Oxygen Transport to Tissue IX

388 Pages·1987·8.52 MB·English

by  S. Egginton

OXYGEN TRANSPORT
TO TISSUE IX
ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
Editorial Board:
NATHAN BACK, State University of New York at Buffalo
EPHRAIM KATCHALSKI-KATZIR, The Weizmann Institute of Science
DAVID KRITCHEVSKY, Wistar Institute
ABEL LAJTHA, N. S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research
RODOLFO PAOLETTI, University of Milan
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OXYGEN TRANSPORT
TO TISSUE IX
Edited by
I. A. Silver
and A. Silver
The Medical School
University of Bristol
Bristol, United Kingdom
PLENUM PRESS • NEW YORK AND LONDON
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Oxygen transport to tissue IX.
Based on the ISOTT meeting, held July 27-30, 1986, at Churchill College, Cambridge
United Kingdom.
Includes bibliographies and index.
I. Oxygen transport (Physiology)-Congresses. 2. Oxygen in the body-Congresses.
I. Silver, I. A. II. Silver, A. (Ann) III. International Society on Oxygen Transport to
Tissue. IV. Tide: Oxygen transport to tissue 9. [DNLM: I. Biological Transport-
congresses. 2. Oxygen - blood - congresses. 3. Oxygen - metabolism - congresses.
4. Oxygen Consumption-congresses. QV 3120983 1986]
QP99.3.090939 1987 612/.01524 87-3329
ISBN 978-1-4684-7435-0 ISBN 978-1-4684-7433-6 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4684-7433-6
Proceedings of an ISOTT meeting on Oxygen Transport to Tissue,
held July 27-30, 1986, at Churchill College, Cambridge, United Kingdom
© 1987 Plenum Press, New York
Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover 1st edition 1987
A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation
233 Spring Street, New York, N.Y. 10013
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming,
recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher
PREFACE
These papers stem from the ISOTT Meeting held at Churchill
College, Cambridge, from July 27th to 30th, 1986. Although the sun did
not shine so brightly as during the Cambridge meeting in 1977, the
communications and discussions were as lively and informative and some
heat, as well as light, was generated in the presentation of differing
views. The meeting was conducted in a generally informal way which
allowed maximum time for discussion but the relatively unstructured
nature of the debates made them unsuitable for publication. The amount
of editing necessary meant that the printed version of the exchanges
would bear little resemblance to the original, hence their omission.
All the papers presented here have been scrutinized and retyped
in a standard format. However, the diverse interests of ISOTT's
members, reflected in the wide spectrum of the material submitted, made
total editorial uniformity an unrealistic goal. Complete consistency
in the use of symbols, abbreviations and units seemed less important
than speed of publication.
We are very grateful to all those who contributed to the smooth
running of the Meeting itself and to the production of this book. In
particular we would like to thank Fiona and Angus Silver, John Powter,
Charles Drown and Judy Deas for their work before and during the
Symposium and Mrs Avril Lear for her efforts in dealing with the
correspondence and for the initial retyping of the papers. Finally we
would like to thank the staff of the Department of Pathology at Bristol
for their tolerance and help.
I.A. Silver
Ann Silver
January 1987
v
CONTENTS
METHODS
Morphometric Analysis of Sparse Capillary Networks 1
S. Egginton, Z. Turek and L. Hoofd
A Comparison of the Methods for Assessment of the
Heterogeneity in Myocardial Capillary Spacing 13
Z. Turek, L. Hoofd and K. Rakusan
Imaging of Red Blood Cell and Plasma Dispersion in the
Brain Cortex • . . • . • . • . . . . • • • . . . • . . . • . . • • • . . • . . . . . . . • . . . . 21
A. Eke
Determination of Cerebral Cortical Capillary Blood Volume 29
from Mean Transit Time Analysis
J.C. LaManna and R.P. Shockley
The Microphotometric Determination of the Variability of the
02 Saturation of Erythrocytes Lying within Rouleaux 35
D.W. Lubbers, H. Grisar and T.E.J. Gayeski
Kinetics and Transient Times of Fluorescence Optical Sensors
(Optodes) for Blood Gas Analysis (02, C02' pH) ••..•.. 45
N. Opitz and D.W. Lubbers
A Method for Estimating Contact Time of Red Cells in Lung
Capillaries from 02 and C02 Concentrations in
Rebreathing Air in Man . . • . . . . . • . . . . . • . • • . • • • . • • . . • • . . . • 51
M. Mochizuki, I. Shibuya, K. Uchida and T. Kagawa
Quantitative Relations between Gas Exchange Parameters including
Contact Time at Rest and during Treadmill Exercise 61
I. Shibuya, K. Uchida and M. Mochizuki
A Versatile and Sensitive Method for Measuring Oxygen .•...... 71
D.F. Wilson, J.M. Vanderkooi, T.J. Green, G. Maniara,
S.P. DeFeo and D.C. Bloomgarden
BLOOD SUBSTITUTES
Critical Oxygen Delivery Levels during Shock following
Normoxic and Hyperoxic Haemodilution with
Fluorocarbons or Dextran ..............••........•...•.. 79
N.S. Faithfull and S.M. Cain
vii
Prophylaxis and Treatment of Myocardial Ischaemia by
Haemodilution with Fluorocarbon Emulsions •••••••••••••• 89
N.S. Faithfull, M. Fennema and W. Erdmann
Emulsified Perfluorochemicals as Physiological Oxygen-transport
Fluids: Assessment of a Novel Formulation •••••••••••••• 97
S.K. Sharma, A.D. Bollands, S.S. Davis and K.C Lowe
Cerebral Cortical Oxygenation and Perfusion during Progressive
Normavolaemic Haemodilution with Hetastarch (Volex) and
Fluosol-DA •••• ••••• •• •• • •• ••• •• ••••• •••• . ••• •• •• •• • • ••• 109
T. Shinozuka, E.M. Nemoto and P.M. Winter
Oxygen Transport to Renal Tissue: Effect of Oxygen Carriers 117
G. Gronow, Th. Kelting, Ch. Skrezek, J.v.d. Plas
and J.C. Bakker
Highly Polymerized Human Haemoglobin as an Oxygen-carrying
Blood Substitute •• • •••• . ••• •••••• • •• ••••• ••••• •• • •• •••• 129
W.K.R. Barnikol and O.Burkhard
MODELLING
Oxygen Boundary Crossing Probabilities 135
N.A. Busch and I.A. Silver
In vivo Recruitment of Mitochondrial V02: Test of Current
Models using Tissue Data • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• • • • • • •• • •• • • 141
R.J. Connett
A Comparison of a Four Wavelength Analysis and Multicomponent
Wave-length Analysis Applied to Determination of
Haemoglobin Saturation • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • 153
F. Degner and T.E.J. Gayeski
Time Courses of Erythrocytic Oxygenation in Capillaries of the
Lung: Lower and Upper Bounds on Red Cell Transit Times ••• 165
K. Groebe and G. Thews
Diffusion Pathways in Oxygen Supply of Cardiac Muscle 171
L. Hoofd, Z. Turek and K. Rakusan
Simulation of the Point Spread Function for Light in Tissue
by a Monte Carlo Technique ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 179
P. van der Zee and D.T. Delpy
Use of Adair Four-step Kinetics in Mathematical Simulation
of Oxygen Transport in the Microcirculation .••••••••••• 193
E.W. Yap and J.D. Hellums
PHYSIOLOGY
Arterial Obstruction Induced by PAF-acether (1-0-alkyl-SN-
glycero-3-phosphocholine) ••••••.••••••••••••.•••••••••• 209
R.H. Bourgain, R. Andries, C. Bourgain and P. Braquet
Anti-anaphylactic Properties of BN 52021: A Potent Platelet
Activating Factor Antagonist ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 215
P. Braquet and R.H. Bourgain
viii
Role of hypoxia and acetylcholine in the regulation of
cerebral blood flow •• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 237
E. D6ra and A.G.B. Kovach
Adaptation to Hypoxia 249
1. S. Longmuir
Changes in the Endoplasmic Reticulum following Exposure
to Hypoxia • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . . • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • . 255
W.F. Betts and I.S. Longmuir
Cerebral Microcirculatory Changes during Exposure to Hypoxia 259
P. Weinbrecht, I. Longmuir, J. Knopp and M. Mills
Metabolic, Ionic and Electrical Activities during and after
Incomplete or Complete Cerebral Isthaemia in the
Mongolian Gerbil • • • . • • • • • . • • . . • . . • • . . • • • • • • • • • . • • • • . • • • 265
A. Mayevsky and N. Zarchin
Inside a Quantitative Analysis of In Vivo near Infrared
Moni toring • . • . • . . • • • . • . • • • • • . • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . . • • • • . 275
F. Carta, M. Ferarri and I. Giannini
Near-infrared Spectrophotometric Monitoring of Haemoglobin
and Cyto-chrome a,a3 In Situ ••.•.••.••••..••..•.••••• 283
o. Hazeki, A. Seiyama and M. Tamura
Simultaneous Measurement of Haemoglobin Oxygenation of Brain
and Skeletal Muscle of Rat In Vivo by Near-infrared
Spectrophotometry •• • • • • • • • . • . • •• • . • • . • . • . . . • • •• • ••• • . • • 291
A. Seiyama, o. Hazeki and M. Tamura
Spectroscopic Characteristics of Rat Skeletal and Cardiac
Tissues in the Visible and Near-infrared Region •••••••• 297
M. Tamura, A. Seiyama and o. Hazeki
Non-invasive Near-infrared Measurements of Human Arm
Tissues In Vivo • • • . • • • • • . • . • • . • . • . . • • • . • • . • . . • . . • . • . • . • 301
M. Takada, ~ Tamura and M. Tamura
The Effect of Intracellular Oxygen Concentration on
Ventricular Fibrillation in Perfused Rat Heart 305
M. Makiguchi, H. Kawaguchi, H. Yasuda and M. Tamura
Comparison of Intracellular P02 and Conditions for
Blood-Tissue 02 Transport in Heart and Working
Red Skeletal Muscle • • • • . . • . • . • . • • • . . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • 309
C.R. Honig and T.E.J. Gayeski
Dynamic Structure of Phospholipid Bilayers on the Path for
Oxygen Diffusion in the Ox Lung ••••..••.••••..•.••.•.•. 323
T. Koyama and T. Araiso
Effects of Temperature on Oxygen Transfer Conductance of
Human Red Blood Cells ••••••....•...•.•..•..•.•....•.... 331
J. Piiper, K. Yamaguchi and P. Scheid
Oxygen Tension and Sperm Migration in the Female Bed Bug 337
A. Ruknudin and I.A. Silver
ix
OXYGEN TOXICITY
Surfactant in Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity....................... 345
S. Armbruster, J. Klein, E.M. Stouten, W. Erdmann
and B. Lachmann
Acute Respiratory Failure Induced by Tracheal Instillation
of Xanthine Oxidase, its Prevention and Therapy by
Exogenous Surfactant Instillation •••••••••••••••••••••• 351
B. Lachmann, O.D. Saugstad, J. Klein, and W. Erdmann
Endotoxin Protection against Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity
and Plasma Prostaglandin Levels in the Rat ••••••••••••• 355
J. Klein, A. Trouwborst and W. Erdmann
Survival Time of Rats Exposed to Different High Oxygen
Pressures after Administration of Perfluorochemicals 359
M. Stark and J. Lutz
Effect of Antioxidants on the Biochemical Response in the
Oxygen-exposed Rat •• • •• • • • • • • • •• • • • • • • • • •• ••• •. . . •• • ••• 365
N.R. Webster and C. Toothill
TUMOURS
Tumour Blood Flow following Local Ultrasound Heating Computed
from Thermal Clearance Curves •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 373
R.D. Braun, T.K. Goldstick, M. Kluge, F. Kallinowski,
P. Vaupel and S.C. George
Oxygen Consuming Regions in EMT60/Ro Multicellular Tumour
Spheroids Determined by Nonlinear Regression Analysis
of Experimental P02 Profiles ••••••••••••.•••••••••••• 381
T.K. Goldstick, W. Mueller-Klieser, B. Bourrat
and L.A. Jurman
Oxygen Consumption Rate of Tumour Cells as a Function of their
Proliferative Status ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 389
S. Walenta and W. Mueller-Klieser
Blood Flow, Vascular Resistance and Oxygen Availability in
Malignant Tumours upon Intravenous Flunarizine ••••••••• 393
P. Vaupel and H. Menke
Author index 399
Subject index 401
x