratio in gas
6 6
R° Vitrinite reflectance
Contents
Introduction 11
1. Methodological Support of the Zonal Forecasting 15
1.1. Zonal oil and gas potential forecast in an aquatory environment 15
1.2. Study of the proved oil- and gas-accumulation zones 21
2. Some Specifics in Structure, Evolution and Oil and
Gas Occurrences of the Continental Margins 25
2.1. The doctrine of continental margins 25
2.2. Continental margin structure and evolution 28
2.3. Oil and gas occurrences of the continental margins 39
3. Zonal Hydrocarbon Accumulations in the Subsurface of the Pacific
Group Continental Margins 49
3.1. Oil- and gas-accumulation zones subsurface
the island arc margins 50
3.1.1. Cook Inlet oil and gas basin 52
3.1.2. Taranaki oil and gas basin 59
3.1.3. Sarawak oil and gas basin 67
3.1.4. North Sakhalin oil and gas basin 75
3.1.5. Siamese oil and gas basin 84
3.1.6. Pearl River Mouth oil and gas basin 95
3.2. Oil- and gas-accumulation zones over the Pacific margins
of North and South America 101
3.2.1. Guayaquil-Progresso oil and gas basin 103
3.2.2. Upper-Middle Magdalena oil and gas basin 110
3.2.3. Llanos oil and gas basin 117
3.2.4. Sacramento oil and gas basin 125
3.2.5. Los Angeles oil and gas basin 134
3.2.6. Santa Maria oil and gas basin 142
3.2.7. Ventura-Santa Barbara oil and gas basin 148
3.2.8. San Joaquin oil and gas basin 156
CONTENTS 7
Zonal Hydrocarbon Accumulations in the Subsurface
of Atlantic Group Continental Margins 163
4.1. Oil- and gas-accumulation zones at the rift (preceding)
stage of continental margin evolution 164
4.1.1. Suez oil and gas basin 165
4.2. Early- and syn-oceanic continental margin evolution stage.
Oil- and gas-accumulation zones 175
4.2.1. Sverdrup oil and gas basin 177
4.2.2. Alaska North Slope oil and gas basin 184
4.2.3. Beaufort-Mackenzie oil and gas basin 195
4.2.4. West Norwegian oil and gas basin 208
4.2.5. Northern North Sea oil and gas basin 214
4.2.6. Nigeria oil and gas basin 228
4.2.7. Jeanne D'Arc oil and gas basin 236
4.2.8. Nova Scotia Basin 244
4.2.9. Campos Basin 249
4.2.10. Bombay Basin 256
4.2.11. Carnarvon Basin 263
4.3. Transitional (Mediterranean) continental margin
evolution stage. Oil- and gas-accumulation zones 270
4.3.1. Algiers-Libyan and East Mediterranean oil
and gas provinces 272
4.3.1.1. Illizi subbasin 274
4.3.1.2. Triassic Province subbasin 278
4.3.1.3. Sirt oil and gas basin 284
4.3.1.4. Some common features in the distribution
and formation of oil- and gas-accumulation
zones in the Algiers-Libyan and East
Mediterranean provinces 289
4.3.2. Oil- and gas-accumulation zones in the Cenozoic
portion of the Mexican mega-province 290
4.3.2.1. Conform flexure and fault subbasin
and Houston subbasin 292
4.3.2.2. Mississippi Delta subbasin 309
4.3.2.3. Gulf of Mexico deep water area 318
4.3.2.4. Characterization of the northern
Gulf Of Mexico Province oil- and
gas-accumulation zones 323
CONTENTS
5. General Patterns in Formation and Distribution of Oil- and
Gas-Accumulation Zones in Subsurface the Continental Margins 327
5.1. Parameters and general characteristics of oil- and
gas-accumulation zones 327
5.2. Specifics of the spatial distribution 342
5.3. Hydrocarbon concentration zone phase specialization 347
5.4. Most important factors in the formation and distribution
of oil and gas accumulation zones 356
6. Zonal Oil and Gas Potential Forecast for the Russia's
Offshore Areas. Initial Results 383
6.1. Offshore extension of the Timan-Pechora Province 383
6.2. Kara Sea 398
6.3. NE Sakhalin Shelf (North Sakhalin oil and gas basin) 409
Conclusions 415
Literature 417
Dedicated To
Dr. Henry Chuang, and Dr. Chengyu Fu
Chairman of Willie International for his important contributions
Holdings Limited (Hong Kong, China) to the World Petroleum Industry
for his commitment to the education and World Economy
and advancement
of the Petroleum Industry
Petroleum Accumulation Zones on Continental Margins
by Yu. N. Grigorenko, G. V. Chilingar, V. S. Sobolev,
T. A. Andiyeva and L. I. Zhukova
Copyright © 2012 Scrivener Publishing LLC.
INTRODUCTION
At high degree of scrutiny of the basic oil- and gas-bearing provinces of Rus-
sia, of particular importance is the development of the continental shelf where
more than a third of undeveloped hydrocarbon resources are located.
Any further development of subaquatic oil and gas resources is impossible
without the involvement of the new scientific techniques.
Initial discoveries and evaluation of the oil- and gas-accumulation zones in
the World Ocean have already begun. Highly important at this stage are the de-
velopment of scientific grounds for the zonal forecast in the offshore areas and the
creation of a representative databank.
That is exactly what this book is all about. Its main subject, an oil- and gas-
accumulation zones, requires some introductory notes.
The appearance of a spatially variable zonal HC-sphere structure in the course
of the depositional basin evolution is unavoidable as the formation of hydrocar-
bons. Gubkin (1953) presented two major elements within the oil and gas basins,
oil-collecting areas and oil-gas-accumulation zones. As the major petrogeological
element, oil-gas-accumulation zones were discussed by I. O. Brod and Eremenko
(1953), Khain (1954), Bakirov (1959), Uspenskaya (1972), Zolotov, Lebedev and
Samsonov (1987), Perrodon (1991), Nesterov (1992) and many others. This con-
cept took root, in particular, in the form of play analysis as a means for a detailed
evaluation of the oil and gas potential on land and offshore. We consider the zonal
oil and gas accumulation as an imminent property of oil and gas basins and the
best example of the self-organization in these systems.
Zones are an element of the non-uniform spatial macro-structure, which have
arisen from a carboniferous matter that was previously uniformly distributed
in the source rocks before catagenesis, emigration and hydrocarbon accumulation
within traps. It makes it logical to define and identify the zones through the
result of these processes as intrinsic natural groupings of the genetically and
spatially associated fields. The zones are bounded by the areas where the fields
are not present or are located at a significant distance away. Such a conceptual
under-standing and identification of the zones is the only way that provides for
applying the parameters and patterns of the formation and distribution of such
objects in petroleum geology.