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CONF-840408
DE84 017348
PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIFTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE
ON NUCLEAR METHODS IN ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENERGY
RESEARCH
April 1984
Work Performed Under Contract No. FG02-84ER60193
University of Missouri
Columbia, Missouri
Technical Information Center
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
United States Department of Energy
o
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CONF-840408
(DE84017348)
Distribution CaUpory UC-11
P R O C E E D I N GS
OF THE
FIFTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
vN U C L E AR M E T H O DS
I N
E N V I R O N M E N T AL A ND E N E R GY R E S E A R CH
Edited by
JAMES R. VOGT
Held at
Mayaguez, Puerto Rico
April 2-6, 1984
SPONSORED BY
AMERICAN NUCLEAR SOCIETY
Division of Isotopes and Radiation
AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
Division of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
Office of Health and Environmental Research
UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO
Recinto Universitario de Mayaguez
UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI
Research Reactor Facility
Work Performed Under Contract No: DE-FG02-84ER60193
f GtNtRAL CHAIRMAN
J. R. Vogt, U. Missouri
TECHNICAL PROGRAM
CO-CHAIRMEN
R. H. Filby, Washington State U.
A. J. Blotcky, VA-Omaha
TECHNICAL PROGRAM
COMMITTEE
P. A. Baedecker, USGS-Re*;ton
B. S. Carpenter, NBS
G. E. Gordon, U. Maryland
V. P. Guinn, UC-Irvine
R. L. Heath INEL
W. S. Lyon, ORNL
J. S. Morris, U. Missouri
R. C. Ragaini, LLNL
N. A. Wogman, BNWL
FINANCE CHAIRMAN
B. S. Carpenter, NBS
PUBLICITY CHAIRMAN
J. T. Tanner, FDA
HOUSING CHAIRMAN
/ K. B- PEDERSEN, UPR
CONTENTS
Page
Conference Organizing Committee i
PLENARY LECTURES 1
Activation Analysis in Europe: Present and Future
Perspectives t
F. DeCorte and J. Hoste
Activation Analysis in the Americas: Recent and Future
Perspectives 23
V. P. Guinn
GAMMA-RAY AND X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND SOFTWARE 43
A Multichannel Analyzer with Real-Time Correction of
Counting Losses Based on a Fast 16/32 Bit Microprocessor . .. 44
G. P. Westphal and Th. Kasa (Invited Paper)
Analytic Fitting of X-and Gamma-Ray Peaks in Ge and Si(Li)
and Ge Spectroscopy 62
J. L. Campbell and J. A. Maxwell (Invited Paper)
Super-Sabre: An RSX-11M System For Generalized Gamma-
Ray Spectrometry 72
L. Salmon and M. M. Davi-es
GRPANL: A Program for Deconvolution and Interpreting Complex
Peak Clusters 82
R. Gunnink, W. D. Ruhter, and J. B. Niday
Very High Count Rate Gamma Spectroscopy 92
W. H. Zirmev
Neutron Activation Analysis with X-and Low Energy Gamma-Ray
Spectrometry of Short-Lived Radionuclides 97
S. J. Parry
Gamma-Ray Spectral Analysis Using a Superminicomputer 106
T. Meyers, R. Ruekins, K. Thompson, and L. Homes
A Large-Volume Ultra!ow Background Germanium-Germanium
Coincidence/Anticoincidence Gamma-Ray Spectrometer . . . . .. 118
R. L. Brodzinski, D. P. Bvown J. C. Evans, Jr. W. K.
3 3
Hensley, J. H. Reeves, N. A. Wogman, F. T. Avignone,
H. S. Miley, and R. S. Moore
Peak Detection with an Advanced Nuclide Identification
Method 127
M. J. Koskelo
ii
Page
ENVIRONMENTAL AND GEOCHEMICAL METHODS AND APPLICATIONS . , . . . 134
f
The Present Status of Neutron Activation Analysis In Environmental
Research , * 135
E. Steinnes (Invited Paper)
Contribution of Neutron Activation Analysis and Radioanalytical
Techniques to Trace Element Spedation In Environmental
Analysis ..... 141
M. Gallorini, E. Orvini, E. Sabbioni, and R. Pietva
(Invited Paper)
Preconcentration Methods of Trace Elements In Water for EDXRF and
INAA 154
M. Ally, D. E. Klein, and T. L. Bauer
The Development of Tandem Accelerator Mass Spectroscopy at
Rochester for Cl-36, Be-10, and 1-129 Dating and Results From a
Variety of Natural Systems 165
L. E. Tubbs, D. Elmore, M. Wahlen, and 3. A, Chrwnyk
The Use of Bird Feathers for Indicating Heavy Metal
Pollution , 174
A. A. Goede and M. de Bruin
A Neutron Activation Analysis Technique for the Investigation of
Environmental Contamination With Iodine-129 . , . . .. 184
5. P. Stewart and B. T. Wilkins
Improved Method for the Determination of Dissolved
Radium-226 191
J. C. Yang
Application of Nuclear Analytical Methods to Heavy Metal
Pollution Studies of Estuaries . . . „ , 202
f
B. Anders, W. Junge, J. Knoth, W. Miohaelis, R. Pepelnik,
and H. Sohwenke
A Fast Radiochemical Procedure to Measure Neptunium, Plutonium,
Americium and Curium in Environmental Samples For Application
in Environmental Monitoring and in Radioecology Research . . , . . 216
M. Pimpl and H. Sahuttelkopf
A Novel Use of Disequilibrium Ages 1n Geothermal Energy
Exploration „ . . ,..,.. 228
G. G. Goles and R. S. Seymour
The Measurements of Pu-241 In Environmental Samples and In
Gaseous and Liquid Effluents 241
J. M. Godoy, H. Sahuttelkopf, and M. Pimpel
111
Page
Determination of Heavy Metal Pollutants Such as Hg, Zn, Se,
Cd and Cu in Aquatic Environment of Thana Creek by Radiochemical
Thermal Neutron Activation Analysis 248
S. Z. Khan, P. K. Shah, V. Ramani Rao, Z. R. Turel, and
B. C. Haldar
Determination of Trace Elements Associated with Colloidal
Material in Sea Water Using INAA and RNAA 256
B. Salbu, H. Bjornstad, H. Furberg Lystad, and B. Andi'esen
Identification of Sources cf Heavy Metals in the Dutch Atmosphere
Using Air Filter and Lichen Analysis 266
M. de Bruin and H. Th. Wolterbeek
Determination of Hydrogeologic Parameters and Media Nonhomogeneity
From Nuclear Tracer Breakthrough Curve Data 277
C. lu, W. A. Jester and A. R. Jarrett
Multielement Analysis of Picea Rubens Sarg. Tree Rings by
Proton-Induced X-Ray Emission 287
G. S. Hall
The Rare Earth Chemistry of Gold-Bearing Sedimentary Carbonate
Horizons from the Abitibi Greenstone Belt, Ontario, Canada . . 297
I. L. Gibson, R. Gwilym Roberts, and David J. R. Reading
A Comparison of Analytical Charge-Form and Equilibrium
Thermodynamic Speciation of Certain Radionuclides 302
E. A. Jenne, C. E. Cowan, and D. E. Robertson
Trace Elements in Suspended Particulate Matter and Liquid Fraction
of the Arno River Waters 311
G. Capannesi, A. Cecahi, and P. A. Hondo
Radiotracer Method for the Study of the Effectiveness of Various
Materials for Mitigating the Dispersal of Radioactive
Substances 322
R. W. Bild and B. T. Kenna
Radionuclides in Plankton From the South Pacific Basin . . .. 331
K. V. Marsh and R. W. Buddemier
Determination of Arsenic, Antimony and Selenium in Water by
Neutron Activation and Coprecipitation with Bismuth
Sulphide . 340
L. M. Bertini and I. M. Cohen
Elemental Composition of Chesapeake Bay Oyster C. Virginica in
the Vicinity, of Calvert Cliffs Nuclear Power Plant 348
M. Gavrilas and F. J. Munno
iv
2*91
| Nondestructive Low-energy Photon Analysis of Environmental
v Samples 357
I. L. Larsen, N. E. Cutshall, and C. R. Olsen
Short-Time Neutron Activation Analysis of Environmental
Standard Reference Materials 364
S. S. Ismail, F. Grass, P. Sahindler, and J. 0. Schmidt
A Fast Radiochemical Procedure to Measure Tc-99 in Environmental
Samples and Gaseous and Liquid Effluents 376
H. J. Luxenburger and H. Sahuttelkopf
Rare-Earth Element Determinations in Nigerian Rock Samples by
Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis 385
0. I. Asubiojo, T. R. Agayi, and V. P. Guinn
Multielement INAA of Chinese Standard Rocks and' Soils, and
of NBS Standards 394
Jing-xin Sun and R. E, Jevvis
ENERGY METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 406
Carry-Over of Fossil Fuel Impurities During Processes of
Upgrading and Utilization 407
R. E. Jervis, T. G. Pringle and B. Tiefenbach
(Invited Paper)
Rare Earth Element Behavior in the Development of Energy
Resources 425
J. C. haul (invited Paper)
Determination of Trace Elements in GPC Fractions of Oil-Sand
Asphaltenes by INAA 438
F. S. Jacobs, F. W. Bachelor, and R. H. Filby
Neutron Monitoring of Solutions Containing Fissile
Material 450
E. Gantner and H. J. Ache
The Application of the Los Alamos Nuclear Microprobe to the
Characterization of Trace Element-Mineral Associations in
Geologic Materials and Solid Wastes 457
T. M. Benjamin, P.S. Z. Rogers, E. J. Peterson, and
L. E. Wangen
Speciation of Titanium in Solvent Refined Coal Using
SESC-INAA 469
F. Iskander and R. H. Filby
Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis in the Measurement of
Trace Element Distribution at Two Coal Conversion Plants .... 481
f L. M. Roseberry and F. F. Dyer
V
Partitioning of Trace Elements in MHD Coal Combustion
Effluents 490 j
W. D. James* V. 0. Ogugbuaja, M. D. Glasaock, and '
R. C. Attig
Determination of Radioactive Trace Elements in Ashes and Fly
Ashes From Brazilian Coal Fired Power Plants 502
L. F. Bellido and B. de C. Avezzo
NUCLEAR AND ATOMIC METHODOLOGY 507
Clustering of Samples and Elements Based on Multi-Variable
Chemical Data 508
J. Op de Beeak (Invited Paper)
Developments and Applications of the ^-Standardization
Concept in (n,y) Activation Analysis 527
L. Moens, F. De Corte, A. Simonitis and J. Hoste
3
(Invited Paper)
Use of Perturbed Gamma-Gamma Directional Correlation Measurements
in Energy and Environmental Research . 540
P. Bode and M. de Bruin
Computer Simulation of Time-of-Event Counting Data For Measurement
of Ultra Low-Levels of Radioactivity S49
J. H. Kaye, E. R. Kinnison and. F. P. Bvauev
3
The Effect of Sample Matrix Composition on INAA Sample Weights,
Measurement Precisions, Limits of Detection, and Optimum
Conditions 553
V. P. Guinn, L. Nakazaioa, and J. Leslie
Some Uncertainties Associated with Self-Calibration of Micropixe
Analysis 566
A. S. Pasehoa, M. E. Wrenn, F. W. Bruenger, M. Cholewa, and
K. W. Jones
Determination of Li, B, and F by Rapid Instrumental Neutron
Activation Analysis Using Beta-Particle Counting 574
J. 0. Sohmidt, L. Palgaard, R. Gwozdz, and L. O. Belhage
Fully Automatic Quantitative Analysis of Alpha Radiation Spectral
Data Using a Minicomputer 584
D. A. Chambless, L. M. Pavma, and J. A. Broadway
Neutron Fluenee and Cross Section Measurements for Fast Neutron
Dosimetry 593
G. P. Lamaze., D. M. Gilliam, E. D. McGarry, and A. Fabry
The Use of Standard Reference Materials in Microanalysis . . .. 6 02
R. H. Filby, S. Nguyen, C. A. Grvm G. R. ISarkowski,
3
V. Ehxmbaram, T. Tanaka, and L. Grossman "~\
vi
Page
A Tool for Automated Method Design in Activation Analysis . . . 612
I D. D. Burgess and P. Hayumbu
Quality Assurance in Neutron Activation Analysis 620
K. Heydovn (Invited Paper)
Nuclear Methods: An Integral Part of the NBS Certification
Program 634
T. E. GUIs (Invited Paper)
High Accuracy/High Precision Determination of U-235 in
Nondestructive Assay Standards by Gamma-Ray Spectrometry . . .. 644
R. R. Greenberg and B. S. Carpenter
Quality Assurance Techniques for Activation Analysis 657
D. A. Beoker
Utilization of a Ct-252-U-235 Fueled Subcritical Multiplier
for Neutron Activation Analysis 667
N. A. Wogman and E. A. Lepel
The Neutron Self-Shielding and Precipitation Behaviour of
Gadolinium in Alkaline Solutions 674
P. Campbell, R. E. Hollies, and K.J.D. Wazney
A Novel, Convenient, and Nonpersiscent Radiotracer for
Environmental and Energy Applications 684
P. M. Grant
Activation Analysis of Stainless Steel Flux Monitors Using Cf-252
Neutron Sources 691
J. G. Williams, T. H. Newton, and C. 0. Cogburn
Trace Determination of Beryllium by Radioactivation in an
Oxygen-18 Ion Beam 699
Th. Diaao, C. Friedli, and P. Leveh
Sensitive Neutron Activation Method for Determination of Trace
Impurities in Cr Metal 707
S. Kataoff
BIOLOGICAL AND MEDICAL METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 714
Application of Cyclic Activation to In-Vivo Elemental
Analysis 715
N. M. Spyrou (Invited Paper)
In-Vivo Neutron Activation Analysis: Body Composition Studies in
Health and Disease 729
K. J. Ellis and S. H. Cohn (Invited Paper)
Measurement of Ca, Zn and Sr in Enamel of Human Teeth by XRF . . 742
s L. Wielopolski, J.D.B. Feather stone, and S. H. Cohn
vii