Overview of Harmful Algal Blooms: A Global Perspective

48 Pages·2016·5.33 MB·English

by  Raphael Kudela

Overview of Harmful Algal
Blooms: A Global Perspective
Arabian Peninsula
China
Raphael Kudela South Africa
University of California Santa Cruz

Summary & Key Points
• HABs result from noxious and/or toxic algae that cause direct
and indirect negative impacts to aquatic ecosystems, coastal
resources, and human health.
• HABs are present in nearly all aquatic environments as
naturally occurring phenomena.
• Many HABs are increasing in severity and frequency, and
biogeographical range. Some of this expansion is attributed
to climate change and global change.
• Research has improved understanding, leading to better
prediction and monitoring, and potentially, mitigation.
• HABs are a worldwide phenomenon requiring international
understanding leading ultimately to local and regional
solutions.
• HABs must be integrated with policy decisions.
• HABs result from noxious and/or toxic algae that cause
direct and indirect negative impacts to aquatic
ecosystems, coastal resources, and
human health
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“…this has been the deadliest red
tide for state abalone in at least
three decades.”
Press Democrat, 7-Sep-11
Blooms and Water Quality are Linked
September 2009—53
year old woman diving in
Monterey suffered from
bilateral mastoiditis (ear
infections penetrating to
the brain).
Retrospective analysis
linked high pathogen
loads to red tides.
Honner, Kudela & Handler
(2012), J. Emergency Medicine
Jessup et al. 2009, PLoS-ONE