Peacemaking: From Practice to Theory, 2-Volume Set

926 Pages·2011·5.133 MB·English

by  Susan Allen Nan, Zachariah Cherian Mampilly, Andrea Bartoli

Peacemaking
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Peacemaking
From Practice to Theory
Volume 1
SUSAN ALLEN NAN, ZACHARIAH
CHERIAN MAMPILLY, AND
ANDREA BARTOLI, EDITORS
Foreword by Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu
Praeger Security International
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Contents
VOLUME 1
Foreword by Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu ix
Set Overview xiii
Susan Allen Nan, Andrea Bartoli, and Zachariah Cherian Mampilly
Acknowledgments xxi
About the Contributors to Volume 1 xxiii
I. Peacemaking in Practice 1
Introduction 1
Susan Allen Nan
1 Reaching Out to the Uninitiated: Engaging Youth to Combat
Hindu Extremism in India 6
Shabnam Hashmi
2 Switzerland’s Peace Promotion in Nepal: Commitment,
Discreteness, Flexibility 18
Günther Baechler
3 Women, Resistance, and Peacemaking 36
Vanessa Ortiz
4 10 Lessons from 10 Peace Processes 51
Jan Egeland
5 Multi-Track Diplomacy—Its Origins and Some of Its
Accomplishments 62
John McDonald
vi Contents
6 A Refl ective Practitioner’s 40-Year Wilderness Journey
Between Judaism and Confl ict Resolution 76
Marc Gopin
7 Noninstitutional Organizations and Confl ict Resolution: Some
Refl ections on the Experiences of the Community of Sant’Egidio 92
Mario Giro
8 NGOs and Mediation 107
Andrea Bartoli
9 The Role of the ICC in Northern Uganda 122
Adam Branch
10 Mediating Ceasefi res and Cessation of Hostilities Agreements
in the Framework of Peace Processes 135
Nat Colletta
11 Peacemaking in a Relational Paradigm 148
Harold Saunders
II. Toward an Inclusive Peacemaking 161
Introduction 161
Zachariah Cherian Mampilly
12 Gandhi and Peacemaking 165
Joseph Prabhu
13 Peacemaking, Confl ict Analysis, and Resolution:
The Legacy of Martin Luther King Jr. 179
Johnny Mack and Maneshka Eliatamby
14 Buddhism and Peacemaking 192
A. T. Ariyaratne
15 Confucianism and Peacemaking in Chinese History 211
Victoria Tin-bor Hui
16 Islam and Peacemaking 228
Sheherazade Jafari and Abdul Aziz Said
17 Jewish-Muslim Reconciliation: A Psychopolitical Strategy 244
Joseph Montville
18 Reconciliation, Christianity, and Peacemaking 257
Daniel Philpott
19 Peacemaking and African Traditions of Justice and Reconciliation 275
Tim Murithi
20 Reclaiming Ubuntu through Multicultural Education: A Foundation
for Peacemaking in the African Great Lakes Region 295
Elavie Ndura, Apollinaire Bangayimbaga, and Vincent Bandeba
21 Inviting Persephone to Dance: Arts and Movement-Based
Approaches to Peacemaking 308
Michelle LeBaron and Carrie MacLeod
Contents vii
22 Narrative Approach to Peacemaking in Somalia 328
Sara Cobb and Hussein Yusuf
23 Gender and Peacemaking: Women’s Rights in Contemporary
Peace Agreements 344
Miriam J. Anderson
VOLUME 2
About the Contributors to Volume 2 ix
III. New Directions in Peacemaking 379
Introduction 379
Andrea Bartoli
24 Building National “Infrastructures for Peace”: UN Assistance
for Internally Negotiated Solutions to Violent Confl ict 384
Chetan Kumar
25 Infrastructures for Peace 400
Paul van Tongeren
26 The Responsibility to Protect and Peacemaking 420
Abiodun Williams and Jonas Claes
27 Fact Based Approaches to Peacemaking: Global Peace Index 438
Steve Killelea
28 Academic Diplomacy: The Role of Non–Decision Makers
in Peacemaking 457
Peter Wallensteen
29 Social Media: A New Track of Multi-Track Diplomacy 477
Philip Gamaghelyan
30 Strategic Connectors: Community Strategies for Confl ict
Prevention in Times of War 492
Marshall Wallace and Mary Anderson
31 Social Entrepreneurship: Paving the Way for Peace 502
Ryszard Praszkier and Andrzej Nowak
32 Gang Intervention in the United States:
Legal and Extra-Legal Attempts at Peacemaking 511
SpearIt
33 Abraham’s Path: The Path of a Thousand Negotiations 529
Joshua Weiss
IV. Interpreting Peacemaking 545
Introduction 545
Andrea Bartoli
34 Anthropological Examples of Peacemaking: Practice and Theory 550
Douglas P. Fry
viii Contents
35 Ancient Peacemakers: Exemplars of Humanity 563
Anthony Wanis-St. John
36 Spirituality, Emergent Creativity, and Reconciliation 585
Vern Neufeld Redekop
37 A Social-Psychological Perspective on Peacemaking 601
Morton Deutsch
38 Method in Peacemaking 610
Jamie Price
39 The Hidden Dimensions of Peacemaking: A Systems Perspective 622
Louise Diamond
40 A Dynamical Systems Perspective on Peacemaking:
Moving from a System of War toward a System of Peace 637
Peter Coleman, Lan Bui-Wrzosinska, Andrzej Nowak and Robin Vallacher
41 Systemic Peacemaking in the Era of Globalization 651
Monty G. Marshall
42 Theories of Change in Peacemaking 668
Christopher Mitchell
43 The Contingency Model for Third-Party Interventions 683
Ronald Fisher
44 Challenges in Peacemaking: External Interventions 701
Louis Kriesberg
45 The South African Peace Process: An Urgency Theory Analysis 722
Dean Pruitt
46 Peacemaking through Mediation: the Swiss FDFA in
Israel-Palestine, Sudan, and Guatemala 741
Simon J. A. Mason
47 Attending to Unfi nished Business in Peacemaking: Preliminary
Findings from the Refl ecting on Peace Practice Project 761
Peter Woodrow and Diana Chigas
48 The Dialogic Subject 780
Ranabir Samaddar
Postscript 795
Zachariah Cherian Mampilly
Bibliography 801
Index 851
Foreword
In an arduous quest to find sustainable solutions to the ongoing or frozen con-
flicts, many have genuinely contributed to the peace lexicon. Conflict resolu-
tion, peacemaking, peacebuilding, indirect civil society, and democratization
have all been tried to address the real problems and conflicts on the ground.
They have been used interchangeably but have not been thoroughly cross-
examined, and so their uses have not reached their full potential. It is time
to recognize the need for integration, for a sustained dialogic effort that will
bring these different contribution to coherence.
For instance, the conflict resolution may eliminate the conflict, but the ab-
sence of conflict does not necessarily mean, or automatically bring about,
peace. Today, 16 years after the Dayton Agreement, there is no conflict in Bos-
nia and Herzegovina among the Bosniaks, Croats, and Serbs, but there is no
peace either. Similarly, as perceived in international discourse, peacebuilding
is a process that starts with the resolution of conflict, and succeeds only where
all the concerned parties are dedicated to cultivating peace. It is a process of
building on that collective desire in order to strengthen and sustain peace.
Finally, we all agree that in our time and age, peace is almost synonymous,
and most likely will be so in the future, with democracy. Strong democracies
can and do flourish with state and nonstate institutions, democracies that
are transparent enough to allow the citizens’ monitoring of their functioning,
which in and by itself constitutes the core of a functioning civil society. So, all
in all it is a process that starts with the recognition that conflict must be ad-
dressed, that peacemaking is possible, which continues with peacebuilding, is
protected by democratization and democratic institutions, and sustained by
functional civil societies.
But, the question is: what if the communities are divided along ethnic and
religious lines? Moreover, what if the different segments of the communities