Table Of ContentP E
ATTERNS OF XPOSITION
Eighteenth Edition
Robert A. Schwegler
University of Rhode Island
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Patterns of exposition / [edited by] Robert A. Schwegler.-- 18th ed.
p. cm.
Includes index.
ISBN 0-321-40921-3
1. College readers. 2. Exposition (Rhetoric) 3. English language--Rhetoric. I. Schwegler, Robert A.
PE1417.P3954 2006
808'.0427--dc22
2005038062
Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or
by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the
publisher. Printed in the United States.
Please visit us at http://www.ablongman.com
ISBN 0–321–40921–3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10—DOC—09 08 07 06
Contents
Thematic Contents / xi
Essay Pairs / xv
To the Instructor / xvii
1
Reading as a Writer / 1
The Reading Process / 2
Brent Staples, Just Walk on By / 5
Reading Strategies / 9
Reviewing / 18
2
Ways of Writing / 21
Getting Started / 21
Keep a Writing Journal / 24
Planning / 25
Drafting / 29
Revising / 32
Student Essay: Sarah Lake, Welcome to the Gym / 36
Editing and Final Revision / 39
3
Illustrating Ideas by Use of Example / 43
Why Use Examples? / 44
Choosing a Strategy / 45
Choosing Examples / 46
Student Essay: Adrian Boykin, Overcoming an Impediment:
A Rite of Passage / 49
Andy Rooney, In and of Ourselves We Trust / 55
Barry Schwartz, When It’s All Too Much / 58
Atul Gawande, Full Moon Friday the Thirteenth / 63
Mary Karr, Dysfunctional Nation / 69
Issues and Ideas: Identities
Wil Haygood, Underground Dads / 74
Alan Buczynski, Iron Bonding / 78
Susan Straight, Cartilage / 82
Writing Suggestions / 90
4
Analyzing a Subject by Classification / 93
Why Use Classifcation? / 94
Choosing a Strategy / 95
Developing Categories / 97
Student Essay: Heather Farnum, Piano Recitals / 98
Judith Stone, Personal Beast / 101
Alissa Quart, Cinema of the In-crowd / 109
Michael Ventura, Don’t Even Think About It! / 120
Images of Sound and Sight
Issues and Ideas:
Jody M. Roy, The Case of the Cowboy / 132
Brenda Peterson, Life Is a Musical / 140
Writing Suggestions / 147
5
Explaining by Means of Comparison
and Contrast / 149
Why Use Comparison? / 150
Choosing a Strategy / 151
Developing Comparisons / 154
Student Essay: Amy Bell, Perception of Truth / 155
Mark Twain, Two Ways of Seeing a River / 160
Bruce Catton, Grant and Lee: A Study of Contrasts / 164
Phillip Lopate, A Nonsmoker with a Smoker / 170
Alice Walker, Am I Blue? / 176
Issues and Ideas: Gender Differences
Nicholas Wade, Method and Madness: How Men and Women Think / 184
Catherine Seipp, Meet Today’s Dad / 189
Charles Hirshberg, My Mother, the Scientist / 194
Writing Suggestions / 202
6
Using Analogy as an Expository Device / 205
Why Use Analogy? / 206
Choosing a Strategy / 206
Developing Analogies / 208
Student Essay: Kevin Nomura, Life Isn’t Like Basketball / 209
Janisse Ray, Built by Fire / 211
Lan Samantha Chang, Like Robinson Crusoe / 216
Issues and Ideas: Humans and Animals
Tom Wolfe, O Rotten Gotham—Sliding Down into the Behavioral Sink / 226
Barbara Kingsolver, High Tide in Tucson / 235
Writing Suggestions / 248
7
Explaining Through Process Analysis / 251
Why Use Process Analysis? / 253
Choosing a Strategy / 253
Developing a Process Analysis / 256
Student Essay: Karin Gaffney, Losing Weight / 257
Joe Buhler and Ron Graham, Give Juggling a Hand! / 262
David Fontana, Working with Dreams / 267
Sridhar Pappu, Deranged Marriage / 275
Jim Harrison, Going Places / 281
Issues and Ideas: Advertising and Appearances
James B. Twitchell, We Build Excitement / 289
Jean E. Kilbourne, Beauty...And the Beast of Advertising / 299
Jessica Mitford, To Dispel Fears of Live Burial / 305
Writing Suggestions / 313
8
Analyzing Cause-and-Effect Relationships / 315
Why Use Cause-Effect Analysis? / 316
Choosing a Strategy / 317
Developing Cause-Effect Analysis / 319
Student Essay: Sarah Egri, How a Public Document Affected My Life / 320
Susan Perry and Jim Dawson, What’s Your Best Time
of Day? / 322
Cullen Murphy, Hello, Darkness / 327
Mary Roach, My Father the Geezer / 334
Issues and Ideas: Living in a Consumer Culture
William Severini Kowinski, Kids in the Mall: Growing Up Controlled / 338
Susan Linn, Branded Babies: From Cradle to Consumer / 345
Writing Suggestions / 350
9
Using Definition to Help Explain / 353
Why Use Definition? / 354
Choosing a Strategy / 355
Developing Definitions / 356
Student Essay: Lori L’Heureux, Stars / 359
John Berendt, The Hoax / 364
Dagoberto Gilb, Pride / 368
Carina Chocano, Pilgrim / 372
Issues and Ideas: Defining Values and Roles
Stephen L. Carter, The Insufficiency of Honesty / 379
Kristin von Kreisler, Courage / 387
Veronica Chambers, Mother’s Day / 394
Dan Savage, Role Reversal / 400
Writing Suggestions / 404
10
Explaining with the Help of Description / 407
Why Use Description? / 408
Choosing a Strategy / 409
Developing Description / 411
Student Essay: Carey Braun, Bright Light / 413
Gary Soto, The Jacket / 415
Donna Tartt, A Garden Party / 420
George Simpson, The War Room at Bellevue / 424
Edwidge Danticat, Carnival of the Dead / 432
Issues and Ideas: Place and Person
Barry Lopez, A Passage of Hands / 439
Maya Angelou, Champion of the World / 450
E. B. White, Once More to the Lake / 455
Writing Suggestions / 464
11
Using Narration as an Expository
Technique / 467
Why Use Narration? / 468
Choosing a Strategy / 469
Developing a Narrative / 470
Student Essay: Hrishikesh Unni, Elephants, Ivory, and an
Indelible Experience / 471
Martin Gansberg, 38 Who Saw Murder Didn’t Call
the Police / 479
Geoffrey Canada, Pain / 484
Kumiko Makihara, Making the Grade / 491
Issues and Ideas: Stories and Values
George Orwell, A Hanging / 496
Wayne Worcester, Arms and the Man / 503
Chang-rae Lee, Uncle Chul Gets Rich / 507
Writing Suggestions / 513
12
Reasoning by Use of Induction
and Deduction / 515
Why Use Induction and Deduction? / 517
Choosing a Strategy / 518
Developing Induction and Deduction / 520
Student Essay: Sheilagh Brady, Mad About MADD / 521
Nancy Friday, The Age of Beauty / 526
Issues and Ideas: Digital Realities
Maia Szalavitz, A Virtual Life / 531
J. C. Herz, Superhero Sushi / 535
Writing Suggestions / 545
13
Using Patterns for Argument / 547
Why Use Argument? / 548
Choosing a Strategy / 549
Developing Arguments / 553
Student Essay: Julie Richardson, The Fight on Fat
Controversy / 554
Issues and Ideas: Current Controversies
Christopher B. Daly, How the Lawyers Stole
Winter / 563
Mike Rose, Extol Brains as Well as Brawn of the Blue Collar
/ 568
Stephanie Mills, Could You Live with Less? / 571
Gregg Easterbrook, All This Progress Is Killing Us,
Bite by Bite / 575
Anna Quindlen, The Drug That Pretends It Isn’t / 580
David Quammen, Who Swims with the Tuna / 584
Barbara Lawrence, Four-Letter Words Can Hurt You / 592
Sarah Min, Language Lessons / 597
Writing Suggestions / 601
14
Further Readings: Combining Patterns / 603
Margaret Atwood, Pornography / 603
Leslie Marmon Silko, Yellow Woman and a Beauty of the Spirit / 610
Martin Luther King Jr., Letter from Birmingham
Jail / 619
A Guide to Terms / 635
Credits / 655
Index / 661
Thematic Contents
Men and Women
Alan Buczynski, Iron Bonding / 78
Nicholas Wade, Method and Madness: How Men and Women
Think / 184
Catherine Seipp, Meet Today’s Dad / 189
Charles Hirshberg, My Mother, the Scientist / 194
Sridhar Pappu, Deranged Marriage / 275
Barbara Lawrence, Four-Letter Words Can Hurt You / 592
Margaret Atwood, Pornography / 603
Work
Atul Gawande, Full Moon Friday the Thirteenth / 63
Alan Buczynski, Iron Bonding / 78
Mark Twain, Two Ways of Seeing a River / 160
Tom Wolfe, O Rotten Gotham—Sliding Down into the Behavioral
Sink / 226
Jessica Mitford, To Dispel Fears of Live Burial / 305
Mike Rose, Extol Brains as Well as Brawn of the Blue Collar / 568
Stephanie Mills, Could You Live with Less? / 571
Culture and Customs
Andy Rooney, In and of Ourselves We Trust / 55
Judith Stone, Personal Beast / 101
Michael Ventura, Don’t Even Think About It / 120
Brenda Peterson, Life Is a Musical / 140
Lan Samantha Chang, Like Robinson Crusoe / 216
Barbara Kingsolver, High Tide in Tucson / 235
Sridhar Pappu, Deranged Marriage / 275
Cullen Murphy, Hello, Darkness / 327
Dagoberto Gilb, Pride / 368
John Berendt, The Hoax / 364
Gary Soto, The Jacket / 415
Edwidge Danticat, Carnival of the Dead / 432
Kumiko Makihara, Making the Grade / 491
J. C. Herz, Superhero Sushi / 535
Politics and Leaders
Brenda Peterson, Life Is a Musical / 140
Bruce Catton, Grant and Lee: A Study in Contrasts / 164
George Orwell, A Hanging / 496
Martin Luther King Jr., Letter from Birmingham Jail / 619
Personality and Behavior
Brent Staples, Just Walk on By / 5
Mary Karr, Dysfunctional Nation / 69
Susan Straight, Cartilage / 82
Judith Stone, Personal Beast / 101
Brenda Peterson, Life Is a Musical / 140
Phillip Lopate, A Nonsmoker with a Smoker / 170
Alice Walker, Am I Blue? / 176
Catherine Seipp, Meet Today’s Dad / 189
Tom Wolfe, O Rotten Gotham—Sliding Down into the Behavioral
Sink / 226
Susan Perry and Jim Dawson, What’s Your Best Time of Day? / 322
Dagoberto Gilb, Pride / 368
Carina Chocano, Pilgrim / 372
Kristin von Kreisler, Courage / 387
Veronica Chambers, Mother’s Day / 394
Gary Soto, The Jacket / 415
Barry Lopez, A Passage of Hands / 439
Kumiko Makihara, Making the Grade / 491
Nature and the Environment
Mark Twain, Two Ways of Seeing a River / 160
Alice Walker, Am I Blue? / 176
Janisse Ray, Built by Fire / 211
Barbara Kingsolver, High Tide in Tucson / 235
Cullen Murphy, Hello, Darkness / 327
Stephanie Mills, Could You Live with Less? / 571
David Quammen, Who Swims with the Tuna / 584
Morals, Crime, and Punishment
Michael Ventura, Don’t Even Think About It / 120
Jody M. Roy, The Case of the Cowboy / 132
Alice Walker, Am I Blue? / 176
Stephen L. Carter, The Insufficiency of Honesty / 379
Martin Gansberg, 38 Who Saw Murder Didn’t Call
the Police / 479
Anna Quindlen, The Drug That Pretends It Isn’t / 580
Margaret Atwood, Pornography / 603
Martin Luther King Jr., Letter from Birmingham
Jail / 619
Growing Up/Getting Old
Susan Straight, Cartilage / 82
Lan Samantha Chang, Like Robinson Crusoe / 216
Mary Roach, My Father the Geezer / 333
William Severini Kowinski, Kids in the Mall:
Growing Up Controlled / 338
Gary Soto, The Jacket / 415
Donna Tartt, A Garden Party / 420
Barry Lopez, A Passage of Hands / 439
E. B. White, Once More to the Lake / 455
Nancy Friday, The Age of Beauty / 526
Differences
Brent Staples, Just Walk on By / 5
Susan Straight, Cartilage / 82
