Table Of ContentPerspectives on Public Space
in Rome, from Antiquity to the
Present Day
Edited by
Gregory Smith and Jan Gadeyne
PERSPECTIVES ON PUBLIC SPACE IN ROME,
FROM ANTIQUITY TO THE PRESENT DAY
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Perspectives on Public Space in
Rome, from Antiquity to
the Present Day
Edited by
GREGORY SMITH
Cornell University College of Architecture, Art and Planning,
Rome Program, Italy
JAN GADEYNE
Cornell University College of Architecture, Art and Planning,
Rome Program, Italy
First published 2013 by Ashgate Publishing
Published 2016 by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
Copyright © Gregory Smith, Jan Gadeyne and the contributors 2013
Gregory Smith and Jan Gadeyne have asserted their right under the Copyright, Designs and
Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as the editors of this work.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any
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for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Perspectives on Public Space in Rome, from Antiquity to the Present Day.
1. Public spaces – Italy – Rome – History. 2. Public spaces – Rome. 3. City planning –
Italy – Rome – History. 4. Public spaces – Law and legislation – Rome. 5. Public
spaces – Law and legislation – Italy – Rome – History. I. Smith, Gregory.
II . Gadeyne, Jan.
307.1’216’0945632–dc23
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Perspectives on public space in Rome, from antiquity to the present day / edited by
Gregory Smith and Jan Gadeyne.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Public spaces – Italy – Rome – History. 2. City planning – Italy – Rome – History.
3. Land use, Urban – Italy – Rome. 4. Rome (Italy) – History. I. Smith, Gregory, 195–
II . Gadeyne, Jan.
HT 169.I84R63944 2013
307.1’2160945632–dc23
2012033539
ISBN 9781409463696 (hbk)
ISBN 9781315600215 (ebk)
Contents
List of Illustrations vii
Presentation: Crossroads in Space and Time xvii
Ali Madanipour
Introduction 1
Gregory Smith and Jan Gadeyne
PART I: ANTIQUITY
1 Omnis Caesareo cedit labor Amphitheatro, unum pro cunctis
fama loquetur opus (Mart., 1, 7–8) 15
Manuel Royo
2 Emperors, Baths, and Public Space: The Imperial Thermae
in Rome’s Late Antique Landscape 43
Dallas DeForest
PART II: MIDDLE AGES
3 Short Cuts: Observations on the Formation of the Medieval
Street System in Rome 67
Jan Gadeyne
4 Public access, action, and display in Rome of the
later anni mille 85
Lila Yawn
PART III: RENAISSANCE
5 La Loggia delle Benedizioni at St. Peter’s in the Quattrocento
and the Visualization of Power 109
Ioana Jimborean
vi Perspectives on Public Space in Rome, from Antiquity to the Present Day
6 Marcantonio Colonna and the Victory at Lepanto: The Framing
of a Public Space at Santa Maria in Aracoeli 131
Paul Anderson
7 “SPQR / CAPITOLIVM RESTITVIT”: The Renovatio of
the Campidoglio and Michelangelo’s Use of the Giant Order 157
Tamara Smithers
PART IV: BAROQUE
8 From Cattle Market to Public Promenade: Remaking the Forum
in the Seventeenth Century 187
Jasmine R. Cloud
9 Performance and Politics in the Urban Spaces of
Baroque Rome 211
Joanna Norman
PART V: MODERN
10 Public Space as Desire, Dream and History: Freud and Rome 233
Paola Di Cori
11 Political Public Space in Rome from 1870 to 2011 251
Vittorio Vidotto
PART VI: CONTEMPORARY
12 Narrating Place: Perspectives on Pier Paolo Pasolini’s Rome 277
Gregory Smith
13 The Shape of Public Space: Place, Space, and Junkspace 301
David Mayernik
14 Contemporary Debates on Public Space in Rome 331
Marco Cremaschi
Bibliography 351
Index 391
List of Illustrations
0.1 The Roman Forum: A crossroads in space and time xix
0.2 Campidoglio: Temporal connections through
spatial monumentality xxii
0.3 The revival of struggle between public and private spheres xxv
1.1 Rostra, Mundus and Umbilicus Urbis (from Ch. Hülsen,
Foro romano, Roma, 1905) 16
1.2 Flavian building activity and main monuments (© Royo drawing):
In black, Vespasian and Titus’ buildings; 1: Temple of Juppiter
Optimus Maximus; 2: Forum Romanum; 3: Templum Pacis;
4: Templum Divi Claudii; 5: Amphitheatrum Vespasiani
et Titi; 6: Titus’ Baths; 7: Meta Sudans; 8: ‘Vigna Barberini’
terrace (domitianic) and Domus Augustana Domitiana;
9: Atrium Domus Aureae; 10: Horrea; 11: ‘Domus Tiberiana’ 18
1.3 Roman Forum under Caesar (underground galleries were used
as in the Colosseum for beasts and gladiators) (from Ch. Hülsen,
Foro romano, Roma, 1905). 20
1.4 Roma resurge[n]s (© Royo drawing). 22
1.5 Capitol, Forum Romanum and Domus Tiberiana under Nero
(from Perrin, ‘Forum’) 26
1.6 The axis from Capitol to Vestibulum Domus Neronis (64–68 AD)
(from Perrin, ‘Forum’). 27
1.7 The horrea Vespasiani on the northern slope of the Palatine
(© Royo) 29
1.8 The imperial buildings all around the Amphitheatre.
1: Amphitheatrum; 2: Titus’ Baths; 3: Templum Divi Claudii;
4: Ludus Magnus; 5: Armentaria, moneta (?); 6: Curiae veteres;
7: Ludus matutinus; 8: Meta Sudans; 9: Ludus Dacicus;
10: Titus’ Arch; 11: Trajan’s Baths; 12: Remains of the
Domus Aurea Neronis (Oppius building); 13: Atrium and
Colossus Neronis; 14: Horrea; 15: Aqua Claudia;
16: ‘Vigna Barberini’ terrace (domitianic) (© Royo drawing) 30
viii Perspectives on Public Space in Rome, from Antiquity to the Present Day
1.9 The location of the Arches of Vespasian, Titus and Domitian
according to Torelli, ‘Culto’ A: Arcus Titi; B: Arcus Vespasiani;
C: Arcus Domitiani; 1: Templum Pacis; 2: Domus Tiberiana;
3: ‘Vigna Barberini’ terrace (domitianic); 4: Domus Augustana
Domitiana; 5: Meta Sudans (© Royo drawing) 34
1.10 Arch of Titus and Flavian Meta sudans (in the background)
before its destruction in the 30s (postcard around 1900). 38
1.11 Sestertius of Titus with the Meta (on the left) and the Baths ?
(on the right) (© Royo drawing) 38
1.12 The Meta sudans: back on the right, the Curiae Veteres
and Sacrarium (© Royo) 40
2.1 Bathing Block, the Baths of Diocletian (after Krencker) 50
2.2 Baths of Diocletian with the enclosure (after Krencker) 50
2.3 Baths of Caracalla with the enclosure (after Krencker) 52
2.4 Bathing block, the Baths of Caracalla (after Krencker) 53
2.5 Reconstruction and cutaway of the Baths of Caracalla
(after Iwanoff) 60
2.6 Reconstruction and cutaway of the Baths of Diocletian
(after Paulin) 61
3.1 The central and southern Field of Mars with the most important
ancient street axes surviving from Antiquity through the
Middle Ages until today (A–B, C–D, E–F, via recta, via flaminia)
and the via delle Botteghe Oscure that originated in the fifth century
(H–I) (adapted from Cimino M.G., Nota Santi M., Corso Vittorio
Emanuele II, p. 79). 71
5.1 Étienne Dupérac, The Benediction of the Pope in St Peter’s Square,
1567 (Inv. 1965:177–134 D, Staatliche Graphische Sammlung
München) 112
5.2 Maarten van Heemskerck, St. Peter’s square, 1532–34 (Inv. 31681,
Albertina, Vienna) 113
5.3 Christoph Luitpold Frommel, Reconstruction proposal for the
plan of the project of Pius II for St. Peter’s square with benediction
loggia and modified stairway (in Christoph L. Frommel, ‘Francesco
del Borgo: Architekt Pius’ II und Pauls II, I: Der Petersplatz und
weitere römische Bauten Pius’ II Piccolomini’, Römisches Jahrbuch
der Bibliotheca Hertziana, 20 (1983)) 114
List of Illustrations ix
5.4 Maarten van Heemskerck, North facade of the transept of
S.Giovanni in Laterano and Aula concilii (Drawing from
Roman Sketchbook, 1532–36, Inv. 79 D 2, fol. 12 recto ©
Kupferstichkabinett. Staatliche Museen zu Berlin) 117
5.5 Pope Boniface VIII Blessing the People at the First Jubilee from
the Loggia delle Benedizioni of the Lateran Palace (Manuscript
illumination after Giotto, Inv. F 227 inf. foglio 8 verso e 9 recto
© Veneranda Biblioteca Ambrosiana – Milano/De Agostini
Picture Library) 119
5.6 Emperor Theodosius and sons watching the chariot races, south-east
face relief of the base, obelisk of Theodosius, re-erected around
390, Constantinople (Istanbul) (Bildarchiv Foto Marburg /
Volker Rödel) 121
6.1 Flaminio Boulangier, nave ceiling, S. Maria in Aracoeli, Rome,
1572–74. (Photograph by Paul Anderson) 132
6.2 Flaminio Boulangier, frieze, S. Maria in Aracoeli, Rome, 1576.
(Photograph by Paul Anderson) 136
6.3 Arms of Pius V, nave ceiling, S. Maria in Aracoeli, Rome,
1572–75. (Photograph by Paul Anderson) 138
6.4 Allegorical Representations of the Roman Comune (SPQR)
and Allied Naval Fleets, nave ceiling, S. Maria in Aracoeli,
Rome, 1572–75. (Photograph by Paul Anderson) 139
6.5 Turkish Military Standard making Sign of Surrender, nave
ceiling, S. Maria in Aracoeli, Rome, 1572–75. (Photograph by
Paul Anderson) 139
6.6 Military Trophies and Spoglia, nave ceiling, S. Maria in
Aracoeli, Rome, 1572–75. (Photograph by Paul Anderson) 140
6.7 Fulvio Orsini, Declario inscriptionis Laquearii, inscription
above triumphal arch, S. Maria in Aracoeli, Rome, 1575.
(Photograph by Paul Anderson) 140
6.8 Virgin Mary, central register, nave ceiling, S. Maria in Aracoeli,
Rome, 1572–75. (Photograph by Paul Anderson) 142
6.9 Tiburzio Spannocchi and Paolo Tagliacozzo, Porta
San Sebastiano, Sala del Capitano, Palazzo Colonna,
Paliano, 1575–76. (Photograph: private collection) 147
6.10 Tiburzio Spannocchi and Paolo Tagliacozzo, Arch of
Constantine, Sala del Capitano, Palazzo Colonna, Paliano,
1575–76. (Photograph: private collection) 148
