Table Of ContentPatrons and Adversaries:
Nobles and Villagers in
Italian Politics,
1640–1760
CAROLINE CASTIGLIONE
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
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atrons and Adversaries
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TiberRiver ViaSalaria Mentana Mt.Gennaro
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Rome
The Roman Countryside near the Stato ofMonte Libretti. Villages in the Stato are in boldface type.
In this map and in this book, I employ the early modern rather than the modern spellings ofthe villages.
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atrons and Adversaries
‒
Nobles and Villagers in Italian Politics,
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3
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Library ofCongress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Castiglione, Caroline.
Patrons and adversaries : nobles and villagers in Italian politics, –/
Caroline Castiglione.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-----;----(pbk.)
ISBN---;---(pbk.)
. Barberini family . Monte Libretti (Italy)—History.
. Nobility—Italy—Rome—History. . Feudalism—Italy—Monte Libretti—
History. . Villages—Italy—Monte Libretti—History. . Rome (Italy)—Politics
and government—–..Papacy—History—–. I. Title.
DG..BC
.''—dc
Portions ofchapters ,,, and the conclusion are reprinted, with permission, from
“Adversarial Literacy: How Peasant Politics Influenced Noble Governing ofthe Roman
Countryside during the Early Modern Period,”AHR, no. (June ):–.
Portions ofchapter and the introduction are reprinted from “Political Culture
in Seventeenth-Century Italian Villages,”Journal ofInterdisciplinary History():–,
with the permission ofthe editors ofThe Journal ofInterdisciplinary History and the MIT Press,
Cambridge, Massachussetts. © by the Massachussetts Institute ofTechnology
and The Journal ofInterdisciplinary History, Inc.
Printed in the United States ofAmerica
on acid-free paper
For Samuel
Joy amidst chaos
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This book placed me in the company of some fascinating historians and
writers, some of whom I have had the pleasure to meet, many of whom I
would liketo thank here, none of whom is responsible for the shortcomings
in this work.
fi
One of the bene ts of spending so much of one’s time on the road has to
be the contribution of audiences and commentators to the process of writing.
I would like to thank a few exceptionally insightful commentators at confer-
ences, especially John Marino and Edward Muir, who have generously contin-
ued the dialogue initiated at those meetings. Audiences at the American His-
torical Association, the American Society for Eighteenth Century Studies, the
Sixteenth Century Studies Conference, Trinity University, the Erasmus Insti-
tute, and the New York Area Faculty Seminar on Modern European History
fi fi
had a profound impact on the book. I greatly bene ted from speci c sugges-
ff ff
tions o ered at those settings by Je rey Merrick, Brad Gregory, Sarah Hanley,
Giovanna Benadusi, and John Martin. John deserves special thanks for a con-
versation that has endured for over two decades.
To the readers who endured very early versions of this project when it was
centered on the nobility as a governing class, I owe a special debt of gratitude.
Nina Safran, Ben Westervelt, David Bush, Michael Prokopow, James Hankins,
Simon Schama, Laurie Nussdorfer, Maureen Miller, Charles Maier, and Myron
Gutmann waded through that study and probably never anticipated the way in
which it would be hijacked by village sources and village issues. Early inspiration
on the history of the Roman countryside came from Renata Ago, Mirka Beneˇs,
and the late Jean Coste. On Mirka’s expertise and advice I have long relied.
At the University ofTexas the circle of readers and writers in the depart-
mental works-in-progress seminar sharpened my thinking and challenged my
standard set of assumptions about this project. Without the intellectual sup-
ffi
port and thoughtful editing of Jim Sidbury and Judy Co n this book and its
author would both be in a truly regrettable state. I appreciate the time they
took from their own work to venture into the strange territory of early mod-
ern Rome. Ken Ward and Ian Brown provided invaluable research assistance.
Susan Ferber has encouraged and inspired me in the writing of this book
ff
for several years. I thank her and the readers and sta at Oxford for giving such
ff
a great e ort to improving it. I am especially grateful to the owner of the beau-
tiful painting by Passeri who allowed me to use it for the cover illustration.
The friendship and readership of Janet Davis and Denise Spellberg ame-
liorated my life in Austin. Mike Rose, Sonja Rajkovich, and Iris Farias gave
long-distance inspiration. Sara Hurd, Carolyn Bates, and Beth Hyde remain
among the wisest women I know, and I would rather not think about where I
would be without their insights. The Castiglione-Martinez dynasties of San
Antonio and Los Angeles remain a network of support. I am grateful to my
sister Virginia Castiglione, who sorted out computer formatting problems too
complex for my limited abilities and enabled me to see why they, along with
countless other disasters, were actually funny. Adrienne Gracia tended my son
while we traveled in Italy and made the time for him and me more delightful.
My friend Courtney Bensch did two similar Italian tours for which I am grate-
ful to her. Tommaso, Luisa, and Veronica Clemente, Marcella Iafrate, Sister An-
gelaPerego, and Sister Maria Argentino help make Italy feel like home to me.
Librarians, archivists, and mayors in the Roman countryside endured
more questions about their resources than must have seemed necessary. I would
ff
like to thank the librarians and sta members of the Vatican Library for their
kind assistance, especially the late Father Leonard Boyle, Dr. Luigi Fiorani,
Elvio Buriola, Dr. Christine Grapfzinger, Dr. Massimo Ceresa, and Antonio
Schiavi. In the Roman countryside I thank especially the mayor of Monte-
libretti, Pasqualino Imperi.
Funding for this project was provided by the American Council ofLearned
Societies, the Gladys Krieble Delmas Foundation, the University of Texas at
Austin, and the University Cooperative Society Subvention Grant.
I would not have written this book without the loving camaraderie of
Robert Martinez. Born in the same working-class neighborhood separated by
, miles of Interstate , we have been marveling at the world beyond it ever
viii
since. This book is dedicated to our son, Samuel, who does his own writing in
singsong beside me, drawing new worlds on the pages of the old drafts of this
book, reminding me that I write best when looking backward and forward at
the same time.
ix
