Table Of Content

PERSONS,MORALWORTH,ANDEMBRYOS Philosophy and Medicine VOLUME111 FoundingCo-Editor StuartF.Spicker SeniorEditor H.TristramEngelhardt,Jr.,DepartmentofPhilosophy,RiceUniversity, andBaylorCollegeofMedicine,Houston,Texas AssociateEditor LisaM.Rasmussen,DepartmentofPhilosophy,UniversityofNorthCarolina atCharlotte,NorthCarolina CATHOLICSTUDIESINBIOETHICS SeriesFoundingCo-Editors JohnCollinsHarvey,GeorgetownUniversity,Washington,D.C.,U.S.A. FrancescAbel,InstitutBorjadeBioetica,CenterBorja,Barcelona,Spain SeriesEditor ChristopherTollefsen,UniversityofSouthCarolina,Columbia,SC,U.S.A. EditorialAdvisoryBoard JosephBoyle,St.Michael’sCollege,Toronto,Canada ThomasCavanaugh,UniversityofSanFrancisco,SanFrancisco,CA,U.S.A. MarkCherry,St.Edward’sUniversity,Austin,TX,U.S.A. AnaSmithIltis,WakeForestUniversity,Winston-Salem,NC,U.S.A. PERSONS, MORAL WORTH, AND EMBRYOS A Critical Analysis of Pro-Choice Arguments Editedby STEPHENNAPIER NationalCatholicBioethicsCenter,Philadelphia,PA,USA 123 Editor StephenNapier NationalCatholicBioethicsCenter 6399DrexelRd 19151Philadelphia PA,USA [email protected] ISSN0376-7418 ISBN978-94-007-1601-8 e-ISBN978-94-007-1602-5 DOI10.1007/978-94-007-1602-5 SpringerDordrechtHeidelbergLondonNewYork LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2011930731 ©SpringerScience+BusinessMediaB.V.2011 Nopartofthisworkmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmittedinanyformorby anymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,microfilming,recordingorotherwise,withoutwritten permissionfromthePublisher,withtheexceptionofanymaterialsuppliedspecificallyforthepurpose ofbeingenteredandexecutedonacomputersystem,forexclusiveusebythepurchaserofthework. Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com) Acknowledgments Iwouldliketothankthefollowingpersonsforhelpingwiththisprojecteitherasa reviewerorthroughconstructiveandhelpfulguidance:MikeAustin,JosephShaw, Barry Smith, David Manley, Chris Kaposy, Father Martin Rhonheimer, Phillip Montague, Tal Brewer, Hud Hudson, James Cutsinger, Lori Gruen, Father Alfred Cioffi,RosalindHursthouse,andPatrickYeung.Manyofthesepeopledonotshare the views expressed herein, and their help exudes the kind of charitable and intel- lectuallyjustdiscoursethisvolumeaimstorealize.Iwouldlikeespeciallytothank ChristopherTollefsenwhoseguidanceonthisprojectwasindispensable. v ThisisBlankPageIntegra vi Contents 1 Introduction:WhatArePersons?WhatIsValuable? . . . . . . . . 1 StephenNapier PartI PhilosophicalConsiderations 2 IWasOnceaFetus:ThatIsWhyAbortionIsWrong . . . . . . . . 19 AlexanderR.Pruss 3 BrainLifeandtheArgumentfromPotential:Affirming theOntologicalStatusofHumanEmbryosandFetuses . . . . . . . 43 JasonT.EberlandBrandonP.Brown 4 TheHumanBeing,aPersonofSubstance:AResponse toDeanStretton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 FrancisJ.Beckwith 5 TheConceptofPersoninBioethics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 AnselmWinfriedMüller 6 AbortionandVirtueEthics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 MathewLu 7 Embryos,Four-Dimensionalism,andMoralStatus . . . . . . . . . 125 DavidB.Hershenov 8 TheChristianHypothesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 DavidW.Fagerberg 9 FetalInterests,FetalPersons,andHumanGoods . . . . . . . . . . 163 ChristopherTollefsen PartII ScientificConsiderations 10 FetalPainsandFetalBrains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 A.A.Howsepian 11 ABiologicalDefinitionoftheHumanEmbryo . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 MaureenL.Condic vii viii Contents PartIII PerspectivesfromLawandPoliticalPhilosophy 12 PublicReasonandAbortionRevisited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 DavidThunder 13 Abortion,SexualMarketsandtheLaw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255 HelenM.Alvaré Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 Contributors HelenM.Alvaré GeorgeMasonUniversitySchoolofLaw,Arlington,VA,USA, [email protected] FrancisJ.Beckwith DepartmentofPhilosophy,BaylorUniversity,Waco,TX, USA,[email protected] BrandonP.Brown IndianaUniversitySchoolofMedicine,Indianapolis,IN, USA,[email protected] MaureenL.Condic DepartmentofNeurobiologyandAnatomy,Universityof UtahSchoolofMedicine,SaltLakeCity,UT,USA,[email protected] JasonT.Eberl IndianaUniversity-PurdueUniversityIndianapolis,Indianapolis, IN,USA,[email protected] DavidW.Fagerberg DepartmentofTheology,UniversityofNotreDame,Notre Dame,IN,USA,[email protected] DavidB.Hershenov DepartmentofPhilosophy,UniversityofBuffalo,Buffalo, NY,USA,[email protected] A.A.Howsepian FresnoMedicalEducationProgram,DepartmentofPsychiatry, UniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,Fresno,CA,USA, [email protected] MathewLu DepartmentofPhilosophy,UniversityofSt.Thomas,St.Paul,MN, USA,[email protected] AnselmWinfriedMüller DepartmentofPhilosophy,UniversityofTrier,Trier, Germany,[email protected] StephenNapier NationalCatholicBioethicsCenter,Philadelphia,PA,USA, [email protected] AlexanderR.Pruss DepartmentofPhilosophy,BaylorUniversity,Waco,TX, USA,[email protected] ix

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“Bioethicists have achieved consensus on two ideas pertaining to beginning of life issues: (1) persons are those beings capable of higher-order cognition, or self-consciousness, and (2) it is impermissible to kill only persons. As a consequence, a consensus is reached regarding the permissibility

Persons, Moral Worth, and Embryos: A Critical Analysis of Pro-Choice Arguments PDF

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