Pathology of the Aging Human Nervous System, 2nd edition

647 Pages·2001·65.67 MB·English

by  Serge Duckett

Pathology of the Aging
Human Nervous System
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Pathology
of the
Aging Human
Nervous System
SECOND EDITION
Edited by
SERGE DUCKETT, M.D. (Univ. Paris), Ph.D. (Univ. London),
Dr. es Sciences (Univ. Paris)
Emeritus Professor of Neuropathology and Emeritus Associate Professor of Pathology
Jefferson Medical College of the Thomas Jefferson University
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Invited Professor
Laboratoire de Neuropathologie R. Escourolle
Hopital de la Salpetriere, Universite de Paris VI
Paris, France
J. C. DE LA TORRE, M.D. (Univ. Madrid), Ph.D. (Univ. Geneva)
Visiting Professor of Neuroscience
University of California San Diego
La Jolla, California, USA
OXPORD
UNIVERSITY PRESS
2001
OXFORD
UNIVERSITY PRESS
Oxford New York
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Copyright © 2001 by Oxford University Press, Inc.
Published by Oxford University Press, Inc.
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Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise,
without the prior permission of Oxford University Press.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Pathology of the aging human nervous system /
edited by Serge Duckett, J. C. de la Torre.—2nd ed.
p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-19-513069-3 (cloth)
1. Geriatric neurology. 2. Nervous system—Diseases—Age factors.
I. Duckett, Serge. II. De La Torre, J. C. (Jack C.), 1937-
[DNLM: 1. Nervous System Diseases—Aged. 2. Aging. 3. Nervous System—pathology—Aged.
WL 102 P197 2001] RC346 .P34 2001 618.97'68—dc21 00-044082
The science of medicine is a rapidly changing field. As new research and clinical experience broaden our
knowledge, changes in treatment and drug therapy do occur. The author and the publisher of this work have
checked with sources believed to be reliable in their efforts to provide information that is accurate and complete,
and in accordance with the standards accepted at the time of publication. However, in light of the possibility
of human error or changes in the practice of medicine, neither the author, nor the publisher, nor any other
party who has been involved in the preparation or publication of this work warrants that the information con-
tained herein is in every respect accurate or complete. Readers are encouraged to confirm the information
contained herein with other reliable sources, and are strongly advised to check the product information sheet
provided by the pharmaceutical company for each drug they plan to administer.
135798642
Printed in the United States of America
on acid-free paper
Henry M. Wisniewski E. P. Richardson, Jr.
This book is dedicated to the masters of our trade, past and present, who con-
tributed and are contributing to the topic of geriatric neuropathology: Alois Alz-
heimer, Franz Nissl, Walther Spielmeyer, William McMenemey, Sam Nevin,
Richard G. Berry, Robert D. Terry, Serge Brion, and so many others. In fact,
through presentations, discussions, and conversations with highly esteemed col-
leagues, all neuropathologists have contributed to our knowledge concerning this
sometimes difficult topic. Two such colleagues left us last year: E. P. Richardson,
Jr. and Henry Wisniewski. Another, Jean Lapresle, died a few days ago, Decem-
ber 9, 2000. We admired the quality of their work, and we liked them because
they were gentlemanly, available, and kind.
Their accomplishments and biographies have been voiced eloquently in the
medical press. (Terry RD. In Memoriam. Henry M. Wisniewski. (1931-1999). J
Neuropath Exp Nenrol 2000: 59 (1): 86-87) (DeGirolami U, Louis DV, Schoene
WC, Vonsattel J-P, Hedley-Whyte T. In Memoriam. Edward Peirson Richardson,
Jr. (1918-1998). / Neuropath Exp Neurol 1999: 58,506-507.)
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Acknowledgments
We thank the members of our Senior Editorial Board for their availability, com-
ments, and suggestions and for their contributions to our discipline. They are, in
alphabetical order:
Raymond Adams
Ellsworth Alvord, Jr.
Richard G. Berry
Serge Brion
John B. Cavanagh
C. J. Gibbs, Jr.
Jean Lapresle
William Mair
Reinhart Friede
Robert D. Terry
Lord Walton of Detchant
Peter O. Yates
Wolfgang Zeman
We also thank Lauren M. Enck, Senior Editor, Clinical Medicine; Susan Hannan,
Manager, Editing, Design & Production, Medicine; Laura T. Mitchell, Editorial
Assistant; and Nancy Wolitzer, Senior Production Editor, Medicine of Oxford
University Press, for their help, advice, and patience; and Shirley Sadak, for her
spirited and continual availability, We also thank Professors J. J. Hauw and C.
Duyckaert, Dr. D. Seilhan, Mrs. Claire Barnwell, Pierre and Caroline Bourgie,
and Peter Eck for their support, criticism, and advice.
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Foreword
LORD WALTON OF DETCHANT
Kt, TD, MA, MD, DSc, FRCP, FMedSci
Partly as a result of major advances in medicine in the 20th century, but also as
a consequence of improving social circumstances in many, but not all, parts of
the world, longevity in the human population is increasing steadily. Consequently,
those diseases and afflictions that are particularly prevalent in the elderly are
becoming more common and are presenting increasing problems to health care
systems across the world. With greater and more precise understanding of the
pathological, biochemical, and biological processes involved, the prospect of new
forms of treatment to assuage the most dire effects of these diseases, and even
in some cases to effect a cure, are becoming more practicable. In particular,
developments of stem cell research and techniques of nuclear replacement, only
recently approved in principle by the United Kingdom Parliament, carry out-
standing prospects for the eventual amelioration of some of the worst effects of
neurological disorders in the elderly.
The first edition of this book, edited by Serge Duckett and Jack de la Torre,
was warmly welcomed by reviewers and by neurologists and neuropathologists
around the world. I believe that this second edition, substantially modified and
brought up to date, will be equally, if not even more, welcome. The concept and
the structure of the book are admirable; the illustrations, as one would expect,
are outstanding; and the coverage of the topics listed in the table of contents is
comprehensive and complete. Normal aging, molecular biology, and functional
imaging are considered at the outset, and subsequent chapters deal in depth with
vascular diseases, basic mechanisms of neurodegeneration, the dementias, and
with many of the progressive and as yet incurable degenerative disorders of the
nervous system. The effects of malnutrition and alcoholism are reviewed, as are
malignant diseases and neurometabolic disorders, while immunology, trauma,
infection, and drug toxicity, as well as forensic neuropathology, are all handled
by a distinguished team of expert authors. And, speaking as one who spent much
of his professional lifetime in the investigation of neuromuscular disease, I was
glad to note that disorders of peripheral nerves and of skeletal muscles are fully
covered.
I am happy to recommend this outstanding volume to a wide audience of
neurologists, geriatricians, and neuropathologists; indeed, physicians in all spe-
cialties may find much of interest to them within its pages. I am confident that
this second edition of an outstanding and distinguished textbook is assured of
success.
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