Open Content Licensing: Cultivating The Creative Commons

242 Pages·2007·1.666 MB·English

by  Brian F. Fitzgerald, Jessica Coates, Suzanne Lewis

Open Content Licensing:
Cultivating the Creative Commons
Principal Editor
Professor Brian Fitzgerald
Head of School of Law,
Queensland University of Technology,
Australia
With the assistance of
Jessica Coates and Suzanne Lewis
List of Contributors
RichardNeville
ProfessorArunSharma
MarkFallu
ProfessorBarryConynghamAM
GregLane
ProfessorBrianFitzgerald
NicSuzor
ProfessorLawrenceLessig
ProfessorRichardJones
ProfessorGregHearn
ProfessorJohnQuiggin
DrDavidRooney
NeeruPaharia
MichaelLavarch
StuartCunningham
DrTerryCutler
DamienO’Brien
RenatoIanella
CarolFripp
DennisMacNamara
JeanBurgess
TheHonJusticeJamesDouglas
TheHonJusticeRonaldSackville
LindaLavarchMP
TomCochrane
IanOi
DrAnneFitzgerald
NealeHooper
KeithDone
SalHumphreys
iv
List of Contributors
JohnBanks
v
Table of Contents
TitlePage iii
ListofContributors iv
Foreword viii
PROFESSORBRIANFITZGERALD viii
AShortOverviewofCreativeCommons x
PROFESSORBRIANFITZGERALD x
BANCOCOURTKEYNOTE 1
Introduction 3
THEHONJUSTICEJAMESDOUGLAS 3
DoesCopyrightHaveLimits?EldredvAshcroftanditsAftermath 6
PROFESSORLAWRENCELESSIG 6
CONFERENCEKEYNOTE 19
Welcome 23
THEHONJUSTICERONALDSACKVILLE 23
TheVisionfortheCreativeCommons:WhatareWeandWhereareWe
Headed?FreeCulture 29
PROFESSORLAWRENCELESSIG 29
CREATIVECOMMONSWORLDWIDE 41
TheiCommonsProject 43
DVCTOMCOCHRANE,NEERUPAHARIAANDIANOI 43
GOVERNMENTANDCREATIVECOMMONS 55
TheGovernment’sRoleinSupportingCreativeInnovation 57
LINDALAVARCHMP 57
WhyGovernmentsandPublicInstitutionsNeedtoUnderstandOpen
ContentLicensing 62
PROFESSORSTUARTCUNNINGHAM,DRTERRYCUTLER,DRANNE
vi
Table of Contents
FITZGERALD,NEALEHOOPE,ANDTOMCOCHRANE 62
CREATIVECOMMONSANDTHECREATIVEINDUSTRIES 79
PerspectivesfromtheCreativeIndustries 81
RICHARDNEVILLE,PROFESSORRICHARDJONES,PROFESSORGREG
HEARNANDPROFESSORBARRYCONYNGHAMAM 81
CASESTUDIES 101
OpenContentLicensingInitiatives 103
PROFESSORARUNSHARMA 103
AEShareNET 106
CAROLFRIPPANDDENNISMCNAMARA 106
OpenDigitalRightsLanguage(ODRL) 112
DRRENATOIANELLA 112
YouthInternetRadioNetwork(YIRN) 120
JEANBURGESSANDMARKFALLU 120
AustralianCreativeResourceOnline(ACRO) 127
DRDAVIDROONEY 127
POLICYISSUES 131
InternetandInnovation 133
PROFESSORJOHNQUIGGIN 133
DigitalSamplingandCultureJamminginaRemixWorld:Whatdoesthe
lawallow? 138
PROFESSORBRIANFITZGERALDANDDAMIENO’BRIEN 138
LAWANDCOMPUTERGAMES 169
Introduction 171
GREGLANE 171
GamesHistory,Content,PracticeandLaw 176
PROFESSORBRIANFITZGERALD,SALHUMPHREYS,JOHNBANKS,
KEITHDONEANDNICSUZOR 176
TheFuture 205
PROFESSORLAWRENCELESSIG,PROFESSORSTUARTCUNNINGHAM
ANDSALHUMPHREYS 205
Biographies 214
Index 226
vii
Foreword
PROFESSORBRIANFITZGERALD
In late 2003 I became involved with the Australian implementation of the Cre-
ative Commons (CC) Project along with Tom Cochrane (DVC TILS QUT) and
Ian Oi (then of Blakes Lawyers now a Partner at Corrs Lawyers). We were ex-
cited by the possibilities that CC might provide. QUT became an Institutional
Affiliate and an Australian version of the Creative Commons licence was com-
pleted(creativecommons.org.au).
InordertocelebrateandlaunchtheAustralianversionoftheCreativeCom-
monslicenceandinformpeopleabouttheprojectmoregenerallywedecidedto
run a conference here in Brisbane in January 2005 on Open Content Licensing:
CultivatingtheCreativeCommons.Thechaptersthatappearinthisvolumearea
resultofthatconference.
Theconferencewouldnothavebeenpossiblewithoutthegeneroussupport
ofQUTViceChancellorProfessorPeterCoaldrake.AmongstotherthingsPeter
sponsored the visit by Professor Lawrence Lessig of Stanford University Law
School,theleaderoftheCreativeCommonsmovement.
Thespeakersandparticipantsmadethisconferenceatrulymemorableevent
andputCreativeCommonsonthemapinAustralia.Itbroughtmanyofthekey
thinkers of the open content movement in Australia and internationally together
for the first time, and provided an opportunity for them to exchange views and
researchonthisincreasinglyimportanttopic.IamparticularlyindebtedtoJustice
Sackville, former Qld Attorney General Linda Lavarch, Richard Neville, Barry
Conyngham,TomCochrane,StuartCunningham,MichaelLavarchandofcourse
LawrenceLessigforprovidingtheirsupport.
SincetheconferenceQUThasbeenawardedanARCCentreofExcellence
forCreativeIndustriesandInnovation(www.cci.edu.au)undertheleadershipof
Professor Stuart Cunningham, for which I am Chief Investigator and leader of
theLawProgram.ACreativeCommonsClinicandCreativeCommonsresearch
programfeatureheavilyintheagendaofthisnewCentre.TheDepartmentofEd-
ucation Science and Training (DEST) has also sponsored a project – known as
theOpenAccesstoKnowledge(OAK)LawProject(www.oaklaw.qut.edu.au)–
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Foreword
of which I am Project Leader. The ‘OAK Law Project’ will develop copyright
management protocols for Open Access that can be employed by Australian re-
searchrepositories.
JessicaCoatesandSuzanneLewishavedoneanenormousamountofwork
withthe2005conferencecontributorstoeditthepapersprovidedbythemduring
and following the conference into polished book chapters. Thank you also to
Amy Barker, Susan Hedge and Kylie Pappalardo who assisted us with the
process. Keith Done and Sian Haigh gave us tremendous support in organising
the conference as did conference assistants Nic Suzor, Damien O’Brien, Amy
Barker, Michael May, Amanda Campion-Steele, Cher Bartlett and Elliott Bled-
soe.
Ihopeyouenjoyreadingthesepapersasmuchasweenjoyedhearingthem.
Avideoarchiveoftheconferenceisavailableat:http://creativecommons.org.au/
materials.
-February2007
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A Short Overview of Creative Com-
mons
PROFESSORBRIANFITZGERALD
WHAT IS CREATIVE COMMONS?
CreativeCommons(CC)isaworldwideprojectthataimstomakecopyrightma-
terialmoreaccessibleandnegotiableinthedigitalenvironment.Toachievethis
CreativeCommonsaskscontentownerswhowishtocontributetothecommons
tolabeltheirmaterialwithaCCbadgerepresentingthetermsuponwhichthema-
terialmaybereutilized:(seethewebsiteatcreativecommons.org)Thisprocessof
genericallygivingpermissioninadvance–usemycontentsolongasyouattrib-
uteme,orengageinnoncommercialuse,ormakenoderivativeworksorshare
yourimprovementswiththebroadercommunity–allowsusersuponseeingcon-
tentlabelledwiththeCCsymboltoknowexactly,atthatinstant,whatrightthey
have to reproduce, communicate, cut, paste, and remix. The content owner re-
serves some rights ofcontrol but eschews the common commercial approach of
allrightsreserved.
WHO IS BEHIND IT?
Creative Commons is a not for profit corporation having its origins at Stanford
UniversitynowhavingitsheadquartersinSanFrancisco.TheCreativeCommons
conceptwasgivenworldwideimpetusthroughthereleaseofStanfordLawPro-
fessor Lawrence Lessig’s book The Future of Ideas: The Fate of the Commons
in a Connected World1 in 2001 and is further reinforced by his latest release
Free Culture: How Big Media Uses Technology and the Law to Lock Down
CultureandControlCreativity.2TheinternationaldevelopmentofthebasicCC
1 (2001)RandomHouse,NewYork.
2 (2004)PenguinBooks,NewYork.
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