Table Of ContentCUMULATIVE INDEX 2000
Volume 9
MARCH FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES, pages 1-102
JUNE CLOSED KINETIC CHAIN EVALUATION AND REHABILITATION,
pages 103-273
SEPTEMBER COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE, pages 275-465
DECEMBER EXERCISE TECHNOLOGIES, pages 467-612
Note: Page numbers of issue and article titles are in boldface type.
Abdominal hollowing maneuver, and sham, 435, 437
bridging exercises, 533 sympatholytic effect of, 435
and initiative training of transversus traditional Chinese concepts in,
abdominis, 531-534 429-431
substitution patterns to avoid in, Aerobic exercise, in low back pain,
532-533 542-544
Abdominals, 122 Agility training, using Fastex
Acceleration compensation, resultant computerized training system,
joint moments and, 565—566 201-202
Activities of Daily Living Scale, 25-26 Alt-HealthWatch, 451
Acuity of patient, influence of, on American Medical Association, American
physical therapy outcomes, 37-53 Physiotherapy Association and, 444
Acupuncture, and physical therapy, website of, 451
429-442 American Physical Therapy Association,
bibliography on, 452 guide of. See Guide to Physical
brain and spinal cord model of, Therapist Practice.
431-434 American Physical Therapy Association’s
clinical studies of, 436-438 Model Practice Act, 307
delivery of care issues associated with, American Physiotherapy Association,
439 American Medical Association and,
endorphin explanation of, 434—435 444
James Barrett Reston and, 444 Amino acids, conditionally essential, 324
modern physiologic aspects of, Anatomy, functional, review of, 121-124
431-435 Ankle, torque at, 154—155
National Institutes of Health and, 444 Anterior cruciate ligament,
points for, 430, 432 reconstruction of, kinetic chain
characteristics of, 435 strengthening programs following,
relationship to hypnosis, 435 159-160
safety of, 436 outcome studies in, 166
597
598 CUMULATIVE INDEX 2000
Anterior cruciate ligament (Continued) Cardiovascular system, health of, Tai Chi
standing weight-bearing closed and, 368-369
kinetic chain testing in, 111-112 Care delivery, analysis of, staff analysis
strains of, kinetic chain activities and, and, in outcomes system, 77—78
155-157 Care management system, analysis of, in
Anthropometry, Pilates-based outcomes system, 77
rehabilitation and, 409 Care process, continuous quality
Apartheid medicine, 276, 284 improvement in, implementation of,
Arginine, for supplementation during 74-78
recovery, 324—325 Ch’i, concept of, 294
Asana, yoga and, neurophysiology of, holistic health care and, 294
347-349 Child Health Questionnaire, 25
Athrogenic muscle inhibition, 125-126 Chinese medicine, body emitting energy
Average strength maps, 575 and, 294
Awareness Through Movement, 378-379 traditional reviews of literature on, 452
Axial alignment and stabilization, Chromium, 331
resultant joint moments and, 566 Cincinnati-Noyes Knee Rating System,
Ayurveda, literature on, 452-453 166-169, 170-171
Clinical Measures of Functional
Outcomes: Functional Tool Box, 94
Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews,
451
Cochrane Library, Cochrane Controlled
Back pain, low. See Low back pain.
Trials Register on, 451
Balance, and prevention of falls, yoga in,
Collagen, 364-365
352
Complementary medicine, and
gravitational influence theory of, 348
alternative medicine. See also
kinesthesia, and proprioception testing,
Holistic health care.
105-106
appraisal of, ethics and, 456-457
proprioception and, 556
challenges of, 450-451
Bi syndromes, 432
evolution of, in United States,
Bilateral deficit, 552
Biodex stability system, upper extremity 275-289
growth of, 444-445
closed kinetic chain stance stability
in healing, science behind, 291-302
test using, 227-228
interaction of movement science
3iomechanical studies, during elastic
resistance exercise, 588-589 with, 447-448
interaction with physical therapy,
Body composition, resistance training
and western medical model,
and, 483
Bohr, Niels, 296 446-447
movement and motor learning and,
Bones, tai chi and, 367-368
Breathing, and posture, in Feldenkrais 449-450
interventions of, criteria for selection
method, research literature on, 380
of, 457
methodology of, 453-455
physical therapists and, risk for,
450-457
physical therapy and, 445-446
Cardiac dimensions, alterations of, randomized controlled trials of,
associated with resistance training, subject selection and design for,
484 455-456
Cardiorespiratory system, health of, Tai rehabilitation and, 295
Chi and, 368-369 research issues in, for physical
Cardiovascular fitness, walking and, 1 therapists, 450
CUMULATIVE INDEX 2000 599
research on, evidence for validation Creatine phosphate, 330
of, 453—455 Cross-education, and neuromuscular
researching of effectiveness of, strength changes, 552—553
299-300 Crutches, bilateral axillary, partial weight
scientific foundations of, 295-297 bearing using, 190, 191
websites of, 453, 454 Cybex open kinetic chain computerized
and research in orthopaedic practice, testing system, 251, 252, 262
establishment of model for use of,
443-460
in orthopaedic physical therapy,
275-460
Concentric assistance, and eccentric Daily Living Scale of Knee Outcome
overload, 525 Surgery, 166, 175-178
Concentric contraction(s), 515, 585 Davies closed kinetic chain upper
Concentric contraction coupling, versus extremity stability test, 224-225, 226
eccentric, 516 Descartes, Rene, 293
Concentric strength, and eccentric Deweighted ambulation on treadmill, for
strength, differences in, 522-523 patients with low back pain, 543
Concentric training, and eccentric Difference maps, 575
training, and muscular strength Dynamic control ratio map, 575
development, 523 Dynamic exercises, in standing position,
Conditioning exercises, for lower 540
extremity, 541-542 Dynamometers, isokinetic, 563-564
Condroitin sulfate, 332—333 Dynamometry, evaluation of
Confidence maps, 576 neuromuscular performance using,
Connective tissue, healing of, effects of 563-580
operational basis of, 564—566
nutrition on, 322
Dynamometry data, analysis of, 578-579
energy requirements for, 323
micronutrients in, 325
mineral requirements for, 325
protein requirements for, 323-324
vitamins in, 326
Eccentric contraction(s), 515, 585
Pilates-based rehabilitation and,
and muscle damage, 519-521
406-408 bioenergetics of, 519-521
Contraction coupling, eccentric versus in plyometrics, 523-524
concentric, 516 Eccentric contraction coupling, versus
Contraction physiology, basic, 515-516
concentric, 516
Core, definition of, 120 Eccentric exercise, role of, in
strength of, assessment of, 126 strengthening of muscles, 515-527
Core (trunk) stabilization, closed kinetic Eccentric overload, concentric assistance
chain rehabilitation and, 119-135 and, 525
guidelines for, 128-129 Eccentric strength, and concentric
muscular imbalances and, 124-125 strength, differences in, 522-523
neuromuscular considerations and, heavy negatives for, 524—!
125-126 Eccentric training, and concentric
postural considerations and, 124 training, and muscular strength
training, scientific rationale for, 127 development, 523
training concepts, 120-121 and injury prevention, 521-522
training program, 130 Einstein, Albert, 296, 307
Creatine, 330 Elastic, as material, 582
supplementation with, to improve cyclic deformation of, 584
performance, 471 effects of temperature on, 584
600 CUMULATIVE INDEX 2000
Elastic (Continued) elastic resistance, biomechanical
for resistance training, 581, 584—585 studies during, 588-589
resistance provided by, 582 electromyographic studies during,
retractive stress of, 582 588
side effect of, 583 following injury of illness,
velocity effects of, 583-584 establishment of plan for, 185,
Elastic exercise training, 581-595 186
clinical applications of, 589-590 horizontal side support, muscle
clinical trials of, 589 activity in quadratus lumborum
dosage of, 590-593 ana, 536
dose resistance and, 591-592 in musculoskeletal impairments,
duration of, factors influencing, 593 benefits of, 2
intensity of, 590 isokinetic, 564, 584
load and effort and, 584—586 isolation, 152
research on, 587—589 and kinetic chain exercises,
Elastic resistance exercise, biomechanical biomechanical differences in,
studies during, 588-589 155-160
electromyographic studies during, isometic, 584
588 isotonic, 584
Elbows, prone on, 237 kinetic chain. See Kinetic chain
Elderly patients, exercise training in, 1 exercises.
Electromyogram, mean integrated values, low back pain and, 2
of pectoralis major and triceps, lower extremity, selection and
measurement of, motor learning
213
Electromyographic studies, during elastic principles and, 145-147
resistance exercise, 588 neuromuscular control, 538-540
Electromyography map, 572-573, 576 plyometric, 560
Energy, whole body, 294 use of elastic in, 590
regular, and dysfunction or disability,
Energy medicine. See Complementary
medicine, and alternative medicine. 2,11
resistance. See Hesistance exercise.
Energy requirements, and protein
stabilization, progression of, 541
requirements, during rehabilitation,
strengthening, for patients with low
328-329
back pain, 531-538
in connective tissue healing, 323
therapeutic, definition of, 185
Erector spinae muscles, in stabilization of
yoga and, 355
spine, 534
upper extremity, on therapy ball,
Euroglide frontal plane exercises,
538-539
258-260, 261 selection and measurement of, motor
Exercise(s), aerobic, in low back pain, learning principles and, 144-145
542-544 Exercise history, and health status
and health-related quality of life, 11 outcomes, in musculoskeletal
bridging, and abdominal hollowing impairment. See Musculoskeletal
maneuver, 533 impairments.
classification of, based on kinetic Exercise prescription, decisions for,
chain, 249 187
conditioning, for lower extremity, in low back pain, 540
541-542 Exercise technology, 467-595
dynamic, in standing position, 540 Exercise training, elastic. See Elastic
eastern physiology of, 347 exercise training.
eccentric, role of, in strengthening of in elderly patients, 1
muscles, 515-527 Exertion scale, perceived, rating of,
elastic, load and effort in, 584—586 592
CUMULATIVE INDEX 2000 601
Extension exercises, for training of Functional anatomy, review of,
multifidus and erector spinae, 121-124
534-536 Functional Disability Inventory, 25
Extremities. See Lower extremity(ies); Functional improvement, measurement
Upper extremity(ies). of, physical therapy outcomes and,
45—46
Functional Independence Measure for
Children, 23, 24
Functional Integration, 378
Functional Interference Estimate, 95
Falls, tai chi and, 369-370 Functional outcomes, 1-97
Fastex computerized interactive measurement of, physical therapy
functional training simulations, 106, outcomes and, 38, 46-47
257 Functional rehabilitation, integrated
Fastex computerized interactive approach to, 261—263
functional training system, upper Functional strength, 119
extremity closed kinetic chain stance Functional testing algorithm, 103-105,
stability test using, 225, 9, 227 262-263
Fastex computerized neuromuscular basic examination measurements and,
assessment system, 106, 107, 108 104-105
Fastex computerized training system, criteria for, 104
agility training using, 201-202 progression in, guidelines for, 105
Feldenkrais, Moshe, 376 specificity testing and, 116
Feldenkrais method, 375-394 Functional testing algorithm
focus of, 375 rehabilitation program, closed kinetic
functional mebility and quality of life, chain, 257, 259
381
historical background of, 376
pain management and, research
literature on, 379-380
philosophic and theoretic background
of, 376-377 Glucosamine sulfate, 331-332, 333
posture and breathing and, research Glutamine, for supplementation during
literature on, 380 recovery, 324—325
practice using, analysis of, 381-384 Gluteus maximus, 123
range of motion and muscle activity strengthening of, in low back pain, 542
and, research literature on, 380 Glycoproteins, 365
research literature on, 379-381 Golgi tendon organ, 558-559
training and practice in, 377-379 Growth factors, insulin-like, resistance
use of, case presentations of, training and, 481
384-392 Guide to Physical Therapist Practice, 17
Fiber type recruitment, proprioception and levels of functional limitations and
and, 553-555 disability, 21
Financial risk, assumed by physical and satisfaction and prevention, 21
therapy providers, 70 classification of musculoskeletal
Fitter frontal plane exercises, 258-260 conditions by, 18, 19
Flexed-arm hang, 222 measurement and application of pain
Flexibility, resistance training and, outcomes to, 89-97
484 pain as specific test measure in, 90
Force, gradation of, proprioception and, preferred practice patterns of, and
550 pain, 90-91
Force elongation curves, for resistance Guide to Physical Therapy Practice, 307,
levels, 588—589, 590 308
602 CUMULATIVE INDEX 2000
H/Q ratio map, 575 political activities and, 285-286
Health care, countervailing forces in, recommendations for, 284—287
278-279 research and, 285
crisis in, onset of, 276-277 state and local governments and, 280
increasing hostilities associated with, struggle for legitimacy, 292-293
277-278 totality of person in, 294
Health care market, change in access to, Holistic theory, 297
305-306 Holistic therapies, focus of attention of,
change in criteria for care in, 305 298, 300
change in focus of, 304-305 mind/body connection of, 298-299
mandate to serve, 306-311 Hop test, single leg, using closed kinetic
musculoskeletal health and, 306 chain testing, 112-114
Health-related quality of life, 2 Horizontal side support, muscle activity
exercise and, 11 in quadratus lumborum and, 536
measures of, as measures of health Hyaluronic acid, 365
status, 11, 12 Hypnosis, relationship of acupuncture to,
Health status, measures of, health-related 435
quality of life measures as, 11, 12
Health status outcomes, exercise history
and, in musculoskeletal impairment.
See Musculoskeletal impairments.
Healthy People 2000, 311 Immune system, movement, tai chi and,
Heart rates, resting, resistance training 363-364
and, 483 Injury prevention, eccentric training and,
Heavy negative exercise, eccentric 521-522
strength for, 524-525 International Knee Documentation
Herbal supplements, 321-322 Committee, 173-175
Hip, muscles of, and torque, 153-154 Isokinetic dynamometers, 563-564
Isokinetic exercise, 564, 584
Hipp isotonics, stance limb for
Isokinetics, 188
stabilization in, 193, 194
closed chain, 197, 198
Holism, 456
Isolation exercise(s), 152
Holistic health care, alliance-building
and kinetic chain exercises,
and, 285
biomechanical differences in,
biomedical community and, 286-287
155-160
ch’i and, 294
Isometric exercise, 584
consumers and, 281-282
Isotonic exercise, 584
education and, 285
Isovelocity data, 565—566
Federal government and, 279-280
HMOs and, 281
holistic physicians and osteopaths and,
283
hospitals and, 282 Jogging, for patients with low back pain,
increasing interest in, 279 543-544
insurance companies and managed Joint(s), approximation of, with Swiss
care plans and, 280-281 Ball, 235-237
legitimacy of, 278 multiple, involvement in closed kinetic
mainstreaming of, 279 chain exercises, 214-215
media coverage of, 281 restrictions of, monitoring of, during
medical journals and, 282 closed kinetic chain rehabilitation,
medical schools and, 282—283 258-260
nonphysician holistic practitioners stability of, closed kinetic chain
and, 283 exercises and, 213-214
CUMULATIVE INDEX 2000 603
Joint moments, resultant, 564—565 load conditanid,o 1n5 2
acceleration compensation and, neuraospmecto oft, o160r—16 1
565-566 Kinetic chain movemecnlots,ed ,
and moment of weight correction, 209-210
565 Kinetic chain physical education and
axial aligannd smtaebilnizattio n fitness tests, for upper extremities,
and, 566 219-223
Jump test, double legged, using closed Kinetic chain rehabilitatciloosne,d,
kinetic chain testi1n12g, ,11 3 103-267
Juvenile Arthritis Functional! Status advpahasne ocf,e 199d-2 02
Index, 24-25 advantaofg,e 2s5 82
and assessment2,! —260
methofo, 2d57—s26 0
begiphnasen ofi, n189g-19 6
controlled range-of-motion activities
Kinetic chain, closed, definition of,
in, 190-193
151-152 core (trunk) stabilization and,
versus open kinetic chain,
119-135
operational definition of,
in intermediate phase of
137-139 rehabilitation, 196—197, 199
exercise classifibacsaedt oin,o 2n4 9 intermpheased oif,a 19t6-e19 9
infolf, oun teorqnue gceneerat ed
moniotf mouscrle iimbnalagnce s
during exercise, 153-155
and joint restrictions during,
open, definitoif,o 1n5 1
258-260
versus Closed kinetchiaicn ,
of lower extremity, clinical
operational definition of,
applicoaf,t 1i85o-2n07
137-139
ratifoorn, a25l1-e25 7
partial, 210
open, rationfoar,l 2e5 1
strengthening programs, effectiveness
open and closed, comparien dkn,e e
of, 159-160
conditions, 261—262
Kinetic chain clinical rehabilitation tests
integrated, 261-263
closed, of upper extremi22t3—y2,87
inteapprgoacrh tao, stcienetifdic a nd
Kinetic chain exercisaned (issol)at,io n
clinical ratioforn, a24l7-e26 7
exercises, biomechanical differences
Kinetic chain stability test, closed, of
in, 155-160
classificaotfi, o1n52 upper extremoif Dtavyi,es ,
closed, biomecahnad pnhyisicolsog y 226
Kinchaein ttermiinoclog y, 151-152, 209,
of, 212—216
characterisotfi,c 2s12 210
clinical applicaoft,i 1o43n-1s47 in classifsyistcema ftori houmna n
in upper extremities, application of, movement2,10
anatomic features to consider Kinetic chain testing, closed, advantages
for, 231-233 of, 106—109
biomechaandn pihyscioalolgi c and open, compared, 111
baosf, i209s-21 8 functional testing using, 112-116
clinical applicoaf,t 2i31o-2n45 limitatoifo,n 1s1 0
quantifofi mucscaultari acotinvi ty Linea computerized isokinetic,
during, 233-234 109-110, 262
neurophysmiootolr ocogntirocl a,n d sciaendn clitnicial rfatiionacle f or
motor learbasnis oif,n 137g-14 9 using, 106-109
theoorn,i 24e8—s25 0 standing weight-beairn ianntegri,o r
definitofi,o 1n5 2 cruciate reconstructions
disambodeil alndi, 1t39y-14 0 111-112
604 CUMULATIVE INDEX 2000
Kinetic chain testing (continued) Low back pain, aerobic exercise for
supine or semisitting, Linea patients with, 542-544
computerized isokinetic, as prevalent and costly problem, 38
109-110 deweighted ambulation on treadmill
open, 110 in, 543
and closed, compared, 111 early active treatment for, 37-38
Kinetic chain testing techniques, closed, exercise and, 2
of lower extremities, 165-183 ~. exercise prescription in, 540
of upper extremities, 219-229 : jogging in, 543-544
Kinetic chain training, closed, for upper physical therapy intervention for,
extremity, 235 timing of, 38
specific application of, 235-243 role of muscle strength in, 529-547
Kinetic chain unilateral stance stability running in, 543-544
testing, closed, of upper extremity, strengthening exercises for patients
225-228 with, 531-538
Knee, altered reaction to stress, 156-157 strengthening of gluteus maximus in,
conditions of, open and closed kinetic 542
chain rehabilitation in, compared, walking for patients with, 543
261-262 Lower extremity(ies), clinical application
injuries or surgeries of, rehabilitation of closed kinetic chain exercises in,
in, 247 185-207
knee extensor and knee flexor strength closed kinetic chain testing techniques
maps and, 575-576 of, 165-183
ligament of, subjective outcome studies conditioning exercises, 541—542
of, 166 exercises for, selection and
strength maps of, testing protocol for, measurement of, motor learning
568-574 principles and, 145-147
torque produced by, 154 functional performance tests, 178-182
Knee Ligament Standard Evaluation kinetic chain exercises in,
Form, 166 biomechanical and physiologic
Knee Outcome Surgery, Daily Living factors of, 151-163
Scale of, 166, 175-178 subjective and objective performance
tests of, 165-182
subjective questionnaires to assess
problems, 165-175
Lateral stepup, 193, 195 Lower extremity functional test,
LEFT test, 114-115 114-115
Leg press, bilateral, 254 Lower Extremity Outpatient Outcome
compensation on, valgus knee Form, 26-27
alignment on, 198, 199, 200 use of, case study illustrating, 28-29
single leg isolation on, 197 Lumbopelvic-hip complex, 120
unilateral, 254 Lunges, forward, using hand weights or
Leg press isotonics, graded, 192 dumbbells, 198, 199
Leg stance, single, on unstable surface,
198, 201
Ligament, anterior cruciate. See Anterior
cruciate ligament.
Linea computerized isokinetic closed Managed care, physical therapy providers
kinetic chain testing, 109-110, 262 and, 69
Literature, medical, review of, how to Market pressures, physical therapy
conduct, 451 providers and, 69-70
Load, external, classification system for responding to, 71—74
human movement based on, 210-211 McGill pain questionnaire, 94
CUMULATIVE INDEX 2000 605
MEDLINE, of National Library of contraction of, concentric, 55 15,
Medicine, 452 585
MedWeb, 452 eccentric, 515, 585
Melatonin, 334 walk-along mechanisms for, 516
Minerals, requirements for, in connective damage to, eccentric contractions and,
tissue healing, 325 919—521
Mobility, functional, and quality of life, electromyographic activity of, yoga
in Feldenkrais method, 381 and, 350
Modified Lysholm Knee Score, 166-167, erector spinae, in stabilization of spine,
169 534
Modified Noyes Knee Questionnaire, 166, force-velocity relationship of, 152
169, 172-173 imbalances of, monitoring of, during
Motor control considerations, motor closed kinetic chain rehabilitation,
learning and, 140-143 258-260
Motor learning, and motor control leverage and, 153
considerations, 140-143 mechanical factors of, 152
and trunk control, associated with mechanics and mechanical advantage
Pilates-based rehabilitation, of, 153
396-401 multifidus, in stabilization of spine,
definition of, 140
534
principles of, selection and multisegmental, of spine, 530
measurement of lower extremity oblique abdominal, in stabilization of
exercises and, 145-147 spine, 536-538
selection and measurement of upper skeletal, muscle force-velocity curve of,
extremity exercises and, size principle and, 554
144-145 Pilates-based rehabilitation and,
Movement, and immune system, tai chi
408—409
and, 363-364 strength development of, eccentric
human, classification system for, based
and concentric training and,
on boundary condition and
523
external load, 210, 211
strength of, low back pain and,
based on boundary condition and
529-547
load applied, 210-211
strengthening of, role of eccentric
kinetic chain terminology in,
exercise in, 515-527
210 transversospinalis group of, 121
Movement science, interaction with
complementary and alternative Muscle fiber(s), nonoxidative, 553
oxidative, 553
medicine, 447-448
Muscle performance, muscle fiber
Movement therapies, 443
Moxibustion, in acupuncture, 431 recruitment and, 551
Multifidus and erector spinae, training of, Musculoskeletal conditions, and
orthopaedic conditions, tai chi and,
for extension exercises, 5 34-536
Multifidus muscles, in stabilization of 362
spine, 534 functional changes in, 21
Multiple sclerosis, rehabilitation in, impairments assessment in, 20-21
benefits in, 2 in pediatric physical therapy practice,
Muscle(s), action of, and adaptations to 17-18
resistance exercise, 487 and changing health care industry,
activity of, range of motion and, in 18-20
Feldenkrais method, research evaluation of effects of intervention
literature on, 380 on, 20-21
cocontraction of, in closed kinetic Oregon system and, 19-20
chain exercises, 212—213 outcome data and, 20
606 CUMULATIVE INDEX 2000
Musculoskeletal conditions (Continued) Newtonian physics, 296, 297
outcomes in, 17-36 Nutrients, bioavailability of, 328
and secondary prevention, 22—23 Nutrition, effects of, on connective tissue
disability and, 21-22, 24-26 healing, 322
examination of acceptance of, in orthopaedic physical therapy,
30-32 321-339
examination of feasibility of, Nutritional supplements, 321—322
30-31
examination of fragmentation
of, 32
examination of sensitivity of, 31
functional limitations and, 21—22, Oblique abdominal muscles, in
stabilization of spine, 536-538
24-26
levels of, 20—23 Orthopaedic conditions, and
musculoskeletal conditions, tai chi
measures of, 24-26
and, 362
new outcome instruments and,
Orthopaedic physical therapy,
26-27
patient/client satisfaction with, complementary medicine in,
22, 26 275-460
studies of, 23-24 incorporation of yoga therapeutics into,
successful, goals of, 23 341-359
Musculoskeletal health, health care potential pathways for, 352-356
market and, 306 nutritional considerations in,
Musculoskeletal impairments, exercise 321-339
Orthopaedic population, prevention and
in, benefits of, 2
impact of exercise history on health wellness for, 303-319
status outcomes in, 1-16 Orthopaedic rehabilitation, outpatient,
data analyses in, 8-11 improvement of care in, internally
design of study of, 2 gathered outcome data for, 69-88
limitations of study of, 12-13 Orthopaedic Sports, Incorporated, care
outcomes instruments and, 3-8 management system of, 79-81
procedures for study of, 3 improvement in working with
results of, 8-11 referral sources in, 85-86
subjects in study of, 2-3, 4-7 improvement of clinical care in, 85
Musculoskeletal system, tai chi and, payer groups and, 87
staff response to, 87
364-368
commitment of physical therapists in,
81-82
market need influencing, 79
outcome analysis by, results of,
National Institutes of Health, 85-87
acupuncture and, 444 training and implementation process
Nervous tissue, Pilates-based of, 82
rehabilitation and, 408 use of outcomes by, 82—85
Neural adaptation, and resistance Oswestry Low Back Scale, 91
training, 551-552 Outcome data, internally gathered, to
Neuromuscular control exercises, improve care in outpatient
538-540 orthopaedic rehabilitation, 69-88
Neuromuscular efficiency, 119 Outcome study, analysis of variance in,
Neuromuscular performance, evaluation two-way mixed effects of, 67
of, using dynamometry, 563-580 example of, 64-68
Neuromuscular training, reactive, 589 external threats to, 62—64
Newton, Sir Isaac, 293 pain study as example of, 64—68
