Pediatric Urology: Contemporary Strategies from Fetal Life to Adolescence

393 Pages·2015·24 MB·English

by  Mario Lima

Mario Lima
Gianantonio Manzoni
Editors
Pediatric Urology
Contemporary Strategies
from Fetal Life
to Adolescence
Foreword by
Göran Läckgren
123
Pediatric Urology

Mario Lima (cid:129) G ianantonio Manzoni
Editors
Pediatric Urology
Contemporary Strategies
from Fetal Life to Adolescence

Foreword by Göran Läckgren
Editors
Mario Lima Gianantonio Manzoni
Pediatric Surgery Pediatric Urology
S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda –
Bologna Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
Italy Milano
Italy
ISBN 978-88-470-5692-3 ISBN 978-88-470-5693-0 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-88-470-5693-0
Springer Milan Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London
Library of Congress Control Number: 2014951711
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Foreword
I n Europe, Pediatric Urology is a subspecialty to either urology or pediatric
surgery, and has developed quickly over the last decades. The need for a sepa-
rate specialty to handle congenital anomalies and diseases in the urogenital
tract in children is a natural consequence of the big differences in physiology,
anatomy and disease panorama presentation between children and adults.
The development of our specialty has been parallel to the progress in neona-
tology, antenatal diagnostics and radiology. New imaging techniques, molec-
ular biology, genetics, and minimal invasive surgery have contributed to
earlier diagnosis, better and safer approaches to the treatment and surgery of
congenital urogenital malformations. Pediatric Urology is basically recon-
structive urology of congenital malformations, but also deals with functional
disturbances in the urogenital tract, tumors, stones etc. Many of our patients
carry “their problems” into adulthood and need continuous and sometimes
life-long follow-up with doctors that have good knowledge of the primary
anomalies and their treatment.
The European Society for Pediatric Urology (ESPU) was founded for
these reasons as a scientifi c society in 1990. One of the most important activi-
ties has been to arrange educational courses for the young urologists/sur-
geons and also to encourage and support other institutions to arrange courses
and training in pediatric urology.
T his book is based on the state-of-the-art lectures presented at the M enarini
Symposium on Pediatric Urology in Bologna, June 2013. The Editors have
managed to assemble some of the leading international experts in pediatric
urology, and this book is based on current knowledge and the clinical experi-
ence of the authors. For ESPU it is very important that we can encourage
organizers of courses to publish and spread the current state of the art in
Pediatric Urology, and this book may serve as a reference source for pediatric
urologists as well as urologists, pediatricians and surgeons dealing with
patients with congenital abnormalities in the urogenital tract.
Göran Läckgren
v

Pref ace
P ediatric Urology is defi ned as the subspecialty of both Urology and Pediatric
Surgery concerned with clinical recognition, prevention, treatment (surgical
and non-surgical) and the rehabilitation of congenital and acquired diseases,
malformations and functional problems of the genitor-urinary system in chil-
dren and adolescents.
Over the years Pediatric Urology has unoffi cially developed, expanded,
matured and established its diverse body of knowledge and profi ciency. Some
procedures performed today are so demanding that they should only be per-
formed in centres where this sub-specialist knowledge and skill has been
accumulated and well developed.
Last year, a very successful symposium held in Bologna on “Innovative
Strategies in Pediatric Urology” represented the starting point for this new
book. The subsequent idea to be able to incorporate into a dynamic and mod-
ern way the opinions of some of the best world’s leading experts in this fi eld
has become a reality! The E uropean Society for Paediatric Urology (ESPU)
acknowledged the extraordinary opportunity to include this course as a 2013
ESPU event, and we are indeed honoured of the further privilege of a very
prestigious Foreword from its President, Prof. Goran Lackgren.
As Editors, we are extremely pleased and thankful to all the Authors for
their outstanding contribution, and we hope that all the potential readers will
thoroughly enjoy this book as we did.
Mario Lima
Gianantonio Manzoni
vii

Contents

Part I General Aspects
1 Prenatal Diagnosis or Urological Abnormalities. . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Gianluigi Pilu
2 Antenatal and Perinatal Management
of Urinary Malformations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Francesca Destro, Noemi Cantone, Michela Maffi ,
and Mario Lima
3 Urinary Tract Imaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Filomena Carfagnini and Giovanni Tani
4 Anesthesia in Pediatric Urology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Simonetta Baroncini, Monica Fae, Andrea Gentili,
and Cristina Mondardini
5 Endoscopy of the Urinary Tract. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Michela Maffi and Mario Lima
6 Laparoscopic and Retroperitoneoscopic Pediatric Urology . . . . . 63
Francesca Destro and Mario Lima
7 Robotic Surgery in Pediatric Urology:
State of the Art and Future Horizons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Craig A. Peters
Part II Kidney and Upper Urinary Tract
8 Congenital Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction:
A Pragmatic Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Craig A. Peters
9 One-Trocar-Assisted Pyeloplasty (OTAP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Noemi Cantone, Francesca Destro,
Giovanni Ruggeri, and Mario Lima
10 Ureterovesical Junction Obstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Serdar Tekgul
11 Ureteral Duplications and Ureteroceles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Marco Castagnetti and Waifro Rigamonti
ix