Paleoalgology: Contemporary Research and Applications

385 Pages·1985·21.63 MB·English

by  J. L. Wray (auth.)

Paleoalgology
Contemporary Research
and Applications
Edited by
D. F. Toomey and M. H. Nitecki
With 157 Figures and 40 Plates
Springer-Verlag
Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo
Dr. DONALD F. TOOMEY
Conoco Incorporated
Ponca City, OK 74603, U.S.A.
Dr. MATTHEW H. NlTECKI
Field Museum of Natural History
Chicago, IL 60605, U.S.A.
ISBN-13: 978-3-642-70357-7 e-ISBN-13: 978-3-642-70355-3
DOl: 10.1007/978-3-642-70355-3
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data. Main entry under title: Paleoalgol
ogy: contemporary research and applications. Proceedings of the Third International
Symposium on Fossil Algae (ISFA), held at Colorado School of Mines in Golden, Colo
rado, Aug. 15-17, 1983. Bibliography: p. Includes index. 1. Algae, Fossil-Congresses.
2. Paleobotany - United States - Congresses. 3. Paleobotany - Congresses. I. Toomey,
Donald F. II. Nitecki, Matthew H. III. International Symposium on Fossil Algae (3rd:
1983: Colorado School of Mines). QE955.P35. 1985.561'.93.85-7941.
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of
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tions, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying machine or similar means, and stor
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for other than private use, a fee is payable to "Verwertungsgesellschaft Wort", Munich.
© by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1985
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1985
The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in
the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant
protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
213213130-543210
Preface
Prior to the 3rd International Symposium on Fossil Algae, held in
Golden, Colorado in August of 1983, a 3-day fieldtrip concentrating
on Recent algal distribution in southern Florida was led by Robert N.
Ginsburg and his associates from Miami. A post-symosium fieldtrip
to the West Texas-southern New Mexico region was led by Don
Toomey and Jack Babcock. This fieldtrip examined Precambrian and
Paleozoic algal carbonates in a region characterized by superb outcrop
exposures, and included the famous Permian Reef complex. The
Toomey-Babcock fieldtrip resulted in a unique fieldguide published
by the Colorado School of Mines (1983), and issued to all participants
of the symposium.
The symposium itself was held from August 15 through Augsut 17
on the campus of the Colorado School of Mines where Professor
J. Harlan Johnson, to whose memory this volume is dedicated, spent
so much of his career studying fossil algae. The symposium sessions
were held for 3 days, and during that time 40 papers were presented
and discussed. A I-day fieldtrip, led by John L. Wray, to examine
Late Paleozoic phylloid algal carbonates exposed in the nearby Rocky
Mountains, concluded the formal meetings.
The aim of the symposium was to discuss the recent developments
contributing to a better understanding of fossil algae. The organizing
committee consisted of Robert N. Ginsburg, Matthew H. Nitecki,
Donald F. Toomey and John L. Wray. However, the actual mechanics
of running the meeting, and the initiation of the symposium was in
the hands of Wray, the President of the International Fossil Algae
Association. The editors take particular pleasure, surely shared with
all those present in Golden, in thanking Jack Wray for the success of
the symposium, and for this publication resulting from ISF A.
The present volume represents the Proceedings of the 3rd ISF A,
and includes the papers read at the symposium, and those manuscripts
that were submitted to the editors at the time of the meeting. The
arrangement of the book differs from the arrangement of the ISF A.
While it is possible to arrange the work of paleoalgologists according
to the taxonimic expertise of the authors, it appears to be more pro
fitable to organize it according to the philosophy and methodology
VI Preface
of the research practice. This arrangement is followed here, and is
discussed in detail in the essay written by the editors.
We acknowledge the kindness of those of our colleagues who re
viewed the individual contributions, and those who helped with vari
ous aspects of preparing this volume. We are particularly grateful to
Zbigniew Jastrzebski of the Field Museum, who prepared many
figures, and to Ms. Elaine Zeiger, who typed many manuscripts many
times over. To all those our most sincere thanks.
Donald F. Toomey
Matthew H. Nitecki
Reference
Toomey DF, Babcock JA (1983) Precambrian and Paleozoic algal carbonates,
West Texas-southern New Mexico: Fieldguide to selected localities of Late
Proterozoic, Ordovician, Pennsylvanian, and Permian ages, including the
Permian Reef complex: Colorado School of Mines Prof Contrib No 11,
345 P
Contents
Introduction
1. Harlan lohnson (1892-1974),
Father of American Paleoalgology
I.L. Wray. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2 Paleoalgology
M.H. Nitecki and D.F. Toomey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Stromatolites and Precambrian Algae
3 Precambrian Carbonaceous Megafossils
H.J. Hofmann (With 4 Figures) ................... , 20
4 Stromatolites of the Middle Proterozoic Belt Supergroup,
Glacier National Park, Montana: a Summary and a Comment
on the Relationship Between Their Morphology and
Paleoenvironment
R.J. Horodyski (With 3 Figures). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 34
5 A Stromatolite Built by a Phormidium-Like Alga from the
Lower Carboniferous of South Wales
V.P. Wright and I.M. Wright (With 14 Figures) . . . . . . . . .. 40
Systematics and Morphology
6 Morphological Groups and Series in Cambrian Calcareous
Algae
R. Riding and L. Voronova (With 17 Figures). . . . . . . . . .. 56
7 Late Ordovician Dasyclad Algae of the Eastern Great Basin
R.E. lohnsonand P.M. Sheehan (With 3 Figures). . . . . . . .. 79
VIII Contents
8 Masloviporidium, a Cosmopolitan Middle Carboniferous
Red Alga
J.R. Groves and B.L. Mamet (With 2 Figures) . . . . . . . . .. 85
9 Carboniferous Algae from the Peratrovich Formation,
Southeastern Alaska
B.L. Mamet and S. Pinard (With 1 Figure and 3 Plates). . .. 91
10 Review of Tethyan Mesozoic Algae of Romania
O. Dragastan (With 5 Figures and 28 Plates) . . . . . . . . . .. 101
11 Key for Specific Determinations of Cretaceous
Archaeolithothamnium
A.F. Poignant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 162
Reefs, Buildups and Other Frameworks
12 Devonian Reef-Associated Articulate Red Algae from
Western Canada
E.RJ. Magathan (With 5 Figures). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 170
13 Lower Permian Phylloid Algal Mounds, Southern Tatum
Basin, Southeastern New Mexico, U.S.A.
J.M. Cys (With 4 Figures) ....................... 179
14 Sedimentation of an Upper Pennsylvanian (Virgilian)
Phylloid Algal Mound Complex, Hueco Mountains,
EI Paso Country, West Texas
J.e. Pol (With 12 Figures) ....................... 188
15 Lower Permian (Wolfcampian) Archaeolithoporella-
Tubiphytes-Sponge Boundstones from the Subsurface of
West Texas
G.P. Wahlman (With 3 Figures and 3 Plates) ........... 208
16 The "Coralligene" of the Mediterranean - a Recent Analog
for Tertiary Coralline Algal Limestones
D.w.J. Bosence (With 4 Figures) ................... 216
17 Ecological Succession from Corals to Coralline Algae in
Eocene Patch Reefs, Northern Spain
C. Taberner and D.WJ. Bosence (With 6 Figures) ....... 226
Contents IX
18 Depth Zonation and Growth Form of Crustose Coralline
Algae: Flower Garden Banks, Northwestern Gulf of Mexico
G.A. Minnery, R. Rezak, and T.1. Bright (With 5 Figures) ... 237
Calcification, Microstructure and Growth
19 Occurrence and Preservation of Eocene Squamariacean and
Coralline Rhodoliths: Eua, Tonga
B. Buchbinder and R.B. Halley (With 13 Figures) . . . . . .. 248
20 Growth Rate and Carbonate Production in
Halimeda opuntia: Marquesas Keys, Florida
J.H. Hudson (With 3 Figures). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 257
21 Calcification in Fossil Neomereae (Dasycladales)
P. Genot (With 3 Figures and 3 Plates) . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 264
Algae and Sediments
22 Origin of Stromatactis - a Replacement of Colonial
Microbial Accretions
H.H. Tsien (With 7 Figures and 3 Plates) ............. 274
23 Algal-Bacterial Origin of Micrites in Mud Mounds
H.H. Tsien (With 4 Figures) ...................... 290
24 Paleodepositional Setting of Rhodoliths from the
Upper Pennsylvanian (Virgil) Salem School Limestone
of N orthcen tral Texas
D.F. Toomey (With 4 Figures) .................... 297
25 Taxonomic Survey of Lower Permian Algae from the
Southern Tatum Basin, Southeastern New Mexico, U.S.A.
J.M. Cys (With 4 Figures) ....................... 306
26 Dasyclad Algae Within Permian (Leonard) Cyclic Shelf
Carbonates ("Abo"), Northern Midland Basin, West Texas
D.F. Toomey (With 11 Figures) ................... 315
27 Algal Marsh Deposits from the Upper Jurassic of Portugal
V.P. Wright (With 7 Figures) ..................... 330
x
Contents
Diversity and Evolution
28 Diversity and Environments of Permian and Triassic
Dasyc1adacean Algae'
E. Fliigel (With 6 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 344
29 Adaptations of Crustose Coralline Algae to Herbivory:
Patterns in Space and Time
R.S. Steneck (With 7 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 352
Index of Generic and Species Names. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 367
Subject Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 373
Contributors
You will find the addresses at the beginning of the respective contributions
Bosence, D.WJ. 216,226 Nitecki, M.H. 9
Bright, T.J. 237 Pinard, S. 91
Buchbinder, B. 248 Poignant, A.F. 162
Cys,J.M. 179,306 Pol, J.e. 188
Dragastan, O. 101 Rezak, R. 237
Flugel, E. 344 Riding, R. 56
Genot, P. 264 Sheehan, P.M. 79
Groves, J.R. 85 Steneck, R.S. 352
Halley, R.B. 248 Tabemer, C. 226
Hofmann, H.J. 20 Toomey, D.F. 9,297,315
Horodyski, RJ. 34 Tsien, H.H. 274,290
Hudson, J.H. 257 Voronova, L. 56
Johnson, R.E. 79 Wahlman, G.P. 208
Magathan, E.RJ. 170 Wray, J.L. 2
Marnet, B.L. 85,91 Wright, J.M. 40
Minnery, G.A. 237 Wright, V.P. 40,330