Organic Agricultural Practices: Alternatives to Conventional Agricultural Systems

411 Pages·2014·5.04 MB·English

by  Kimberly Etingoff

Organic Agricultural Practices
Organic Agricultural Practices
Organic Agricultural Practices E
Alternatives to Conventional Agricultural Systems Et
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Kimberly Etingoff
ISBN: 978-1-77188-082-4
ISBN: 978-1-77188-0829-40000
ISBN: 978-1-77188-0829-40000
90000
9 781771 880824
9 781771 880824
www.appleacademicpress.com 9 781771 880824
ORGANIC AGRICULTURAL
PRACTICES
ALTERNATIVES TO CONVENTIONAL
AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS

ORGANIC AGRICULTURAL
PRACTICES
ALTERNATIVES TO CONVENTIONAL
AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS
Edited by
Kimberly Etingoff
Apple Academic Press
TORONTO NEW JERSEY
CRC Press Apple Academic Press, Inc
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ABOUT THE EDITOR
KIMBERLY ETINGOFF
Kimberly Etingoff's background includes city and regional planning,
farming, food systems programming, sociology, and urban geography. She
studied at the University of Rochester, New York, and Tufts University,
Boston, Massachusetts, and has done extensive field work with food sys-
tems and agricultural sociology. She has been writing and editing academ-
ic and educational books on topics such as nutrition, farming, and aspects
of sociology for more than ten years.

CONTENTS
Acknowledgment and How to Cite ..................................................xi
List of Contributors .......................................................................xiii
Introduction ....................................................................................xix
Part I: Organic Agricultural Results Compared with Conventional
Agriculture
1. Evaluating the Sustainability of a Small-Scale Low-Input Organic
Vegetable Supply System in the United Kingdom ...................................1
Mads V. Markussen, Michal Kulak, Laurence G. Smith, Thomas Nemecek,
and Hanne Østergård
2. Soil Organisms in Organic and Conventional Cropping Systems .......39
Wagner Bettiol, Raquel Ghini, José Abrahão Haddad Galvão,
Marcos Antônio Vieira Ligo, and Jeferson Luiz de Carvalho Mineiro
3. Localizing the Nitrogen Imprint of the Paris Food Supply:
The Potential of Organic Farming and Changes in Human Diet ........61
G. Billen, J. Garnier, V. Thieu, M. Silvestre, S. Barles, and P. Chatzimpiros
4. Comparative Growth Analysis of Callistephus Chinensis L. Using
Vermicompost and Chemical Fertilizer ................................................. 85
Dulal Chandra Das
5. Comparison of the Farming System and Carbon Sequestration
between Conventional and Organic Rice Production in West Java,
Indonesia .................................................................................................. 95
Masakazu Komatsuzaki and M. Faiz Syuaib
Part II: Biofertilizers
6. Residual Infl uence of Organic Materials, Crop Residues, and
Biofertilizers on Performance of Succeeding Mung Bean in an
Organic Rice-Based Cropping System .................................................113
Mohammadreza Davari, Shri Niwas Sharma, and Mohammad Mirzakhani
viii Contents
7. Evaluation of Biofertilizers in Irrigated Rice: Effects on Grain Yield
at Different Fertilizer Rate ....................................................................133
Niño Paul Meynard Banayo, Pompe C. Sta. Cruz, Edna A. Aguilar,
Rodrigo B. Badayos, and Stephan M. Haefele
8. Effects of Fertilizer and Plant Density on Yield and Quality of
Anise (Pimpinella Anisum L.).................................................................151
Mahdi Faravani, Behjat Salari, Mostafa Heidari, Mohammad Taghi Kashki,
and Barat Ali Gholami
9. Microbial Diversity of Vermicompost Bacteria that Exhibit Useful
Agricultural Traits and Waste Management Potential .......................159
Jayakumar Pathma and Natarajan Sakthivel
Part III: Plant Cultivars in Organic Agriculture
10. Characteristics Important for Organic Breeding
of Vegetable Crops .................................................................................209
Jasmina Zdravkovic, Nenad Pavlovic, Zdenka Girek, Milan Zdravkovic,
and Dejan Cvikic
11. Collaborative Plant Breeding for Organic Agricultural Systems
in Developed Countries ..........................................................................221
Julie C. Dawson, Pierre Rivière, Jean-François Berthellot, Florent Mercier,
Patrick de Kochko, Nathalie Galic, Sophie Pin, Estelle Serpolay, Mathieu Thomas,
Simon Giuliano, and Isabelle Goldringer
12. Phenotypic Changes in Different Spinach Varieties Grown and
Selected under Organic Conditions .....................................................247
Estelle Serpolay, Nicolas Schermann, Julie Dawson, Edith T. Lammerts van Bueren,
Isabelle Goldringer, and Véronique Chable
Part IV: Environmental Effects of Organic Agriculture
13. Soil Enzyme Activities, Microbial Communities, and Carbon and
Nitrogen Availability in Organic Agroecosystems Across an
Intensively-Managed Agricultural Landscape .....................................275
Timothy M. Bowles, Veronica Acosta-Martínez, Francisco Calderón,
and Louise E. Jackson
14. Nitrate Leaching from Intensive Organic Farms
to Groundwater ......................................................................................309
O. Dahan, A. Babad, N. Lazarovitch, E. E. Russak, and D. Kurtzman
Contents ix
15. Improving Nitrogen Use Effi ciency in Crops for Sustainable
Agriculture .............................................................................................331
Bertrand Hirel, Thierry Tétu, Peter J. Lea, and Frédéric Dubois
Author Notes ....................................................................................................375
Index .................................................................................................................379