Table Of ContentEdited by Hester Barron & Claudia Siebrecht
Parenting and the State
in Britain and Europe
c. 1870-1950
Raising the Nation
Parenting and the State in Britain and Europe,
c. 1870–1950
Hester Barron • Claudia Siebrecht
Editors
Parenting and the
State in Britain
and Europe,
c. 1870–1950
Raising the Nation
Editors
Hester Barron Claudia Siebrecht
University of Sussex University of Sussex
Brighton, United Kingdom Brighton, United Kingdom
ISBN 978-3-319-34083-8 ISBN 978-3-319-34084-5 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-34084-5
Library of Congress Control Number: 2016958103
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2017
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the
Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of
translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on
microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval,
electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now
known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this
publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are
exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information
in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the
publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to
the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made.
Cover image © World History Archive / Alamy Stock Photo
Printed on acid-free paper
This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by Springer Nature
The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG
The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
A
cknowledgments
This book is the result of a research project initially funded by a British
Academy small grant (#SG130207), which enabled us to bring together
a group of early career academics to share their expertise and ideas on the
relationship between parents and the state. We are grateful to all partici-
pants for two very engaging workshops at the University of Sussex and for
pursuing a collective research agenda with such enthusiasm, commitment
and openness. The result is an edited collection that—we think—is more
than the sum of its parts.
All the contributions benefited greatly from the input of Anna Davin,
Carol Dyhouse, Colin Heywood and Stephanie Spencer, who acted as discus-
sants at our second workshop and who helped us to focus the many different
ideas that were aired. Carol Dyhouse in particular has been supportive of this
project from its beginning, while Colin Heywood continued to offer advice
as the book developed. Others provided feedback and helped to stimulate
ideas, particularly Manon Pignot and Martina Salvante, while Glyn Prysor
and Nick Stargardt provided encouragement and support. Our colleagues
at Sussex were—as always—very generous with their time. They willingly
acted as sounding boards and we are especially grateful to Claire Langhamer,
Iain McDaniel, Lucy Robinson, Gerhard Wolf and Kim Wünschmann in
this regard. Two of our students, Amy Gower and Kasia Tomasiewicz, also
provided research assistance. Finally, we would like to acknowledge both the
administrative and financial assistance provided by the School of History, Art
History and Philosophy at the University of Sussex.
October 2016 Hester Barron and Claudia Siebrecht
v
c
ontents
1 Introduction: Raising the Nation 1
Hester Barron and Claudia Siebrecht
2 Parenthood, Citizenship and the State in England,
c.1870–1914 25
Siȃn Pooley
3 The ‘Breastfeeding Crisis’: Parenting, Welfare Policies,
and Ideology in Imperial Germany, 1871–1914 49
Katja Haustein
4 Parenting, Infanticide and the State in England
and Wales, 1870–1950 73
Daniel J.R. Grey
5 Parenting, Poverty and the NSPCC in Ireland,
1889–1939 93
Sarah-Anne Buckley
6 ‘I Looked After the State, but the State is Not Looking
After Me’: Parenting and the Population Crisis
in First World War Germany 115
Claudia Siebrecht
vii
viii CONTENTS
7 Parents, Teachers and Children’s Well-being in London,
1918–1939 137
Hester Barron
8 Notions of Parenting and the Home in the Institutional
Care of Delinquent Girls in Finland, 1920s–1940s 161
Kaisa Vehkalahti
9 Parents, Children and the Fascist State: The Production
and Reception of Children’s Magazines in 1930s Italy 183
Kate Ferris
10 ‘Knowing how to be a Mother’: Parenting, Emotion
and Evacuation Propaganda during the Spanish
Civil War, 1936–1939 207
Suan Sheridan Breakwell
11 In loco parentis: Junior Cadet Schools in the Soviet
Union during the Second World War 231
Olga Kucherenko
12 Motherhood and the Yugoslav Communist State
in the Revolutionary Era, 1943–1953 255
Jelena Batinić
Index 277
l
ist of figures
Fig. 1.1 Diagram from M. Bondfield (1914) The National Care
of Maternity 14
Fig. 5.1 Number and sex of persons proceeded against for non-indictable
offences, 1927–40 98
Fig. 10.1 Drawing of lamentation scene published in Nueva República,
February 1937 212
Fig. 10.2 Ministry of Public Instruction posters for colonias 215
Fig. 10.3 Poster of the Women’s Section of the Spanish
Communist Party 219
Fig. 11.1 A decorated student of a Suvorov college who had already
seen action despite being underage 240
Fig. 12.1 Cover of Žena u borbi (Woman in the Struggle), 1943 256
ix
l A
ist of bbreviAtions
AChMP Archive of the Black Sea Port Authority, Ukraine
AGA Archivo General de la Administración (General Administration
Archive), Madrid, Spain
AFŽ Antifascist Front of Women, Yugoslavia
AMV Archivio Municipale di Venezia (Municipal Archive of Venice),
Italy
AVII Vojni Arhiv (Military Archive), formerly Arhiv Vojnoistorijskog
Muzija (Archive of the Museum of Military History), Belgrade,
Serbia
AVNOJ Antifascist Council of National Liberation of Yugoslavia
BLAC Bromley Local Archive Centre, Bromley, UK
CAO City Archives of Oulu, Finland
CAT City Archives of Turku, Finland
CNIE National Council for Evacuated Children, Spain
CPY Communist Party of Yugoslavia
DCRO Durham County Record Office, Durham City, UK
EOA Ente Opera Assistenziale (Italian fascist para-state welfare
organisation)
ERO Essex Record Office, Chelmsford, UK
FPI Fundación Pablo Iglesias, Madrid, Spain
GARF The State Archive of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
GStAPK Geheimes Staatsarchiv Preußischer Kulturbesitz (Prussian
Secret State Archive), Berlin, Germany
LCC London County Council, London, UK
LMA London Metropolitan Archives, London, UK
xi
xii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
LRO Lancashire Record Office, Preston, UK
MIP Ministry of Public Instruction, Spain
NAF National Archives of Finland, Helsinki, Finland
NKO People’s Commissariat of Defence, USSR
NKP People’s Commissariat of Enlightenment, USSR
NKVMF People’s Commissariat of the Navy, USSR
NSPCC National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children
ONB Opera Nazionale Balilla (Italian fascist youth group
organisation)
ONMI Opera Nazionale Maternità e Infanzia (Italian fascist National
Organisation for Maternity and Infancy)
PCE Spanish Communist Party
PNF Partito Nazionale Fascista (Italian National Fascist Party)
RGANI Russian State Archive of Contemporary History, Moscow,
Russia
RGASPI Russian State Archive of Socio-political History, Moscow,
Russia
TNA The National Archives, Kew, UK
