ONE THE LEXICON CONTENTS AFFIXES AND SPECIAL WORDS

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ONE
THE LEXICON
CONTENTS
AFFIXES AND SPECIAL WORDS (0.0) 18
Noun and Noun Phrase A–xes (0.1) 18
Plurals, etc. (0.11) 18
Case Su–xes (0.12) 18
Final Noun Su–xes (0.14) 20
Derivational Noun Su–xes (0.15) 20
Shapes and Positions{Derivational (0.16) 21
Categorizing Preflxes (0.17) 23
Verb Su–xes (0.2) 24
Principle Verb Su–xes (0.21) 24
Tense-Aspect Su–xes (0.211) 24
Imperative A–xes (0.215) 25
Subordinating Su–xes (0.216) 25
Nominalizing Su–xes (0.218) 26
Terminal Verb Su–xes (0.31) 26
Adverbial A–xes (0.4) 28
Adverbial A–xes: General, In(cid:176)ectional (0.41) 28
Adverbial A–xes: Shapes, Size, Location (0.42) 29
Adverbial A–xes: Movement, Insertion (0.43) 30
Adverbial A–xes: Separate, Together, Cover, Pieces (0.44) 31
Adverbial A–xes: Time, Speed (0.45) 33
Adverbial A–xes: Strength, Quantity (0.46) 34
Adverbial A–xes: Personal, Human (0.47) 35
2 Lexicon
Adverbial A–xes: Derivational (0.48) 36
Echoes (0.5) 40
Interjections (0.6) 42
Relatively Non-Language Like. (0.62) 43
Language-Like Exclamations, Mandi (0.64) 43
Language-Like Exclamations, Bengali (0.66) 44
Kata Jik-Se, Wife-Husband Words (0.7) 44
GRAMMATICAL AND FUNCTION WORDS (1.0) 46
Postpositions (1.1) 46
Space (1.11) 46
Time (1.12) 47
Cause (1.13) 47
With, Without, In Addition To, Instead, By Means Of, (cf. 2.11
Location) (1.16) 48
Comparisons, Like, Such (1.17) 48
Questions and Answers (1.2) 48
Question Words (1.21) 48
Answers (1.24) 49
Classiflers and Measures (1.3) 50
Classiflers, General (1.31) 50
Classiflers, Shape (1.32) 50
Classiflers, Time Units (1.33) 51
Classiflers: Bunches, Bundles, Loads (1.34) 51
Classiflers: Groups (1.35) 52
Classiflers: Weights and Measures (1.36) 52
Classiflers: Pieces and Parts (cf. 3.347 Portions, Parts, 0.44
Adverbial A–xes: Pieces; 5.87 Parts of Objects) (1.37) 53
Classiflers, Miscellaneous (1.38) 54
Conjunctions and Relatives (1.4) 54
Demonstratives (1.5) 55
Pronouns (1.6) 56
Pronouns: Personal (cf. 1.5 Demonstratives) (1.62) 56
Pronouns: Re(cid:176)exive, Relative, Indeflnite (1.64) 56
SPACE AND TIME (2.0) 57
Space (cf. 1.5 Demonstratives, 1.11 Post positions: space) (2.1) 57
Location (cf. 1.16 Shapes and positions{derivational) (2.11) 57
Here, There, Somewhere (2.13) 58
Direction, Movement (cf. 0.43 Adverbial A–xes: Movement)
(2.14) 59
Size, Fit (cf. 6.4 Shapes of the Body) (2.2) 59
Size (2.21) 59
Lexicon 3
Size (Using Classiflers) (2.211) 59
Large (2.213) 61
Small (2.215) 62
Fit, Squeeze, Pass Through, Crowded (cf. 9.276 Leak; 9571
Insert) (2.22) 63
Loose, Tight (2.23) 65
Beside, Close, Spaced Out (cf. 9.536 Separate, Select; 9.63
Join, Stick) (2.25) 65
Full, Empty (2.26) 66
Shape (2.3) 67
Shape (cf. 0.16 Shapes and Position{Derivational, 0.42 Adverbial
A–xes: Shape, Size, Location, 6.4 Shapes of the Body,
1.32 Classiflers, Shape, 964 Change Shape) (2.31) 67
Flat, Level (2.311) 67
Long, Thin, Pointed (2.312) 67
Geometrical (2.313) 68
Curved, Coiled (2.315) 68
Slanting (2.317) 68
Straight, Bent (cf. 9.348 Bend, Bow) (2.318) 69
Shape, Misc. (2.319) 70
Dimensions (2.34) 70
Holes (2.38) 71
Time, General (2.5) 71
Time, Abstract (cf. 0.2 Verb Su–xes, 112 Post Positions: time)
(2.51) 71
Periods and Points During the Day (2.52) 72
Amounts of Time (cf. 1.33 Classiflers, Time Units) (2.53) 73
Time Relative to the Present (2.6) 74
Now (2.61) 74
Earlier, Before, Ago, Last (2.62) 74
After, Later, Future, Next (2.63) 75
Days (2.65) 75
Week, Month, and Year (2.66) 76
Time: Speed, Frequency (2.7) 76
Frequency (2.71) 76
Speed (2.72) 77
Slowly (2.724) 77
Quickly (2.726) 78
Suddenly (2.728) 78
Names of Time Units (2.8) 78
Day Names (2.81) 79
Month Names (2.82) 79
Seasons (2.84) 80
4 Lexicon
QUANTITY, QUALITY, SENSORY (3.0) 81
Quantity, Amounts, Number (3.3) 81
Amounts (3.34) 81
Enough, Not Enough (3.341) 81
Much, Lots, Very (3.342) 82
All, Whole, Entire, Most (3.343) 83
Only (3.344) 84
Few, A Little (3.345) 84
Some, Nothing (3.346) 84
Portions, Parts (cf. 1.37 Classiflers: Pieces and Parts, 5.87
Parts of Objects) (3.347) 85
Misc. (Some, Comparative, etc.) (3.348) 86
Each, Every (3.35) 86
Mandi and A.chik Numbers (3.37) 86
Bengali Numbers (3.38) 87
Quality, Probability, etc. (3.4) 87
Probability (3.42) 87
Similar and Difierent, Kind, Various (3.43) 87
Similar (3.433) 87
Difierent (3.435) 88
Various, Kinds, Other (3.437) 88
Accuracy, Reality, Purity, Truth (cf. 7.25 Untruths, Lies; 7.26
jokes) (3.44) 88
Quality, Evaluative (3.45) 88
So-So (3.453) 88
Positive Evaluation (3.455) 89
Negative Evaluation (3.457) 90
Light and Vision (3.5) 90
See, Watch, Show, Search (cf. 9.42 Eye Gestures). (3.51) 90
See (3.512) 90
Watch, Search, Stare (3.514) 91
Show (3.516) 91
Color (3.53) 92
White, Light (3.531) 92
Warm Colors (3.532) 92
Cold Colors, Black (3.534) 93
Color: Mixed, Patterns (3.538) 93
Color: Other (3.539) 94
Clarity and Visibility (cf. 3.714 Clean, Clear; 657 Washing
and Grooming) (3.54) 95
Brightness, Shine, Shadow, Dullness, Darkness (cf. 5.42 Fire
and Lights) (3.55) 95
Bright, Light (cf. 5.425 Shine, Flair Up) (3.554) 95
Lexicon 5
Shine (3.556) 95
Dark, Dim, Shade, Shadow (3.558) 96
Sensory, Except Visual (3.6) 96
Hearing and Sound (cf. 7.29 Non-language Uses of Voice) (3.62) 96
Hear, Listen (3.622) 96
Quiet, Silent (3.626) 98
Loud, Noisy, Disturbing (3.628) 98
Touching and Feeling (cf. 8.94 Pain, Itching, Burning) (3.64) 99
Texture and Surface, Sharp, Smooth, etc. (3.66) 99
Texture: Rough, Smooth (3.662) 99
Texture: Hard, Soft (3.664) 100
Texture: Sharp, Dull (3.666) 101
Texture: Sticky, Tough, Crumbly. (3.668) 101
Temperature (3.67) 102
Temperature: Hot, Warm (3.673) 102
Temperature: Cold (3.675) 102
Taste and Smell (3.68) 102
Tastes (3.682) 103
Strong Tastes, Excessive (3.684) 104
Bland, Watery (3.686) 105
Smell, Odors (3.688) 105
Miscellaneous Qualities (3.7) 106
Cleanliness, Purity, Order, Mess (3.71) 106
Clean, Clear (3.714) 106
Dirty (cf. 6.58 Body Dirt and Mess) (3.716) 106
Mess, Tangle, Disorder (3.718) 107
Strength of Things (cf. 7.56 Strength of People, Endurance,
Forcefulness) (3.72) 108
Weight (3.73) 108
Age (3.74) 109
Di–cult, Easy (3.75) 109
Importance, Primacy (3.76) 109
NATURE (4.0) 110
Environment and the Elements (4.2) 110
Sky, Stars, Sun, Moon (4.21) 110
Sky, Stars (4.212) 110
Sun and Moon (4.214) 110
Compass Directions (4.218) 112
Land (4.23) 112
Land, World, Nature (cf. 5.11 Fields) (4.231) 112
Upland (4.232) 112
Dirt, Stones, Mud (4.24) 113
6 Lexicon
Dirt, Earth (4.242) 113
Stones, Lumps of Earth (4.244) 113
Mud (4.246) 114
Dust (4.248) 114
River, Lakes, Seas (cf. 9.27 Water, Wetness) (4.25) 114
Rivers (4.252) 114
Sea, Lakes, Tanks, Puddles, Springs (4.253) 114
Weather (4.3) 115
Clouds, Precipitation (4.32) 115
Clouds, Clear Sky (4.323) 115
Rain, Light Rain (4.325) 115
Rain Hard, Long (4.327) 116
Dew, Fog, Hail, Ice (4.329) 116
Flood (4.33) 117
Thunder and Lightning (4.34) 117
Thunder (4.342) 117
Lightning (4.344) 117
Wind (4.36) 117
Earthquakes (4.37) 118
Animals, Wild (4.4) 118
Animals in General (4.40) 118
Mammals, Wild (4.41) 118
Cats (4.416) 118
Primates (4.418) 119
Mammals, Other (4.419) 119
Birds (4.43) 120
Reptiles (4.44) 123
Lizards (4.441) 123
Snakes (4.443) 124
Turtles (4.445) 124
Frogs and Toads (4.447) 124
Fish and Shellflsh (4.45) 125
Fish (4.454) 125
Shellflsh (4.458) 126
Insects, Bugs, Worms (4.46) 126
General (4.461) 126
Flies and Mosquitoes (4.462) 126
Bees, Wasps (4.463) 127
Spiders (4.464) 127
Ants (4.465) 128
Leeches (4.466) 128
Worms, Centipedes, Caterpillars (4.467) 128
Vermin (4.468) 129
Lexicon 7
Beetles and Misc. (4.469) 129
Animal Parts, Stages, Products (cf. 6.2 Body parts, human)
(4.47) 130
Body Parts, Birds (4.471) 130
Body Parts, Insects (4.472) 131
Animal Body Parts, Other (4.473) 131
Stages of Insect Maturation (4.474) 131
Animal Products (4.475) 131
Animal Noises (4.476) 132
Animal Actions (4.48) 133
Animal Actions, Misc. (4.482) 133
Flying, Flapping Wings (4.486) 134
Animal Actions: Eating, Foods (4.487) 135
Animal Actions: Wag Tail (4.488) 135
Actions Towards Animals (4.49) 136
Plants, Mostly Uncultivated (4.6) 136
Trees (4.63) 136
Forest (4.630) 136
Trees, Uncultivated (cf. 5.22 Cultivated trees) (4.632) 138
Bamboo (4.637) 141
Shrubs (4.64) 142
Herbs, etc., Wild (4.65) 143
Grass (4.652) 143
Tubers, Wild (cf. 5.27 Cultivated Tubers) (4.653) 143
Vines (4.655) 144
Herbs: Misc. (4.656) 145
Hay, Straw, etc. (4.66) 146
Plant Parts (4.67) 147
Stem, Trunk (4.670) 147
Branch (4.671) 147
Sticks (cf. 5.833 Tools: Sticks) (4.672) 148
Wood, Bark (4.673) 148
Sap, Juice (4.674) 149
Leaves (4.675) 149
Buds, Flowers, Fruit (4.676) 149
Grain, Seeds (4.677) 149
Roots (4.678) 150
Bamboo Parts (4.679) 150
Maturation, Ripening, Stages of Growth, Rotting and Decay
(4.69) 150
Living, Fresh (4.690) 150
Grow, Sprout, Bloom (4.691) 151
Unripe (4.692) 151
8 Lexicon
Ripe (4.694) 151
Overripe, Dry, Rotten (4.696) 152
SUBSISTENCE, ARTIFACTS (5.0) 153
Farming (5.1) 153
Fields (cf. 4.23 Land) (5.11) 153
Dry Fields (5.112) 153
Slash and Burn Fields (5.113) 154
Wet Fields (5.114) 154
Land Measures (5.12) 155
Planting (cf. 4.677 Grain, seeds) (5.14) 155
Cultivating (5.15) 156
Plowing (5.154) 156
Removing Weeds (5.156) 156
Harvesting (5.16) 156
Crops, Cultivated Plants (5.2) 157
Cultivated Trees and Fruits (5.22) 157
Cultivated Plants, Mostly Vegetables (5.23) 158
Rice (5.25) 160
Cultivated Tubers (cf. 4.653 Wild Tubers) (5.27) 161
Decorative Flowers (5.28) 162
Nonfood Crops (5.29) 162
Animals, Domestic (5.3) 163
Cattle (5.33) 163
Domestic Animals, Other (5.35) 163
Cooking and Eating (cf. 5.2 Crops, 3.68 Taste and Smell) (5.4) 164
Foods and Drinks (not crop names) (5.40) 164
Meat and Fish (5.401) 164
Rice Preparations (5.403) 164
Condiments, Ingredients (5.405) 165
Purchased Foods and Snacks (5.408) 166
Other Foods (5.409) 166
Fire and Lights, Lighting and Extinguishing (5.42) 167
Fire (5.421) 167
Smoke (5.422) 167
Materials and Equipment for Fires (5.423) 167
Light, Burn, Extinguish (5.424) 168
Shine, Flare Up (5.425) 169
Warm Up (5.426) 169
Tobacco and Smoking (5.429) 169
Cooking and Eating Equipment (cf. 5.85 Basketry) (5.43) 170
Pots, Pottery (5.432) 170
Dishes (5.434) 171
Lexicon 9
Metal Utensils (5.436) 171
Miscellaneous Kitchen Equipment (5.438) 171
Preparing Food (5.45) 172
Rice (5.451) 172
Wrapping, Bundles, Portions, Servings (5.453) 173
Breweing Rice Beer (cf. 5.403 Rice Preparation) (5.455) 174
Food Preparation, Misc. (5.458) 174
Cooking (5.46) 175
Eating and Drinking (cf. 3.682 Tastes) (5.47) 176
Eating (5.472) 176
Drinking (5.474) 177
Meals (5.477) 178
Feed, Spit Out Food, etc. (5.478) 178
Eating and Drinking, Other (5.479) 178
Hunger, Thirst, Fullness, Intoxication (5.48) 179
Buildings (5.6) 179
Building Types (5.62) 180
Traditional (5.622) 180
Building Types, Modern (5.624) 180
Buildings: Methods, Parts (5.63) 181
Buildings: Methods (5.631) 181
Buildings: Roofs (5.632) 181
Buildings: Posts and Beams (5.633) 182
Buildings: Rooms (5.635) 182
Buildings: Other Parts (5.636) 183
Buildings: Platform (5.637) 183
Buildings: Walls, Doors, Windows (5.638) 183
Bamboo Building Materials (cf. 5.854 Basketry: (5.639) 184
Around the House and other Constructions (5.64) 185
Fences and Wells (5.642) 185
Surroundings of a House (5.644) 185
Roads, Bridges (5.646) 185
Objects, Tools, Artifacts (5.8) 186
Things in General, This and That (5.81) 186
Furniture (cf. 6.591 Bedding) (5.82) 186
Tools (cf. 5.43 Cooking and Eating Equipment) (5.83) 187
Cultivating and Digging Tools (5.831) 187
Tools: Cutting (5.832) 187
Tools: Sticks (cf. 4.672 Sticks) (5.833) 188
Tools: Other. (5.835) 188
Modern Tools and Machinery (5.838) 189
Hunting, Trapping, and Fishing Gear, Weapons, (cf. 4.49
Actions Towards Animals) (5.84) 189
10 Lexicon
Fishing Gear (5.843) 189
Hunting Gear, Weapons (5.845) 190
Basketry and Bamboo Objects, Parts, Methods (cf. 5.639
Bamboo Building Materials) (5.85) 190
Baskets and Mats (5.852) 190
Basketry: Parts (5.854) 191
Basketry and Bamboo: Styles and Methods (5.856) 192
Vehicles (5.86) 194
Parts of Objects (cf. 1.37 Pieces and Parts; 3347 Parts of
Objects; 5854 Basketry: Parts) (5.87) 194
Bicycle parts (5.872) 196
Materials (5.88) 197
HUMAN BEINGS (6.0) 198
Body Parts (6.2) 198
Body, General (6.21) 198
Head (6.22) 198
Limbs (6.23) 200
Arms (6.233) 200
Hands and Fingers (6.235) 200
Legs (6.237) 201
Feet and Toes (6.238) 201
Torso (6.24) 202
Neck (6.241) 202
Back and Hips (6.243) 202
Front of the Body (6.245) 202
Genitals (6.249) 203
Hair (cf. 6.561 Bodily Decorations, Hair) (6.25) 203
Hairless, Bald (cf. 6.552 Naked) (6.26) 204
Body Parts: Internal Organs (6.27) 204
Bones (6.28) 205
Body Parts: Skin, Fluids, Body Dirt. (6.29) 205
Shapes of the Body (cf. 2.3 Shape, 9.34 Positions of the Body)
(6.4) 206
Body Shapes: Face (6.42) 206
Body Shapes: Big, Tall (6.44) 207
Body Shapes: Small, Short, Thin (6.46) 208
Body Shapes: Fat (6.48) 208
Clothing and Adornment (6.5) 209
Clothing (6.52) 209
General, Cloth Objects (6.521) 209
Headgear (6.522) 210
Footwear (6.523) 210