Table Of ContentPeplau's Model
in Action
NURSING MODELS IN ACTION
The Roper-Logan-Tierney Model in Action
C. NEWTON
Peplau's Model in Action
H. SIMPSON
Orem's Model in Action
S. CAVANAGH
Further Models in preparation
Riehl's Model in Action
Neumann's Model in Action
NURSING MODELS IN ACTION
Peplau's Model
in Action
HOWARD SIMPSON
BA, M.Ed., Dip. Ed., SRN, RMN, RNT
District Psychiatric Education Centre,
Mapperley Hospital,
Nottingham
Series Editor
BOB PRICE
BA, M.Sc., SRN, Cert. Ed. (Education)
Army Medical Services School of Nursing,
Woolwich
M
MACMILLAN
© Howard Simpson 1991
All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission
of this publication may be made without written permission.
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Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to
this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution
and civil claims for damages.
First edition 1991
Published by
MACMILLAN EDUCATION LTD
Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 2XS
and London
Companies and representatives
throughout the world
Designed by Claire Brodmann
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Simpson, Howard
Peplau's model in action.
I. Medicine. Nursing
I. Title II. Series
610.73
ISBN 978-0-333-52323-0 ISBN 978-1-349-11497-9 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-11497-9
CONTENTS
A note about language
Vlll
Preface
IX
Acknowledgements Xl
PART I PEPLAU'S MODEL TODAY
1 The nature of Peplau's developmental model 1
The origin of Peplau's model 2
Health and ill health 3
The nature of man 4
Summary 8
2 Phases in interpersonal relationships 10
The nurse-patient relationship 10
Phases of the nurse-patient relationship 10
The importance of effective communication 14
Summary 18
3 Nursing roles 19
Nursing as a learning experience 20
Possible roles for the nurse 21
Summary 28
PART II APPLYING THE MODEL
4 Peplau's model in practice 31
A framework for practice 32
Caring with feeling 33
The nursing alliance 34
Summary 39
Questions for discussion 39
v
5 Care study: the young patient 41
David Johnson 41
Phases of the nurse-patient relationship 42
Evaluation of care 49
Questions for discussion 51
6 Care study: the elderly patient 52
Mr William Brown 52
Phases of the nurse-patient relationship 53
Evaluation of care 59
Questions for discussion 59
Exercises 60
7 Care study: the patient admitted as an emergency 61
Mr Thomas Richards 62
Phases of the nurse-patient relationship 63
Evaluation of care 72
Questions for discussion 73
Exercises 74
8 Care studies: two people with mental health problems 75
Miss Sylvia Sharp 75
Phases of the nurse-patient relationship 76
Evaluation of care 82
Mrs Agnes Hunt 83
Phases of the nurse-patient relationship 84
Evaluation of care 89
Questions for discussion 90
PART III CRITIQUE OF THE MODEL
9 The axiology of Peplau's model 93
Using Peplau's model 93
Potential difficulties in using Peplau's model 98
Documenting nursing practice 100
Evaluation of care 101
Summary 104
References and bibliography 106
Index 108
vi
A NOTE ABOUT LANGUAGE
Certain conventions have been observed in the writing of this book.
First, a person receiving nursing care is usually referred to as a
'patient', but in some contexts as a 'client'; the terms are often
interchangeable and their use tends to be dictated by local practice.
Secondly, although people in the book are introduced with their full
names and titles they are usually referred to thereafter by their first
name only - this reflects the trust established in effective
nurse-patient relationships; each patient is understood to have
consented to this use of his or her name. Thirdly, unless the context
requires otherwise the nurse is referred to as 'she' and the patient as
'he'. These conventions are solely for reasons of simplicity, clarity
and style.
vii
PREFACE
A major move in the last few years has been from a medical model of
care to a nursing model. As one of the Nursing Models in Action
series, Peplau's developmental nursing model uses as its main theme
the skill of interaction. Experienced nurses all say that caring for
someone involves both doing things for him and being able to relate
to the person. In writing this book Howard Simpson has identified
aspects of Peplau's model that are important concepts to understand
and use in practice.
Part I of the book looks at the model as it can be used today. This
part of the book is designed for nurses in a basic educational
programme, for those learning about different models, for nurses
who wish to return to practice, and for readers who wish to look at
the Peplau model in greater depth.
Part II of the book considers the application of Peplau's model in
practice and draws on five patient dependency studies both within
and outside hospital. This section encourages the reader to see the
potential use of Peplau in a variety of nursing situations and is
designed to help stimulate discussion through the questions and
exercises provided.
Part III of the book provides a critique of the Peplau model, aimed
at helping the reader to see where the potential and the weaknesses
of such a model lie. Readers are encouraged to look at this model in
an informed way; it is hoped that they will come to their own
decision about its use in today's nursing world.
Throughout the book, particularly in the final part, the author has
put his own interpretation on some aspects of Peplau's model. This
has been done to help the reader assess the applicability of the
original concepts, ideas and values put forward by Peplau to an
actual nursing system. In the case of this author the system is the
viii
British nursing system, but the book will be relevant to many other
parts of the world, and the reader may find principles of application
that will help in adapting Peplau's model to other nursing systems.
The sections on 'The use of counselling skills' and 'Providing a
network of support for staff' in Chapter 9 are included by the author
to help the reader to think about the implementation of Peplau's
model in different care settings; they are therefore adjuncts to the
discussion about the use of the model in hospital and community
settings, and to the original thoughts of Peplau, recorded in her
book, Interpersonal Relations in Nursing.
Bob Price
ix
