Palladius of Helenopolis: The Origenist Advocate

201 Pages·2012·2.32 MB·English

by  Demetrios S. Katos

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Palladius of Helenopolis
Demetrios S. Katos
Print publication date: 2011
Print ISBN-13: 9780199696963
Published to Oxford Scholarship Online: January 2012
DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199696963.001.0001
Title Pages
Source: Palladius of HelenopolisThe Origenist Advocate
General Editors
Gillian Clark Andrew Louth
(p. ii ) THE OXFORD EARLY CHRISTIAN STUDIES series includes scholarly volumes on the thought and history
of the early Christian centuries. Covering a wide range of Greek, Latin, and Oriental sources, the books are of interest
to theologians, ancient historians, and specialists in the classical and Jewish worlds.
Titles in the series include:
Ambrosiaster's Political Theology
Sophie Lunn Rockliffe (2007)
‐
Coptic Christology in Practice
Incarnation and Divine Participation in Late Antique and Medieval Egypt
Stephen Davis (2008)
Possidius of Calama
A Study of the North African Episcopate in the Age of Augustine
Erica T. Hermanowicz (2008)
Justinian and the Making of the Syrian Orthodox Church
Volker L. Menze (2008)
The Christocentric Cosmology of St Maximus the Confessor
Torstein Theodor Tollefsen (2008)
Augustine's Text of John
1 of 3 22.1.2012 19:58
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Patristic Citations and Latin Gospel Manuscripts
H. A. G. Houghton (2008)
Hilary of Poitiers on the Trinity
From De Fide to De Trinitate
Carl L. Beckwith (2008)
The Easter Computus and the
Origins of the Christian Era
Alden A. Mosshammer (2008)
The Letters of Jerome
Asceticism, Biblical Exegesis, and the
Construction of Christian Authority in Late Antiquity
Andrew Cain (2009)
Basil of Caesarea, Gregory of Nyssa, and the
Transformation of Divine Simplicity
Andrew Radde Gallwitz (2009)
‐
The Asceticism of Isaac of Nineveh
Patrik Hagman (2010)
(p. iv )
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First published 2011
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Palladius of Helenopolis
Demetrios S. Katos
Print publication date: 2011
Print ISBN-13: 9780199696963
Published to Oxford Scholarship Online: January 2012
DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199696963.001.0001
Preface
Source: Palladius of HelenopolisThe Origenist Advocate
This book offers a comprehensive assessment of the life and thought of Palladius of Helenopolis (c.363–430).
Palladius' two works, the Dialogue on the Life of St John Chrysostom and the Lausiac History, have long been mined
for their wealth of information concerning the controversy leading to the demise of John Chrysostom and the
burgeoning movement of Christian asceticism. These sources are also key witnesses to the lives and activities of
notable late antique Christian personalities such as John Chrysostom, Theophilus of Alexandria, Evagrius of Pontus,
Melania the Elder, Isidore the Presbyter, and the Tall Brothers. Despite the extensive research conducted in recent
years on these topics and individuals, Palladius has largely been ignored by contemporary scholarship. His role in the
Johnite controversy is not fully understood, and the full extent of his indebtedness to his ascetic colleagues and their
common spiritual tradition has not been explored. This book examines his role as an advocate on behalf of John
Chrysostom, and as a promoter of his ascetic colleagues to the imperial court. It also explores his theological
dependence upon his mentor Evagrius of Pontus, and upon the broader theological legacy of Origen. What emerges
from these pages is a self portrait, rather than a polemicist's caricature, of an Origenist at the turn of the fifth
‐
century who has profoundly influenced Christian history, hagiography, and piety for nearly 1,600 years.
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Palladius of Helenopolis
Demetrios S. Katos
Print publication date: 2011
Print ISBN-13: 9780199696963
Published to Oxford Scholarship Online: January 2012
DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199696963.001.0001
Acknowledgements
Source: Palladius of HelenopolisThe Origenist Advocate
It is a happy occasion when one has the opportunity to thank those who have helped in the completion of such an
undertaking. My happiest memories of this project are associated with the individuals who took the time to listen,
read, and reflect upon the material presented here, and it is both an obligation and honor to acknowledge them by
name.
The roots of this book lie in a dissertation completed at the Catholic University of America, the topic having been
recommended to me by Robin Darling Young, now of the University of Notre Dame. Her interests in Evagrius of
Pontus spurred her curiosity in the work of his main biographer, and she has championed the importance of
Palladius for years. I am pleased finally to present her with this book, which I hope in some measure will satisfy her
interests and vindicate her convictions. Her bright example of rigorous scholarship and Christian conviction has been
an inspiration to me for many years, and her sage counsel has been my constant companion from our first seminar
on early Christian asceticism to the final stages of preparing this book for production. Thanks are also due to William
E. Klingshirn and David W. Johnson, SJ, who served as readers on my committee and helped shape my thinking in
the earliest stages of this project.
This book, however, is different in scope and purpose from the original dissertation from which it sprang, and its
transformation would not have been possible without the institutional support I received from various sources. I am
indebted to the Association of Theological Schools and The Henry Luce Foundation, Inc., which granted me a year as
a Henry Luce III Fellow in Theology. For their dedication to the nurturing of theological scholarship, many thanks
are due to Daniel O. Aleshire, Stephen R. Graham, Carol E. Lytch, Frances Pacienza at ATS, to Michael F. Gilligan and
Lynn Szwaja at the Luce Foundation, to the members of the Luce Fellows Advisory Committee, and to my Luce
Fellows classmates. Funding was also awarded by the S. Gregory Taylor Fund, administered by the Greek Orthodox
Archdiocese of America, and I thank His Eminence Archbishop Demetrios of America and His Grace Bishop Savas of
Troas for their support. Hellenic College and Holy Cross Greek Orthodox School of Theology has been my
institutional home now for many years, and I am especially grateful to President Revd Nicholas C. Triantafilou, Revd
Dr Thomas FitzGerald, and Dr Lily Macrakis for their encouragement and assistance in securing the Luce fellowship
1 of 3 22.1.2012 19:59
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and granting a leave of absence. Holy Cross had also awarded me a year as a Fellow in Residence when I was writing
‐ ‐
the dissertation that served as the impetus for (p. x ) this book. My part time association with Boston College
‐
proved particularly fortunate in helping me obtain research and library privileges. In this regard, special thanks are
due to Kenneth Himes, OFM, Francis P. Kilcoyne, Robert Daly, SJ, Richard J. Clifford, SJ, and the wonderful library
staff of the School of Theology and Ministry, led by Esther Griswold, that welcomed me as one of their own for a
year.
Happiest of all the new associations that resulted from working on this book are those with Norman Russell and
Wendy Mayer. Their interest in John Chrysostom, the Origenist controversy, and Theophilus of Alexandria helped
me in remarkable ways, sustained my own interest in the topic, and spurred me to explore it in new ways. They have
supported this project by reading proposals, listening to papers, reading drafts, and writing recommendations, and I
value greatly their time, ideas, comments, and encouragement. Their enthusiasm and eagerness for the project drove
me on to completion. Their generosity and kindness have been inspiring and I hope to emulate them. I am also
grateful to all who fielded questions related to this book on topics ranging from the technical to the general, among
whom were the Very Revd John Behr, Daniel F. Caner, A. M. Casiday, Brian E. Daley, SJ, George Demacopoulos,
Susan Ashbrook Harvey, Malcolm Heath, Caroline Humfress, Margaret M. Mitchell, Revd Chrysostomos (John)
Nassis, Aristotle Papanikolaou, Timothy Patitsas, Revd Eugen J. Pentiuc, James C. Skedros, and Tim Vivian. I also
thank the many members of the Boston Patristics Society, too many to mention here by name, who not only sat
through my presentations, but also gave me their time before, after, and between meetings. As I searched in vain for
a cover image, I was rescued by the Very Revd Dr Joachim Costonis, Director of the Archbishop Iakovos Library at
Hellenic College and Holy Cross. He suggested and located a rarely reproduced image of St John Chrysostom being
led into exile, found in the Menologion of Basil II (Vaticanus Graecus 1613, fol. 178, reprinted here with permission);
it is a particularly appropriate image not only because the event was central to Palladius' narration in his Dialogue,
but because it was the incident that prompted his advocacy on John's behalf.
Special thanks are due to editors Andrew Louth and Gillian Clark for accepting this book for publication in their
series, to Tom Perridge, commissioning editor, and to the external reader whose eagle eye for all matters Evagriana
saved me from errors of both fact and judgment. I would also like to acknowledge the permission granted by the
respective publishers to include material in these pages revised from the following articles: ‘Socratic Dialogue or
Forensic Debate? Judicial Rhetoric and Stasis Theory in the Dialogue on the Life of St. John Chrysostom’, Vigiliae
Christianae 61 (2007): 42–69; ‘Humility as the Harbinger of Imageless Prayer in the Lausiac History’, St. Vladimir's
Theological Quarterly (2007): 107–21; and ‘Origenists in the Desert: Palladius of Helenopolis and the Alexandrian
Theological Tradition’, American Benedictine Review, 56:2 (June 2005): 167–93.
(p. xi ) My extended family has been a support and inspiration towards the completion of this book, and I thank
them all, though I mention here by name only my parents, Stephen and Anna Katos, and my wife's parents, Anthony
and Efthemia Zervoglos. Above all, I thank my wife Christina who has been my own advocate for years, and whose
patience and encouragement made this possible. I am most indebted to her and our children, who provided me with
many happy diversions from this project, and I thank them from my heart. This book is dedicated to the memory of
our first daughter, Anna.
Brookline, Massachusetts
27 January 2011
Translation of the Relics of St John Chrysostom
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Palladius of Helenopolis
Demetrios S. Katos
Print publication date: 2011
Print ISBN-13: 9780199696963
Published to Oxford Scholarship Online: January 2012
DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199696963.001.0001
Abbreviations
Source: Palladius of HelenopolisThe Origenist Advocate
AB
Analecta Bollandiana (Brussels, 1882–)
ACO
Acta Conciliorum Oecumenicorum, ed. E. Schwartz and J. Straub (Berlin, 1914–)
ANF
The Ante Nicene Fathers, ed. A. Roberts and J. Donaldson (Buffalo: Christian Literature, 1885–96; repr.
‐
Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1951–6; repr. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1994)
ASE
Annali di storia dell'esegesi (Bologna, 1984–)
Aug
Augustinianum (Rome, 1961)
BLE
Bulletin de littérature ecclésiastique (Toulouse, 1877–)
Byzantion
Byzantion. Revue internationale des Etudes byzantines (Brussels, 1924–)
CCL
Corpus Christianorum. Series Latina (Turnhout, 1953–)
CCG
Corpus Christianorum. Series Graeca (Turnhout, 1977–)
CF
Classical Folia (New York, 1959–79)
CM
Classica et Mediaevalia (Copenhagen, 1938–)
CPh
Classical Philology (Chicago, 1906–)
CQ
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Classical Quarterly (Oxford, 1907–45; 1951–)
CSCO
Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium (Paris and Louvain, 1903–)
CSEL
Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum (Vienna, 1865–)
CT
Codex Theodosianus, ed. P. Krueger, P. M. Meyer, T. Mommsen (Berlin, 1923–6)
DACL
Dictionnaire d'archéologie chrétienne et de liturgie (Paris, 1907–53)
DHGE
Dictionnaire d'histoire et de géographie ecclésiastique (Paris, 1909–)
Dial.
Dialogus de vita S. Joannis Chrysostomi, ed. Anne Marie Malingrey, Palladios: Dialogue sur la vie de Jean
‐
Chrysostome, SC 341–2 (Paris: Cerf, 1988). Citations include chapter and line numbers; the English
translations provided are by Robert T. Meyer, Dialogue on the Life of St. John Chrysostom, Ancient
Christian Writers 45 (New York: Newman Press, 1985), often modified.
DOP
Dumbarton Oaks Papers (Washington, D.C., 1941–)
DSp
Dictionnaire de spiritualité ascétique et mystique (Paris, 1933–)
DTC
Dictionnaire de théologie catholique (Paris, 1903–70)
EEC
Encyclopedia of the Early Church (New York, 1992)
FC
Fathers of the Church (New York, 1947–)
GCS
Die griechischen christlichen Schriftsteller (Leipzig, 1897–)
(p. xvi ) GRBS
Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies (Durham, NC, 1959–)
HL
Historia Lausiaca. Ed. Cuthbert Butler, The Lausiac History of Palladius: A Critical Discussion Together
with Notes on Early Egyptian Monachism, Text and Studies VI, 1–2, 2 vols. (Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 1898, 1904; repr. Hildesheim: Georg Olms, 1967). Citations include page and line numbers
in Butler's edition; the English translations provided are by Robert T. Meyer, Palladius: The Lausiac
History, Ancient Christian Writers 34 (Westminster, MD and London: Newman Press, 1965), often
modified.
HThR
Harvard Theological Review (Cambridge, MA, 1908–)
JECS
Journal of Early Christian Studies (Baltimore, 1993–)
JHS
Journal of Hellenic Studies (London, 1880–)
JThS
Journal of Theological Studies (Oxford, 1899–1949; 1950–)
Lampe
G. W. H. Lampe, A Patristic Greek Lexicon (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1961)
LSJ
Henry George Liddell et al., A Greek-English Lexicon (Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford
University Press, 1996)
MSR
Mélanges de Science Religieuse (Lille, 1944–)
Muséon
Le Muséon Revue d'Etudes Orientales (Louvain 1882 1915; 1921 )
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NPNF
A Select Library of Nicene and Post Nicene Father of the Christian Church, ed. Philip Schaff and Henry Wace
‐
(Buffalo: Christian Literature, 1887–94; repr. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1952–6; repr. Peabody, MA:
Hendrickson, 1994).
OCA
Orientalia Christiana Analecta (Rome, 1935–)
OCP
Orientalia Christiana Periodica (Rome, 1935–)
PO
Patrologia Orientalis (Paris, 1903–)
PG
Patrologiae cursus completus, series Graeca
PL
Patrologiae cursus completus, series Latina
PW
Paulys Real-Encyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft, ed. G. Wissowa et al. (Stuttgart, 1893–)
RAM
Revue d'ascétique et de mystique (Toulouse, 1920)
RBen
Revue Bénedictine (Abbaye de Maredsous, 1890–)
REAug
Revue des Etudes Augustiniennes (Paris, 1955–)
RecAug
Recherches Augustiniennes, Supplément à Revue de Etudes Augustiniennes (Paris, 1958–)
RecSR
Recherches de science religieuse (Paris, 1910–40; 1946–)
RHE
Revue d'histoire ecclésiastique (Louvain, 1900–)
SC
Sources Chrétiennes (Paris, 1941–)
SP
Studia Patristica, in Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der altchristlichen Literatur (Berlin, 1957–)
(p. xvii ) StudMon
Studia Monastica (Barcelona, 1959–)
SVTQ
St. Vladimir's Theological Quarterly (Crestwood, NY, 1969–)
TU
Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der altchristlichen Literatur (Leipzig and Berlin, 1882–)
VChr
Vigiliae Christianae: A Review of Early Christian Life and Language (Amsterdam, 1947–)
ZKG
Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte (Stuttgart, 1877–)
ZKTh
Zeitschrift für katholische Theologie (Vienna, 1877–43; 1947–)
ZNTW
Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft und die Kunde der älteren Kirche (Berlin, 1900–42;
1949–)
Abbreviations of titles for works by Greek authors follow Lampe or LSJ; those of Latin authors follow SBL Handbook
of Style. (p. xviii )
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