Patterns for Time-Triggered Embedded Systems: Building Reliable Applications with the 8051 Family of Microcontrollers

1026 Pages·2001·7.08 MB·English

by  Michael J. Pont

RapidiTTy™ FPGA
RapidiTTy™ FPGA includes the full source-code for
the PH 03 Core, which is a full 32-bit processor core
based on the MIPS I™ Instruction Set Architecture
(excluding patented instructions). It includes the
following peripherals:
JTAG Debugging.
16-bit Timer.
Buffered UART.
These peripherals are connected to the processor
core through the use of a dedicated bus, which can
be used to expand the functionality of the PH Core.
RapidiTTy™ Builder
RapidiTTy™ Builder ships with library code covering
many common embedded tasks, including reading from
switches, interfacing with LCDs, receiving input from
ADCs, RS-232 communications, PWM output and many
more.
The TTE Builder™ engine enables this library code to be
combined and configured to match the needs of a spe-
cific application. For example, we may wish to acquire
an analogue signal, process it in some way and then out-
put the result. This is easily accomplished:
Select and configure the ADC library.
Select and configure the PWM library.
Write a few simple lines of code to interface them.
At this point, we have a complete application that we
have created from scratch in minutes. It is also easy to
extend as most of the required code has already been
generated by RapidiTTy™ Builder.
TTE Systems Ltd
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Leicester
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Patterns for time-triggered embedded systems
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Software Requirements and Specification: A Lexicon of Software Practice, Principles
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Software Test Automation: Effective Use of Text Execution Tools Mark Fewster and
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Mastering the Requirements Process Suzanne Robertson and James Robertson
Bringing Design to Software: Expanding Software Development to Include Design
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Patterns for time-triggered
embedded systems
Building reliable applications with
the 8051 family of microcontrollers
Michael J. Pont
The Keil compiler (demo) and associated files on the CD-ROM enclosed
with this book have been authored and developed by Keil (UK) Ltd.
© Keil (UK) Ltd 2001.
aaccmm
PRESS
Copyright © 2001-2008 TTE Systems Ltd. All rights reserved.
For further information about time-triggered systems, please visit: www.tte-systems.com
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First published in Great Britain in 2001
ISBN 0 201 33138 1
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This book is dedicated to my parents,
Barbara and Gordon Pont
Copyright © 2001-2008 TTE Systems Ltd. All rights reserved.
For further information about time-triggered systems, please visit: www.tte-systems.com
Copyright © 2001-2008 TTE Systems Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Contents
Foreword page xiv
Preface xvi
Introduction
1
1 What is a time-triggered embedded system? 3
1.1 Introduction 3
1.2 Information systems 3
1.3 Desktop systems 5
1.4 Real-time systems 6
1.5 Embedded systems 8
1.6 Event-triggered systems 10
1.7 Time-triggered systems 11
1.8 Conclusions 14
2 Designing embedded systems using patterns 15
2.1 Introduction 15
2.2 Limitations of existing software design techniques 17
2.3 Patterns 22
2.4 Patterns for time-triggered systems 24
2.5 Conclusions 25
Part A Hardware foundations
27
3 The 8051 microcontroller family 29
STANDARD 8051 30
SMALL 8051 41
EXTENDED 8051 46
4 Oscillator hardware 53
CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR 54
CERAMIC RESONATOR 64
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viii CONTENTS
5 Reset hardware 67
RC RESET 68
ROBUST RESET 77
6 Memory issues 81
ON-CHIP MEMORY 82
OFF-CHIP DATA MEMORY 94
OFF-CHIP CODE MEMORY 100
7 Driving DC loads 109
NAKED LED 110
NAKED LOAD 115
IC BUFFER 118
BJT DRIVER 124
IC DRIVER 134
MOSFET DRIVER 139
SSR DRIVER (DC) 144
8 Driving AC loads 148
EMR DRIVER 149
SSR DRIVER (AC) 156
Part B Software foundations
159
9 A rudimentary software architecture 161
SUPER LOOP 162
PROJECT HEADER 169
10 Using the ports 173
PORT I/O 174
PORT HEADER 184
11 Delays 193
HARDWARE DELAY 194
SOFTWARE DELAY 206
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