Table Of Content

New Series Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology GROUP VIII VOLUME 2 Advanced Materials Materials and Technologies SUBVOLUME C Metal Forming Data Part 3 Non-ferrous Alloys - Heavy Metals 123 MATERIALS.SPRINGER.COM € Landolt-Bornstein: Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology - New Series Group VIII: Advanced Materials and Technologies Volume 2C € Landolt-Bornstein Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology New Series Units and Fundamental Constants in Physics and Chemistry Elementary Particles, Nuclei and Atoms (Group I) (Formerly:NuclearandParticlePhysics) Molecules and Radicals (Group II) (Formerly:AtomicandMolecularPhysics) Condensed Matter (Group III) (Formerly:SolidStatePhysics) Physical Chemistry (Group IV) (Formerly:MacroscopicPropertiesofMatter) Geophysics (Group V) Astronomy and Astrophysics (Group VI) Biophysics (Group VII) Advanced Materials and Technologies (Group VIII) Someofthegroupnameshavebeenchangedtoprovideabetterdescriptionoftheircontents. Hans Warlimont Editor Materials Subvolume C Metal Forming Data – Part 3, Non-Ferrous Alloys – Heavy Metals Marlene Spittel (cid:129) Thilo Spittel Authors Editor HansWarlimont Freigericht,Germany Authors MarleneSpittel ThiloSpittel(deceased) InstitutfürMetallformung InstitutfürMetallformung Fakulta¨tfürWerkstoffwissenschaft Fakulta¨tfürWerkstoffwissenschaftundWerkstofftechnologie undWerkstofftechnologie TechnischeUniversita¨tBergakademieFreiberg TechnischeUniversita¨tBergakademie Freiberg,Germany Freiberg Freiberg,Germany ISSN1619-4802 ISBN978-3-642-14173-7 ISBN978-3-642-14174-4(eBook) DOI10.1007/978-3-642-14174-4 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2015950754 ©Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2016 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialisconcerned, specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinany otherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilaror dissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublicationdoesnotimply,eveninthe absenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreefor generaluse. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthisbookarebelievedtobetrueand accurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernortheauthorsortheeditorsgiveawarranty,expressorimplied,withrespect tothematerialcontainedhereinorforanyerrorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherre-mainsneutralwithregardto jurisdictionalclaimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations. Coverlayout:ErichKirchner,Heidelberg Typesetting:RedaktionLandolt-B€ornstein,Heidelberg SPIN:8001679763/3020–543210–Printedonacid-freepaper Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelbergisapartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springeronline.com) Preface Design, planning and processing of deformation technologies rest upon profound knowledge of material behaviour during deformation, on specific types of the technical facilities considered as well as on the interactions between deformed material and equipment. Special knowledge of the material parameters is thepre-conditionforeverynewdevelopment.Thisgeneralstatementisindependentofwhetherthework pertains to experimental investigations or to numerical simulation. The latter shows an increasing appli- cationbothinresearchasinpractice.Itdescribestherealprocessesthebetter,themoreprecisetheresponse of the material, the processes at the interface between the material and the tool, and the material and the technicalfacilities,respectively,canbecharacterised.Thisincludesthedeformationbehaviour(including flowcurves),plasticity,physicalmaterialparametersandlastbutnotleastthemechanicalproperties.Thus, thedeformationbehaviour isaffected byprocessandmaterialrelated parametersandcanbereflectedby mathematicalmodelsonlyiftheseparametersareintroducedaspreciselyaspossible. Specifically, the present volume „Metal Forming Data“ is treating the deformation behaviour of light metals in theory and practice. The basic principles are presented in a compact form. The chapter „modelling“ pays special attention to numerical simulation processes. Many examples demonstrate the technical applications. In particular, the variety of light metals discussed and the comparison of interna- tionalstandardsemphasisetherelevanceofthebookasacompendiumbothforscientistsandresearchersas wellasforengineersinmetallurgicalplants. Thedescriptionofthedeformationbehaviour,ofphysicalandmechanicalproperties(includingspecific characteristics)asadatabankcomprisingabout85lightmetalsisaninvaluablepoolofdatafortheuserof numericalsimulationanddeformationprocesses.Itisbasedonthelonglastingcontinuousresearchwork carriedoutattheInstituteforMetalFormingoftheTechnicalUniversityBergakademieFreiberg,whichis highlyappreciatedandacceptedbynationalandinternationalexperts.Moreover,itisbasedonextensive literaturestudiesandonacomputationaltreatmentknownasthe“Freiberg-Model“world-wide. The book is addressed to students and scientists as well as to engineers in metallurgical plants and in plantengineering. Freiberg Prof.Dr.-Ing.Prof.E.h.R.Kawalla September2007 v ThiSisaFMBlankPage Contents Deformationbehaviorofnon-ferrousalloysanditsmeasurement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Influenceofchemicalcompositionandformingconditionsonflowstress. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Plasticityanditsinfluencingparameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofalloysandmetals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Databankofdeformationparametersofalloyandheavymetals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofoxygen-freeelectroniccopper(Cu-OFE). . . 122 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofelectrolytic-tough-pitchcopper (Cu-ETP). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofextralowphosphorouscopper (Cu-PHC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofphosphorousdeoxidisedcopper(Cu-DHP). . . 136 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuAg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 0.10 FlowstressandphysicalpropertiesofCuCr . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 1 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuCr Zr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 1 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuNi Si. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 2 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuBe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 2 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuFe P. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 2 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuZn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 5 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuZn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 10 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuZn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 15 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuZn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 20 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuZn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186 28 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuZn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 30 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuZn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 33 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuZn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 37 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuZn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 40 FlowstressandmechanicalpropertiesofCuZn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 42 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuZn Al As. . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . 213 20 2 FlowstressandphysicalpropertiesofCuZn Sn As. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218 28 1 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuZn Pb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 38 2 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuZn Pb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228 39 2 vii viii Contents Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuZn Pb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233 39 3 FlowstressandphysicalpropertiesofCuZn Ni Mn AlPb. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238 35 3 2 FlowstressandphysicalpropertiesofCuZn Al Mn Fe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 23 6 4 3 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuZn Mn Al PbSi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 37 3 2 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuSn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250 2 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuSn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254 4 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuSn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259 6 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuSn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264 8 FlowstressandphysicalpropertiesofCuSn –C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269 10 FlowstressandphysicalpropertiesofG–CuSn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272 12 FlowstressandphysicalpropertiesofG-CuSn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275 14 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuSn Zn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278 4 3 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuNi Si . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282 3 1 FlowstressandphysicalpropertiesofCuNi Fe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286 5 FlowstressandphysicalpropertiesofCuNi Fe Mn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290 10 1 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuNi Sn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295 9 2 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuNi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 20 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuNi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304 25 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuNi Zn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307 12 24 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuNi Zn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312 15 21 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuNi Zn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317 18 20 FlowstressandphysicalpropertiesofCuNi Mn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322 20 20 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuNi Mn Fe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325 30 1 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuNi Mn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330 44 1 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuAl As. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334 5 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuAl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338 8 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuAl Fe . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . .. . . .. 342 8 3 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuAl Ni Fe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347 10 5 4 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuAl Ni Fe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351 9 5 4 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuAl Fe Mn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356 10 3 2 FlowstressandplasticityofCuMn Al Ni Fe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361 11 8 3 3 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofCuSi Mn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364 3 1 FlowstressandplasticityofCuSi Mn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369 3 FlowstressandplasticityofCuSi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372 5 Flowstress,plasticityandphysicalpropertiesofNi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375 99.97 Contents ix Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofNi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380 99.6 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofNi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385 99.2 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofLC-Ni . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390 99 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofNiMn Si. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395 4 FlowstressandmechanicalpropertiesofNiCr MnSi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399 5 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofNiCu Fe. . . .. . . .. . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . 402 30 Flowstress,PlasticityandphysicalpropertiesofNiCu Al. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407 30 Flowstress,PlasticityandphysicalpropertiesofNi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411 36 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofNi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415 42 FlowstressandphysicalpropertiesofNi . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . 419 43 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofNi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422 46 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofNi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 426 51 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofNiMn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430 20–6 FlowstressofX8NiCr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434 17-10 FlowstressofX NiCr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437 8 22-3 Flowstress,plasticityandphysicalpropertiesofNi Cr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439 42 6 FlowstressandphysicalpropertiesofNiCo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443 29-18 FlowstressandphysicalpropertiesofNiCo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446 28-23 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofNiFe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449 45 FlowstressandphysicalpropertiesofNiFe Cr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 452 47 Flowstress,plasticityandphysicalpropertiesofNiFe CuCr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455 16 FlowstressofNiFe CuMo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 460 16 FlowstressofNiFe Mo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463 15 Flowstress,plasticityandphysicalpropertiesofNiMo Cr Ti. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466 16 16 Flowstress,plasticityandphysicalpropertiesofNiMo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471 28 FlowstressandplasticityofNiCr Co Ti. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475 20 18 Flowstress,plasticityandphysicalpropertiesofNiCo Cr MoAlTi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 478 20 15 FlowstressofNiCo Cr MoAlTi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 483 15 15 FlowstressofSG-NiCr Mo. . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . 486 29 FlowstressandphysicalpropertiesofNiCr Co Mo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 489 23 12 Flowstress,plasticityandphysicalpropertiesofNiCr Fe Nb Mo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493 19 19 5 3 FlowstressofG–NiCo Cr AlTiMo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498 15 10 Flowstress,mechanicalandphysicalpropertiesofNiCr Ti. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 502 20 Flowstress,plasticityandphysicalpropertiesofNiCr TiAl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 506 20 Flowstress,plasticityandphysicalpropertiesofNiCr Fe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511 15

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Part 3: Non-ferrous Alloys - Heavy Metals: Subvolume C: Metal Forming Data - Volume 2: Materials - Group VIII:Advanced Materials and Technologies - Landolt-Börnstein New Series PDF

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