Table Of ContentOn Complicity and Compromise
This page intentionally left blank
On Complicity and
Compromise
Dr Chiara Lepora and Robert E. Goodin
1
3
GreatClarendonStreet,Oxford,OX26DP,
UnitedKingdom
OxfordUniversityPressisadepartmentoftheUniversityofOxford.
ItfurtherstheUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellenceinresearch,scholarship,
andeducationbypublishingworldwide.Oxfordisaregisteredtrademarkof
OxfordUniversityPressintheUKandincertainothercountries
#ChiaraLeporaandRobertE.Goodin2013
Themoralrightsoftheauthorhavebeenasserted
FirstEditionpublishedin2013
Impression:1
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedin
aretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,withoutthe
priorpermissioninwritingofOxfordUniversityPress,orasexpresslypermitted
bylaw,bylicenceorundertermsagreedwiththeappropriatereprographics
rightsorganization.Enquiriesconcerningreproductionoutsidethescopeofthe
aboveshouldbesenttotheRightsDepartment,OxfordUniversityPress,atthe
addressabove
Youmustnotcirculatethisworkinanyotherform
andyoumustimposethissameconditiononanyacquirer
BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData
Dataavailable
ISBN 978–0–19–967790–0
PrintedinGreatBritainbythe
MPGPrintgroup,UK
LinkstothirdpartywebsitesareprovidedbyOxfordingoodfaithand
forinformationonly.Oxforddisclaimsanyresponsibilityforthematerials
containedinanythirdpartywebsitereferencedinthiswork.
Contents
Preface vi
Reader’sGuideforHumanitarianActors viii
Abbreviations x
1. Introduction:AMessyMoralLandscape 1
2. CompromiseasaTemplate 17
3. ComplicityanditsConceptualCousins 31
4. GradingEngagementwithWrongdoing:DimensionsofDifference 59
5. ResponsibilityforComplicity:AMinimumThreshold 78
6. AssessingActsofComplicity:AGeneralFramework 97
7. OrganizationalComplicity:RwandanRefugeeCamps 130
8. IndividualComplicity:TheTorturedPatient 150
(ChiaraLeporaandJosephMillum)
9. Conclusion:ComplicityisasComplicityDoes 170
Index 173
Preface
Chiara Lepora is a physician who lives these problems vividly firsthand,
workingwithMédecinsSansFrontièresinvarioushumanitarianemergencies
acrossAfrica,theMiddleEast,andbeyond.BobGoodinisapoliticalphiloso-
pheraccustomedtowritingaboutsuchissuesintheabstractandfromasafe
distance. We came together in 2009/2010 as visiting fellows in the Depart-
mentofBioethicsintheClinicalCenteroftheNationalInstitutesofHealth.
Despite our very different backgrounds, we found that our thoughts and
styles meshed remarkably well and we began writing together. This book is
the product of the collaboration begun then and continued long-distance
since.
We say only half-jokingly that our greatest debt is to Skype. We would
however be remiss not also to acknowledge the support of many others: for
both of us, the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of
Health; for Chiara Lepora, the Global Health Affairs Program of the Josef
Korbel School of International Studies, University of Denver and, latterly,
Médecins Sans Frontières; for Bob Goodin, the School of Philosophy at
AustralianNationalUniversityand,latterly,theDepartmentofGovernment
at the University of Essex. The views expressed are our own and do not
represent the opinions or policies of the National Institutes of Health, the
US DepartmentofHealth andHuman Services,Médecins Sans Frontières,or
anyoftheuniversitieswithwhichweareorhavebeenassociated.
Wearealsogratefulforcommentsononeormoreofthesechaptersfrom:
Christian Barry, Geoff Brennan, Cheshire Calhoun, Ben Chan, Tony Con-
nolly, Marion Danis, Keith Dowding, Dave Estlund, Michael Garnett, John
Gillies, ChristineGrady, RobJubb, BettinaKoch, Chris Kutz, Holly Lawford-
Smith, Larry May, Doug MacLean, Joe Millum, Daniel Nolan, Collin O’Neil,
Avia Pasternak, Carole Pateman, Jon Quong, Annette Rid, Nic Southwood,
Rob Sparrow, Laura Valentini, Alan Wertheimer, Susan Wolf, Lea Ypi, and
various anonymous referees. Obviously, any errors of fact, interpretation, or
argumentthatremainareoursalone.
Two of these chapters have been published previously. We are grateful to
thosejournals’editorsandrefereesfortheirassistance,andtotheirpublishers
forpermissiontoreusethosematerialshere:
Preface
ChiaraLeporaandRobertE.Goodin,‘GradingcomplicityinRwandanrefugeecamps’,
JournalofAppliedPhilosophy,28(3:Aug.2011),261–76.
ChiaraLeporaandJosephMillum,‘Thetorturedpatient:amedicaldilemma’,Hastings
CenterReport,41(3:May–June2011),38–47.
WearegratefultoJoeMillumforpermissiontoreusethatarticlehere.
vii
’
Reader s Guide for Humanitarian Actors
Wehopethisbookwillbeofassistanceinthefieldaswellasinthelibraryand
theclassroom.Thosewhoseinterestsaremorehumanitarianthanphilosoph-
icalmightwanttoconcentrateonthefollowingmaterialinthisorder:
9. Conclusion:ComplicityisasComplicityDoes(entirechapter)
8. IndividualComplicity:TheTorturedPatient(entirechapter)
7. OrganizationalComplicity:RwandanRefugeeCamps(entirechapter)
1. Introduction:AMessyMoralLandscape(entirechapter)
6. AssessingActsofComplicity:AGeneralFramework(Sections6.2,6.3,and6.5)
3. ComplicityanditsConceptualCousins(Sections3.1,3.2.2‘ComplicitySimpliciter’,
and3.3)
2. CompromiseasaTemplate(Sections2.1,2.3,2.4,and2.5)
4. GradingEngagementwithWrongdoing:DimensionsofDifference(Table4.1,for
reference)
5. ResponsibilityforComplicity:AMinimumThreshold(Sections5.1,5.3,5.4,
and5.5)
I am responsible for what I do, and you are responsible for what
youdo.ButonanycredibleviewIneedtogiveattention,inwhat
I do, to what you will do in consequence. And you need to give
attention,inwhatyoudo,towhatIwilldoinconsequence.Inthat
sense, there are two parts of morality. There is what I should do
simpliciter,andthenthereiswhatIshoulddobywayofcontribu-
tiontowhatyoudo.1
1 J.Gardner,‘Complicityandcausality’,CriminalLawandPhilosophy,1(2007),127–41.
