Particulate Composites: Fundamentals and Applications

446 Pages·2016·14.07 MB·English

by  Randall M. German (auth.)

Randall M. German
Particulate
Composites
Fundamentals and Applications
Particulate Composites

Randall M. German
Particulate Composites
Fundamentals and Applications
RandallM.German
SanDiegoStateUniversity
SanDiego,CA,USA
ISBN978-3-319-29915-0 ISBN978-3-319-29917-4 (eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-3-319-29917-4
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2016933672
©SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2016
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Dedicated to John Lee Johnson

Preface
Engineering materials continue to encounter challenges for new property combi-
nations, and these challenges are leading to many hybrid materials known as
composites. Particulate composites are formed using powders to create property
combinations not available in traditional engineering compositions. This book
providesengineerswithinformationrelevanttomeetingthechallengesonsynthe-
sis, selection, fabrication, and design associated with applying composites to
demanding applications. Growth in the field is accelerating as we learn more
about how todeliver novel property combinations.Further, theshapingflexibility
associatedwithparticlesprovidescompellingeconomicbenefit.
Growthintheparticulatecompositesisevidentinpatents,journalpublications,
and press releases. For example, a new composite of gold and titanium nitride is
employed in the newest smart watches. The 18-karat watch has exceptional wear
resistance beyond that of traditional jewelry. The 75 wt% Au (46 vol.%) gives
elegance, while the hard, gold-colored TiN provides 400 HV hardness, tenfold
higherthanpuregold.Thisisjustoneofmanyideas.Millionsofformulationsare
possible, with tremendous flexibility in composition, microstructure, properties,
andperformance.Althoughthefieldischallengingtomaster,atthesametimethe
performance gains are most attractive. Only now are we appreciating the full
spectrumofopportunities.
Although particulate composites are everywhere, the field is poorly organized.
Predictive calculations are ignored or missing. Consequently, product development
effortsrelyontheempiricalapproachtoseewhatworks.Inthisbook,theunderlying
principlesareemphasizedwithattentiontothecriticalfactors.Importantaspectsare
detailed with regard to the relations between phases, composition, powder charac-
teristics, microstructure, fabrication, and properties. The resulting composites are
isotropic,unlikelongfibergraphiteandfiberglasscomposites.Accordingly,awide
arrayofproductsaretreatedaspartofthisbook.Theintentistointroduceparticulate
compositesinamannerrelevanttotrainingthenextgenerationofinnovators.
SanDiego,CA,USA RandallM.German
vii

Acknowledgements
Iamgratefultoseveralindividualsforsupportonthisproject.Theideaforthebook
arose in discussions with a number of individuals associated with the Center for
InnovativeSinteredProductsatPennStateUniversity.Butittookseveralyearsto
realizetheendproduct.Iamespeciallyappreciativeofthehelpfromthefollowing
experts:SundarAtre,AnimeshBose,LouisCampbell,RobertDowding,ZakFang,
Arun Gokhale, Mark Greenfield, Anthony Griffo, Ozkan Gulsoy, Anita Hancox,
JohnJohnson,JohnKeane,YoungSamKwon,ToddLeonhardt,JasonLiu,Yixiong
Liu,KathyLu,HideshiMuira,NealMyers,SeongJinPark,LeoPraksh,JoeSery,
IviSmid,JoseTorralba,AnishUpadhyaya,RidvanYamanoglu,andRudyZauner.
A draft copy of this book was used by students at SDSU who provided useful
comments,especiallyhelpfulweredetailedcommentsfromHamoodAlmoshawah,
Carolos-Jose Andallo, Sonny Birtwistle, Jonathan Briend, Vanessa Bundy, Justin
Camba,JeremiahCox,SamDelaney,MichaelDiomartich,AbhiDhanani,Natalia
Ermolaeva, Britney Finley, Ian Gardner, Rebecca Gloria, Deanna Key, Akash
Khatawate, Adam Lane, Leo Malmeryd, Falon Mannus, Robert McClellan, Cesar
Ocampo, Nicholas Schwall, Nika Sedghi, Lauren Parrett, Nathan Reed, Matthew
Revie, Marc Schumacher, Amritpal Singh, Arturo Sotomayorgayosso, Meena
Wasimi.OlegUsherenko,andWesYeagley.
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