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Penetration Testing Fundamentals
A Hands-On Guide to Reliable Security Audits
Chuck Easttom
800 East 96th Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46240 USA
Penetration Testing Fundamentals
Copyright © 2018 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this book shall be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without
written permission from the publisher. No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the
information contained herein. Although every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this
book, the publisher and author assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. Nor is any liability
assumed for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein.
ISBN-13: 978-0-7897-5937-5
ISBN-10: 0-7897-5937-3
Library of Congress Control Number: 2017963673
Printed in the United States of America
1 18
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Contents at a Glance
Introduction
1 Introduction to Penetration Testing
2 Standards
3 Cryptography
4 Reconnaissance
5 Malware
6 Hacking Windows
7 Web Hacking
8 Vulnerability Scanning
9 Introduction to Linux
10 Linux Hacking
11 Introduction to Kali Linux
12 General Hacking Techniques
13 Introduction to Metasploit
14 More with Metasploit
15 Introduction to Scripting with Ruby
16 Write Your Own Metasploit Exploits with Ruby
17 General Hacking Knowledge
18 Additional Pen Testing Topics
19 A Sample Pen Test Project
Appendix A: Answers to Chapter Multiple Choice Questions
Index
Table of Contents
Introduction
Chapter 1: Introduction to Penetration Testing
What Is Penetration Testing?
Audits
Vulnerability Scans
Penetration Tests
The Hybrid Test
Terminology
Methodologies
Nature of the Test
Approaches
Ethical Issues
Everything Is Confidential
Keep in Your Lane
If You Break It, You Bought It
Legal Issues
Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA): 18 U.S. Code § 1030
Unlawful Access to Stored Communications: 18 U.S. Code § 2701
Identity Theft Enforcement and Restitution Act
Fraud and Related Activity in Connection with Access Devices: 18 U.S. Code § 1029
State Laws
International Laws
Certifications
CEH
GPEN
OSCP
Mile2
CISSP
PPT
This Book and Certifications
Careers in Penetration Testing
Security Administrators
Commercial Penetration Testing
Government/National Defense
Law Enforcement
Building Your Skillset
Summary
Test Your Skills
Chapter 2: Standards
PCI DSS
The Actual Test
NIST 800-115
Planning
Execution
Post-Execution
National Security Agency InfoSec Assessment Methodology (NSA-IAM)
PTES
CREST (UK)
A Synthesis (Putting Standards Together into a Single Unified Approach)
Pre-Engagement
The Actual Test
Reporting
Related Standards
OWASP
Other Standards
ISO 27002
NIST 800-12, Revision 1
NIST 800-14
Summary
Test Your Skills
Chapter 3: Cryptography
Cryptography Basics
History of Encryption
The Caesar Cipher
Atbash
Multi-Alphabet Substitution
Rail Fence
Modern Methods
Symmetric Encryption
Modification of Symmetric Methods
Practical Applications
Public Key (Asymmetric) Encryption
Digital Signatures
Hashing
MD5
SHA
RIPEMD
Windows Hashing
MAC and HMAC
Rainbow Tables
Pass the Hash
Password Crackers
Steganography
Historical Steganography
Methods and Tools
Cryptanalysis
Frequency Analysis
Modern Methods
Practical Application
Learning More
Summary
Test Your Skills
Chapter 4: Reconnaissance
Passive Scanning Techniques
Netcraft
BuiltWith
Archive.org
Shodan
Social Media
Google Searching
Active Scanning Techniques
Port Scanning
Enumeration
Wireshark
Maltego
Other OSINT Tools
OSINT Website
Alexa
