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N U C L E A R • E N E R G Y • A G E N C Y
ISBN 92-64-02857-9
Data Bank
Perspectives on Nuclear Data
for the Next Decade
Workshop Proceedings
Bruyères-le-Châtel, France
26-28 September 2005
Edited by
E. Bauge
Organised under the auspices of the
Nuclear Science Committee of the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency
By the
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique, DAM Ile-de-France
© OECD 2006
NEA No. 6121
NUCLEAR ENERGY AGENCY
ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT
ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT
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member countries.
NUCLEAR ENERGY AGENCY
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scientific, technological and legal bases required for a safe, environmentally friendly and economical use of
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©OECD 2006
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FOREWORD
The workshop entitled “Perspectives on Nuclear Data for the Next Decade” (P(ND)^2) was held
in Bruyères-le-Châtel, France, on 26-28 September 2005, organised under the auspices of the Nuclear
Energy Agency (NEA) of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD),
and hosted by the Commissariat à l’énergie atomique (CEA) in its DAM Ile-de-France (DIF) research
centre. The workshop was a direct successor to the highly successful series of specialist meetings on
optical model potentials held in Paris in 1985, and in Bruyères-le-Châtel in 1996. Although the scope
of the workshop was widened beyond optical models, it was organised in the same spirit as its
predecessors, as a specialist meeting dedicated to exploring the future of nuclear data evaluation.
With a declining number of nuclear data evaluators in the world and an increasing demand for
high-quality data, there is a risk that evaluators will concentrate on producing new nuclear data to the
detriment of developing new models and methods for evaluating existing data. In this context, it is
essential to identify the basic physics issues that are going to be important for future nuclear data
evaluation processes. At the same time, demand for new types of data, which will be needed in
emerging nuclear applications, could warrant new evaluation techniques that are presently only used in
the context of fundamental research and not in nuclear data production.
The goal of the P(ND)^2 workshop was to identify current physics issues that are likely to be
employed in the nuclear data evaluation process in the next 10 to 15 years, including both theoretical
modelling and experimental aspects. More specifically, the following questions were discussed during
the workshop:
1. To what extent can pure microscopic, model-based evaluations be performed? Do they satisfy
the accuracy requirements of the applications? If not, what adjustments are possible?
2. Are complex models such as MCAS, CDCC, microscopic fission, and microscopic
pre-equilibrium ready to be used in evaluations? If not, when will that be the case?
3. How far are we from being able to supply complete uncertainty information (covariance
matrices) at every stage of the modelling process: from experimental data, structure calculation,
and nuclear reactions, via nuclear data libraries, to applications calculations?
4. Which directions are the most promising for experimental work?
a. new targets (presumably further from the stability line);
b. indirect/surrogate reactions;
c. new exclusive reaction channels (to further challenge theoretical models);
d. unprecedented neutron fluxes;
e. all of the above?
The present proceedings provide answers to the questions above and draw a roadmap of the
physics issues that need to be included in future evaluation processes.
iii
Acknowledgements
The workshop organisers wish to thank all the members of the local organising committee and the
scientific committee whose work was instrumental to the organisation and programme of the P(ND)^2
meeting. They would also like to thank the 36 speakers for their invaluable contributions to the
P(ND)^2 programme, as well as the 50 participants for their questions and contributions to the
discussions. The support of the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency, as well as the hospitality and financial
support of the CEA DAM Ile-de-France are gratefully acknowledged.
iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Foreword............................................................................................................................................ iii
Committees, host and sponsors.......................................................................................................... vii
P. Bouchet
Welcome address................................................................................................................................ ix
A.J. Koning
Current status and future of nuclear model-based data evaluation..................................................... 1
S. Goriely
Microscopic models for nuclear data evaluation and prediction........................................................ 9
G. Audi
The evaluation of atomic masses – present and future....................................................................... 17
D. Lunney
Why we need nuclear mass data and how to obtain it........................................................................ 25
F. Chappert,M.Girod
Towards a new parameterization of the Gogny force......................................................................... 35
R. Capote, E.Sh. Soukhovitskii, J.M. Quesada, S. Chiba
Isospin dependent dispersive coupled channel optical model potential for actinides........................ 43
K. Amos, S. Karataglidis, P. Fraser, D. van der Knijff, J.P. Svenne, L.Canton, G. Pisent
Solution of multi-channel problems using MCAS for spectra and scattering cross sections............. 57
M. Dupuis, S. Karataglidis, E. Bauge, J.P. Delaroche, D. Gogny
Microscopic inelastic scattering calculations with second order Born approximation.
Link with quantum pre-equilibrium models....................................................................................... 67
S.M. Grimes
Nuclear level densities........................................................................................................................ 75
C.W. Johnson, E. Terán
The nuclear density of states and the role of the residual interaction................................................. 79
T. Kawano, P. Talou, M.B. Chadwick
An effect of spin distribution in the pre-equilibrium process on cross section calculations.............. 87
Y. Watanabe
Pre-equilibrium light cluster production in nucleon-induced reactions at intermediate energies...... 95
G. Arbanas, F.S. Dietrich, A.K. Kerman
Direct-semidirect thermal neutron capture calculations..................................................................... 105
v
D. Ridikas, M.L. Giacri, M.B. Chadwick, J.C. David,
D. Doré, X. Ledoux, A. Van Lauwe, W.B. Wilson
Development of the Photonuclear Activation File (PAF): reaction cross sections,
fission fragment and delayed neutrons............................................................................................... 113
J. Blomgren
Experimental neutron above 20 MeV: What can be done? What should be done?............................ 121
J.E. Escher, F.S. Dietrich
Indirect methods for nuclear reaction data......................................................................................... 129
M. Aiche, et al.
Nuclear data for minor actinides: Am-Cm cases................................................................................ 137
R.C. Haight
Future experimental developments of possible importance to evaluators of nuclear data................. 145
A.J.M. Plompen
Gamma production cross sections for inelastic scattering and (n,2n) reactions................................. 151
M. Baba, M. Hagiwara, T. Oishi, T. Sanami
Differential cross sections of complex particle emission reactions.................................................... 157
N. Keeley
Coupled discretised continuum channels calculations for nuclear data applications......................... 165
P. Chau Huu-Tai
Systematic study of deuteron induced reactions within the CDCC framework................................. 173
R.S. Mackintosh
Nuclear applications of inverse scattering, present … and future?.................................................... 183
H. Goutte J.F. Berger
Microscopic study of the fission process............................................................................................ 191
P. Talou, S. Lemaire, T. Kawanao, M.B. Chadwick, D.G. Madland
Monte Carlo simulation of the fission fragments evaporation process.............................................. 197
R. Lazauskas, J. Carbonell
Mysteries of the lightest nuclear systems........................................................................................... 205
A. Courcelle
Random matrix theory in statistical analysis of resonances............................................................... 213
F. Gunsing
The R-matrix formalism for low-energy neutron cross sections........................................................ 221
G. Chiba
Resonance self-shielding effect in covariance processing.................................................................. 229
H. Leeb, M.T. Pigni
Basic statistics and consistent covariances for nuclear data files....................................................... 235
Y. Rugama, H. Henriksson
Nuclear data services: EXFOR, JANIS and the JEFF project............................................................ 243
vi
COMMITTEES, HOST AND SPONSORS
Local Organising Committee
E. Bauge (CEA DIF, Bruyères-le-Chatel, France)
S. Hilaire (CEA DIF, Bruyères-le-Chatel, France)
Scientific Committee
E. Bauge (CEA DIF, Bruyères-le-Chatel, France)
F.S. Dietrich (LLNL, Livermore, USA)
E. Khan (IPN, Orsay, France)
A.J. Koning (NRG, Petten, the Netherlands)
A.J.M. Plompen (IRMM, Geel, Belgium)
P. Talou (LANL, Los Alamos, USA)
Host Institute
Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique DAM Ile-de-France
Sponsors
Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique DAM Ile-de-France
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development/Nuclear Energy Agency
vii
WELCOME ADDRESS
Pierre Bouchet
Deputy Director
CEA DAM Ile-de-France
I’m pleased to welcome you on this Atomic Energy Commission Centre, named DAM Ile-de-
France.
This centre is one of the four research units of the CEA Defence Division. This explains the fence
you probably saw all around, and the badging formalities at the entry.
A fence for classified studies, but a real will and a long tradition of opening to international
community for fundamental research, attested by:
(cid:3) publications in numerous international scientific journals;
(cid:3) collaborations with national and international scientific institutes and industry;
(cid:3) and finally taking part on organising visits and meetings like this workshop I have the honour
of introducing today.
This centre has been founded in 1955 and nuclear physics has always been a topic matter for 50
years.
The evaluation of nuclear data is of crucial importance for Atomic Energy Commission in some
of its main goals:
(cid:3) to succeed in providing an even more secure and cheaper energy;
(cid:3) to build the last issue for nuclear waste question;
(cid:3) and to work on our Defence Simulation Program.
This workshop is clearly oriented toward the future. You will discuss innovative approaches,
open new perspectives, build new research programs, and probably start new collaborations.
I am confident that you will give more complete and accurate nuclear data to the international
community. I hope you will find here, in Bruyères-Le-Châtel, a favourable environment to do so.
Let me wish you a pleasant workshop and fruitful days of discussions. Thank you for your
attention.
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