Ophthalmic Ultrasonography: Expert Consult - Online and Print

213 Pages·2011·60.551 MB·English

by  Arun D. Singh, Brandy H. Lorek ROUB CDOS

Ophthalmic
Ultrasonography
Arun D. Singh
MD
Professor of Ophthalmology
Director, Department of Ophthalmic Oncology
Cole Eye Institute
Cleveland Clinic
Cleveland, OH, USA
Brandy C. Hayden
BS CDOS ROUB
Director of Ophthalmic Ultrasonography
Cole Eye Institute
Cleveland Clinic
Cleveland, OH, USA
For additional online content visit
www.expertconsult.com
Edinburgh London New York Oxford Philadelphia St Louis Sydney Toronto 2012
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Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience
broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment
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ISBN: 978-1-4377-2636-7
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Singh, Arun D.
Ophthalmic ultrasonography.
1. Eye–Ultrasonic imaging.
I. Title II. Hayden, Brandy C.
617.7’1543–dc22
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Printed in China
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Video Table of Contents
Video contributors: Arun D Singh and Brandy C Hayden
Clip 3.1 Instructional video: Basic Positioning
Clip 3.2 Instructional video: Axial Scans
Clip 3.3 Instructional video: Longitudinal scans
Clip 3.4 Instructional video: Transverse scans
Clip 3.5 Instructional video: Five Scan Screening
Clip 3.6 Instructional video: Detailed B-scan Examination
Clip 3.7 Intraocular mass: Transverse scan
Clip 3.8 Intraocular mass: Longitudinal scan
Clip 3.9 Vitreous hemorrhage with PVD: Mobility
Clip 3.10a Intraocular mass: B-scan: Vascularity
Clip 3.10b Intraocular mass: A-scan: Vascularity
Clip 3.11 Vitreous hemorrhage with a retinal detachment: B-Scan: Convection Movement
Clip 7.1 Instructional video: Biometric A scan
Clip 7.2 Contact biometric A-scan: Compression
Clip 7.3 Immersion biometric A-scan: Non-compression
Clip 7.4 Immersion biometric A-scan: Misalignment
Clip 10.1 Vitreous hemorrhage: Dispersed: Mobility
Clip 10.2 Vitreous hemorrhage: Layered: Mobility
Clip 10.3 Posterior vitreous detachment: Mobility
Clip 10.4 Tractional retinal detachment: Mobility
Clip 10.5 Open funnel retinal detachment: Mobility
Clip 11.1A Choroidal melanoma: Moderate vascularity
Clip 11.1B Choroidal melanoma: Marked vascularity
Clip 12.1A Vitritis: Mobility
Clip 12.1B Vitreous lymphoma: Mobility
Clip 16.1 Dislocated crystalline lens: Mobility
Preface
Ultrasonography has become an important clinical tool Ophthalmic Ultrasonography represents the cumulative
in all aspects of ophthalmic practice. Ultrasonography experience of more than 30 contributors, the majority of
is routinely used not only for biometry for calculating whom practice with us at the Cole Eye Institute. Despite
the power of intraocular lens implants prior to cataract individual styles and preferences, great editorial care has
surgery but also in the management of patients with been taken to follow a uniform layout, to avoid overlap,
trauma, uveitis, vitreoretinal disorders, and differentia- and to present balanced views.
tion of intraocular tumors. The advent of high-resolution
ultrasonography of the anterior segment (ultrasound Arun D. Singh, MD
biomicroscopy) has added new depth of understanding Department of Ophthalmic Oncology
of glaucoma and anterior segment disorders. Digital Cole Eye Institute
ultrasound biomicroscopy of the cornea is essential for Cleveland Clinic
planning refractive surgery. 9500 Euclid Avenue
The contents of Ophthalmic Ultrasonography have been Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
chosen with particular attention to recent advances. The
pertinent findings in most chapters have been illustrated Brandy C. Hayden, BS CDOS ROUB
to improve understanding of key concepts. We have Director of Ophthalmic Ultrasonography
included 26 video clips offering details of how to perform Cole Eye Institute (i-10)
and interpret ophthalmic ultrasonography. Chapters on Cleveland Clinic Foundation
ocular prenatal imaging, laboratory applications, and 9500 Euclid Avenue
ultrasound-guided anesthesia broaden the horizons of Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
ultrasonography applications in ophthalmology. Concepts
currently under investigation are summarized in the
chapter on future considerations.
ix
List of Contributors
Norma Allemann MD Daniel T. Ginat MD MS
Adjunct Professor of Ophthalmology Radiology Resident
Department of Ophthalmology Department of Imaging Sciences
Federal University of São Paulo University of Rochester Medical Center
Medical Coordinator Rochester, NY, USA
Diagnostic Center in Ophthalmology
Marine Gobbe MST(Optom) PhD
Fleury Medicina e Saúde
Research Optometrist
São Paulo, Brazil
London Vision Clinic
Timothy J. Archer MA(Oxon) DipCompSci(Cantab) London, UK
Research Manager
Brandy C. Hayden BS CDOS ROUB
London Vision Clinic
Director of Ophthalmic Ultrasonography
London, UK
Cole Eye Institute
Brian K. Armstrong MD Cleveland Clinic
Cornea, External Disease and Refractive Surgery Fellow Cleveland, OH, USA
Cole Eye Institute
Linda Kelley CRA COA ROUB
Cleveland Clinic
Health Technician Supervisor
Cleveland, OH, USA
Bruce W Carter Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center
Erin Broaddus MD Miami, FL, USA
Radiology Resident
Ronald R. Krueger MD MSE
Department of Radiology
Medical Director, Department of Refractive Surgery
Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center
Cole Eye Institute
Winston-Salem, NC, USA
Professor of Ophthalmology
Hajir Dadgostar MD PhD Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University
Physician, Vitreoretinal Surgery Cleveland Clinic
Valley Retina Associates Medical Group Cleveland, OH, USA
Encino, CA, USA
Breno da Rocha Lima MD
Vikram S. Dogra MD Ophthalmology Resident
Professor of Radiology Cole Eye Institute
Director of Ultrasound Cleveland Clinic
Department of Imaging Sciences Cleveland, OH, USA
University of Rochester Medical Center
Careen Y. Lowder MD PhD
Rochester, NY, USA
Full Professional Staff
William J. Dupps Jr MD PhD Cole Eye Institute
Staff, Cornea and Refractive Surgery, Biomedical Engineering Cleveland Clinic
and Transplant Cleveland, OH, USA
Cleveland Clinic
Lisa D. Lystad MD
Adjunct Associate Professor of Biomedical Engineering
Staff Neuro-Ophthalmology
Case Western Reserve University
Cole Eye Institute
Cleveland, OH, USA
Cleveland Clinic
Steven Gayer MD MBA Cleveland, OH, USA
Professor of Anesthesiology and Ophthalmology
Glauco Reggiani Mello MD
University of Miami’s Miller School of Medicine
Cornea and Refractive Surgery Fellow
Bascom Palmer Eye Institute
Cole Eye Institute
Miami and Palm Beach Gardens, FL, USA
Cleveland Clinic
Cleveland, OH, USA
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List of Contributors
Maria Helena Mandello Carvalhaes Ramos MD Eric Scot Shaw BS
Assistant Doctor Research Assistant
Diagnostic Center in Ophthalmology Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine and Pain
Fleury Medicina e Saúde Management
São Paulo, Brazil University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine
Miami, FL, USA
Dan Z. Reinstein MD MA(Cantab) FRCSC FRCOphth
Medical Director Ronald H. Silverman PhD
London Vision Clinic Professor of Ophthalmic Science
London, UK Department of Ophthalmology
Department of Ophthalmology Columbia University Medical Center
St. Thomas’ Hospital – Kings College New York, NY, USA
London, UK Riverside Research Institute
Department of Ophthalmology New York, NY, USA
Columbia University Medical Center
Arun D. Singh MD
New York, NY, USA
Professor of Ophthalmology
Centre Hospitalier National d’Ophtalmologie
Director, Department of Ophthalmic Oncology
Paris, France
Cole Eye Institute
Edward J. Rockwood MD Cleveland Clinic
Associate Professor of Ophthalmology Cleveland, OH, USA
Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western
Rishi P. Singh MD
Reserve University
Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology
Cole Eye Institute
Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
Cleveland Clinic
Case Western Reserve University
Cleveland, OH, USA
Staff Physician
Reecha Sachdeva MD Cole Eye Institute
Ophthalmology Resident Cleveland Clinic
Cole Eye Institute Cleveland, OH, USA
Cleveland Clinic
Nathan C. Steinle MD
Cleveland, OH, USA
Vitreoretinal Fellow
Marcony R. Santhiago MD Cole Eye Institute
Cornea and Refractive Surgery Fellow Cleveland Clinic
Cole Eye Institute Cleveland, OH, USA
Cleveland Clinic
Virgínia L L Torres MD
Cleveland, OH, USA
Post Doctoral Research Fellow
Lynn Schoenfield MD Federal University of São Paulo
Staff Pathologist São Paulo, Brazil
Assistant Professor of Pathology
Elias I. Traboulsi MD
Cleveland Clinic
Head, Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
Cleveland, OH, USA
Director, The Center for Genetic Eye Diseases
Jonathan E. Sears MD Cole Eye Institute
Associate Professor Cleveland Clinic
Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine Cleveland, OH, USA
Cole Eye Institute
Mary E. Turell MD
Cleveland Clinic
Clinical Fellow in Ophthalmic Oncology
Cleveland, OH, USA
Cole Eye Institute
Sumit Sharma MD Cleveland Clinic
Resident, Ophthalmology Cleveland, OH, USA
Cole Eye Institute
Amit Vasanji PhD
Cleveland Clinic
Director, Biomedical Imaging and Analysis Center
Cleveland, OH, USA
Lerner Research Institute
Cleveland Clinic
Cleveland, Ohio, USA
xii
Dedication
To my parents who educated me beyond their means, my Timothy Murray for introducing me to academics, and
wife Annapurna, and my children, Nakul and Rahul, who J. Douglas Woodrich and Gretchen Arnold Doran for
make all my efforts worthwhile (A.D.S.). believing in who I am (B.C.H.).
To my parents Michael and Barbara Hayden who
have always encouraged me, Judith Abel, Eric Carlson and
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Acknowledgments
We are grateful to Daniel Martin, MD, Chairman, Cole
Eye Institute, for his encouragement. We gratefully
acknowledge the contributions of Rachael Briggs, Anne
Pinter, Karen King, Sharon Allen, Shawn Perry, Jennifer
Pertz, and the staff of the imaging department in retriev-
ing and preparing the large amount of material used in
this book.
We could not have completed this project on time
without the support of Sharon Nash (Development
Editor), Vinod Kumar Iyyappan (Project Manager), and
Alison Woodhouse (copy-editor). We are indebted to
Russell Gabbedy (Acquisition Editor) for offering us the
opportunity to compile this book.
Arun D. Singh, MD
Department of Ophthalmic Oncology
Cole Eye Institute
Cleveland Clinic
9500 Euclid Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
Brandy C. Hayden, BS CDOS ROUB
Director of Ophthalmic Ultrasonography
Cole Eye Institute (i-10)
Cleveland Clinic Foundation
9500 Euclid Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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