Patrons of Enlightenment

295 Pages·2006·1.94 MB·English

by  Edward Andrew

PATRONS OF ENLIGHTENMENT
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EDWARD G. ANDREW
Patrons of Enlightenment
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO PRESS
Toronto Buffalo London
www.utppublishing.com
© University of Toronto Press Incorporated 2006
Toronto Buffalo London
Printed in Canada
ISBN-13 978-0-8020-9064-5
ISBN-10 0-8020-9064-8
Printed on acid-free paper
Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication
Andrew, Edward, 1941–
Patrons of enlightenment / Edward G. Andrew.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8020-9064-8
1. Authors and patrons – Europe – History – 18th century.
2. Philosophers – Europe – History – 18th century. 3. Enlightenment.
I. Title.
B802.A53 2006 190'.9'033 C2005-906296-7
This book has been published with the help of a grant from the Canadian
Federation for the Humanities and Social Sciences, through the Aid to
Scholarly Publications Programme, using funds provided by the Social
Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada.
University of Toronto Press acknowledges the financial assistance to its pub-
lishing program of the Canada Council for the Arts and the Ontario Arts
Council.
University of Toronto Press acknowledges the financial support for its
publishing activities of the Government of Canada through the Book
Publishing Industry Development Program (BPIDP).
To the patrons of the University of Toronto and to the brave colleagues
who have resisted their demands.
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Contents
Acknowledgments ix
Introduction 3
1 Patronage of Philosophy 13
2 Enlightenment and Print Culture 35
3 Seneca in the Age of Frederick and Catherine 59
4 Patronage and the Modes of Liberal Tolerance: Bayle, Care, and
Locke 82
5 Voltaire and His Female Protectors 99
6 Scottish Universities and Their Patrons: Argyll, Bute, and
Dundas 119
7 Independence in Theory and Practice: D’Alembert and
Rousseau 135
8 Samuel Johnson and the Question of Enlightenment in
England 154
9 Irish Antagonists: Burke and Shelburne 170
Conclusion 188
Notes 195
Bibliography 247
Index 271
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Acknowledgments
I wish to thank Judith Baker, John Beattie, Ronald Beiner, Peter Burke,
Roger Chartier, Natalie Davis, Roger Emerson, André Gombay, Dena
Goodman, Ian Hacking, Catherine Lu, Iain McCalman, Randall
McGowan, James Moore, Caroline Turner, and Tetsuji Yamamoto for
helpful suggestions in conversations or communications with me in the
course of my writing this book. I owe a particular debt to Sophie
Bourgault, a research assistant extraordinaire, and Robert Sparling, who
improved both my grammar and my understanding of the German
Enlightenment in his thoughtful reading of the manuscript while
compiling the index. Donna Trembowelski Andrew was extremely
helpful throughout the research and writing. Virgil Duff of University
of Toronto Press provided friendly and efficient editorial assistance,
and Curtis Fahey provided professional and helpful copy editing. Above
all, I am grateful to my patrons, the Social Sciences and Humanities
Research Council and the Aid to Scholarly Publications Programme,
without whom this book would not have been written or published.