Table Of ContentClifford Mark McCormick
Palace and Tempie
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Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die
alttestamentliche Wissenschaft
Herausgegeben von
Otto Kaiser
Band 313
W
DE
G
Walter de Gruyter · Berlin · New York
2002
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Clifford Mark McCormick
Palace and Tempie
A Study of Architectural and Verbal Icons
w
DE
G
Walter de Gruyter · Berlin · New York
2002
Authenticated | 109.228.106.43
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© Printed on acid-free paper which falls within the guidelines of the ANSI
to ensure permanence and durability.
Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP-Einheitsaufiiahme
MacCormick, Clifford Mark:
Palace and temple : a study of architectural and verbal icons / Clifford
Mark McCormick. - Berlin ; New York : de Gruyter, 2002
(Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft ;
Bd. 313)
Zugl.: Diss.
ISBN 3-11-017277-1
© Copyright 2002 by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, D-10785 Berlin
All rights reserved, including those of translation into foreign languages. No part of this book
may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
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sion in writing from the publisher-
Printed in Germany
Cover design: Christopher Schneider, Berlin
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For Faye, who planted the seed
For Paige, who nurtured it
For Gwenafaye, who will enjoy its fruit
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Preface
This study, as in all studies of this type, is the product of long
conversations, intensive readings, and mentorial proddings to see
clearly the implications of taking a particular stand in the discussion
of ancient cultures. My own interest in the palace of Sennacherib at
Nineveh had long been keen when I first approached John Van
Seters with the topic. It was he who first suggested that I take a look
at I Kings 6-8 and the description of Solomon's temple in Jerusalem
that is found there. It was indeed a fortuitous suggestion. For his
guidance through the process of dissertation writing, but more for his
willingness to mentor me through the intellectual development that is
graduate study, I will always be grateful to John. His skill as a
scholar is well recognized, his intellectual engagement as a mentor
benefited me immeasurably.
There are others on my dissertation committee, without whose
willingness to guide me through the research, the work would have
been impossible. Jack Sasson's keen mind in matters editorial and
intellectual never ceased to amaze me. His comments kept me from
many unfortunate errors of logic and rhetoric, and his refusal to settle
for second-rate treatment of Akkadian sources may spare me the
scorn of Assyriologists. However, as much as the good one sees in
the Akkadian translations found herein is attributable to Jack's
mastery, the errors are attributable to my fledgling attempts to work
with the intriguing and beautiful language of ancient Assyria.
Joanne Waghorne's encouragement and ready interest in
iconographie issues was one of the early voices that sent me toward
the palace and the temple with an eye toward what they might
communicate to us. Norris Johnson and Tom Tweed, though having
different ideas about the function of architectural space, were helpful
in the ways that they constantly pointed me away from the errors that
come from seeking the quick answer in the process of architectural
and spatial interpretation. For the generous gift of their time and
their guidance, I am grateful to all of them. The weaknesses that
remain in this study are my own.
viii Palace and Temple
Finally, there are members of my family to whom many thanks are
due. My mother, Faye Tucker McCormick, was a woman who
valued knowledge and education. My thirst for understanding came
from her and the more I study, the more I learn, the more I realize the
gift she gave me when she planted this hunger within me.
My wife, Paige Reece McCormick, is a woman of expansive
knowledge and acute insight. Editorially, she is a genius with a
talent for clean crisp language. She read everything before it went to
the committee and she questioned and proposed and removed with
such proficiency that, without their knowledge, she made their job
much easier. The strengths and clarity in this study are a tribute to
her ability to question me to the heart of my argument and then say,
once more, "Now, why do you not say that in here?" For her
determined reading and re-reading, for her willingness to devote an
incredible amount of time to bringing clarity to a project she herself
believed in, and for her constant encouragement to keep going, she
has my perpetual gratitude. For her reminders that one should get
out into the woods, take a walk and relax occasionally, and for a
myriad of other reasons that are renewed every day, she has my
undying love and devotion.
My daughter, Gwenafaye Adanma McCormick, is, in short, the
greatest joy of my life. She came to us in the Fall of 1997, and the
first years of her life were filled with catching her father at the
computer in the early morning hours and working hard to distract his
attention away from those words and that keyboard. She was
generally successful, and I am certainly the happier for it. She
continues to grow into a smart little girl with an eager eye that misses
little, a sharp mind that is always questioning and loves stories, and a
ready invitation to play. I do my best to accept those invitations
when they come, and I hope that our times of reading and play will
give her an appreciation for the benefits of learning and relaxation.
Because I have learned so profoundly from them, I dedicate this
study to my mother, my wife, and my daughter.
C. Mark McCormick Tuscaloosa, Alabama
Fall 2001
Table of Contents
Introduction 1
Chapter 1 : Method of Architectural and Textual Study 5
Architecture and the Built Environment 8
Sennacherib's Palace in Nineveh 16
The Texts 19
History of Approaches 21
A New Approach to Sennacherib's Palace 26
Solomon's Temple in Jerusalem 28
Evidence 29
History of Approaches 29
A New Approach to Solomon's Temple 38
Conclusion 42
Chapter 2: Sennacherib's Palace In Nineveh 45
The Texts 48
Choosing the Site 52
Description of the Labor Force 55
Preparation of the Site 56
Construction of the Palace 58
Conclusion 65
The Building 66
Courtyard VI Spatial Arrangement 68
The Reliefs 69
Interpretation 71
Room XXXVI: The Lachish Room Spatial Arrangement 74
The Reliefs 78
Interpretation 80
Conclusion 83
Chapter 3: Solomon's Temple in Jerusalem 87
Issues of Historicity 90
Archaeological Evidence for the Reign of Solomon 92
Literary Evidence for the Reign of Solomon 97
Previous Approaches to Solomon's Temple 100
The Search for Sources 100
