Occupational Ergonomics: Engineering and Administrative Controls (Principles and Applications in Engineering, 14)

676 Pages·2003·19.15 MB·English

by  Waldemar Karwowski

PRINCIPLES APPLICATIONS
AND
ENGINEERING SERIES
IN
OCCUPATIONAL
ERGONOMICS
Engineering and
Administrative Controls

PRINCIPLES APPLICATIONS
AND
ENGINEERING SERIES
IN
OCCUPATIONAL
ERGONOMICS
Engineering and
Administrative Controls
EDITED BY
Waldemar Karwowski
University of Louisville
Louisville, Kentucky
William S.Marras
The Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio
CRC PRESS
Boca Raton London New York Washington, D.C.
This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005.
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This material was previously published in The Occupational Ergonomics Handbook. © CRC Press LLC 1999.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Occupational ergonomics: engineering and administrative controls/edited by Walidemar
Karwowski, William S.Marras.
p. cm.—(Principles and applications in engineering; 14)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8493-1800-9
1. Human engineering. 2. Musculoskeletal system—Wounds and injuries—Prevention.
3. Industrial hygiene. I. Karwowski, Waldemar. II. Marras, William S. (William Steven),
1952- III. Series.
TA166.O257 2003
620.8'2—dc21
2002041399
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The Editors
Waldemar Karwowski, Ph.D., P.E., C.P.E., is Professor of
Industrial Engineering and Director of the Center for Industrial
Ergonomics at the University of Louisville, Kentucky. He holds
an M.S. (1978) in production management from Technical
University of Wroclaw, Poland, and a Ph.D. (1982) in Industrial
Engineering from Texas Tech University. His research, teaching,
and consulting activities focus on prevention of low back injury
and cumulative trauma disorders, human and safety aspects of
advanced manufacturing, fuzzy sets and systems, and theoretical
aspects of ergonomics.
Dr. Karwowski served as President (2000–2003) of the
International Ergonomics Association. He is editor of many
international journals, including Human Factors and Ergonomics
in Manufacturing, and Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, and consulting editor of
Ergonomics. He is the author or co-author of more than 200 scientific publications, including
25 books.
Dr. Karwowski is founder and chairman of the International Conference on Human Aspects
of Advanced Manufacturing and Hybrid Automation. He was the recipient of the Outstanding
Young Engineer of the Year Award, given by the Institute of Industrial Engineering. He was
also a Fulbright Scholar at Tampere University of Technology in Finland. He received the
President’s Award for Outstanding Scholarship, Research, and Creative Activity in the category
of Basic and Applied Science at the University of Louisville.
William S.Marras, Ph.D., C.P.E., holds the Honda Endowed
Chair in Transportation in the Department of Industrial,
Welding, and Systems Engineering at The Ohio State University,
Columbus. He is also the director of the biodynamics laboratory
and holds appointments in the departments of physical medicine
and biomedical engineering. Professor Marras is also the co-
director of the Ohio State University Institute for Ergonomics.
Dr. Marras received his Ph.D. in bioengineering and
ergonomics from Wayne State University in Detroit, Michigan.
His research centers around biomechanical epidemiologic
studies, laboratory biomechanic studies, mathematical
modeling, and clinical studies of the back and wrist.
His findings have been published in more than 100 refereed
journal articles and 12 book chapters, and he holds two patents, including one for the lumbar
motion monitor (LMM). His work has also attracted national and international recognition.
He has won the prestigious Swedish Volvo Award for Low Back Pain Research and Austria’s
Vienna Award for Physical Medicine.
v

Contributors
Elsayed Abdel-Moty Patrick G.Dempsey Tarek M.Khalil
Department of Industrial Liberty Mutual Research Department of Industrial
Engineering Center for Safety and Health Engineering
University of Miami Hopkinton, Massachusetts University of Miami
Coral Gables, Florida Coral Gables, Florida
Bradley Evanoff
W.Gary Allread School of Medicine Jung-Yong Kim
The Ohio State University Washington University
Department of Industrial
Columbus, Ohio St. Louis, Missouri
Engineering
Hanyang University
Charles K.Anderson Paul Gaddie
Ansan, Korea
Advanced Ergonomics, Inc. University of Louisville
Dallas, Texas Louisville, Kentucky
Stephan Konz
Department of IMSE
Gunnar B.J.Andersson Katharyn A.Grant
Kansas State University
Department of Orthopedic Robert A.Taft Laboratories
National Institute for Manhattan, Kansas
Surgery
Occupational Safety and
St. Luke’s Medical Center
Health Steven A.Lavender
Chicago, Illinois
Cincinnati, Ohio Department of Orthopedic
Surgery
Michele C.Battié
Thomas Hales St. Luke’s Medical Center
Department of Orthopaedics
National Institute for Chicago, Illinois
University of Washington
Occupational Safety and
Seattle, Washington
Health Wook Gee Lee
Patricia Bertsche Cincinnati, Ohio University of Louisville
The Ohio State University Louisville, Kentucky
Simon M.Hsiang
Columbus, Ohio
Liberty Mutual Research
Chris J.Main
Center for Safety and Health
Ram Bishu Department of Behavioural
Hopkinton, Massachusetts
IMSE Department Medicine
University of Nebraska Hope Hospital
Renliu Jang
Lincoln, Nebraska Salford, England
University of Louisville
Louisville, Kentucky
A.Kim Burton Richard W.Marklin
Department of Clinical Department of Mechanical and
Waldemar Karwowski
Biomechanics Industrial Engineering
Department of Industrial
Huddersfield Polytechnic Marquette University
Engineering
Huddersfield, England University of Louisville Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Louisville, Kentucky
Don B.Chaffin William S.Marras
Center for Ergonomics Glenda L.Key ISE Department
University of Michigan Key Functional Assessments The Ohio State University
Ann Arbor, Michigan Minneapolis, Minnesota Columbus, Ohio
vii
Stuart M.McGill Malcolm H.Pope Renee Steele-Rosomoff
University of Waterloo Department of Orthopaedic Comprehensive Pain and
Waterloo, Ontario, Canada Surgery Rehabilitation Center
Iowa Spine Research Center
University of Miami
Raymond M.McGorry University of Iowa Coral Gables, Florida
Iowa City, Iowa
Liberty Mutual Research
Center for Safety and Health Aboulfazl Shirazi-Adl
Hopkinton, Massachusetts Vern Putz-Anderson École Polytechnique
Applied Psychology and
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Ergonomics
Donald R.McIntyre
National Institute for
Interlogics Carolyn M.Sommerich
Occupational Safety and
Hillsborough, North Carolina ISE Department
Health
The Ohio State University
Cincinnati, Ohio
Stephen J.Morrissey Columbus, Ohio
State of Oregon
Robert G.Radwin
OSHA Leon M.Straker
Department of Industrial
Portland, Oregon Curtin University of
Engineering
Technology
University of Wisconsin
A.Muralidhar Shenton Park, Australia
Madison, Wisconsin
University of Nebraska
Lincoln, Nebraska Carol Stuart-Buttle
David Rempel
Stuart-Buttle Ergonomics
University of California
Robert W.Norman San Francisco, California Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Department of Kinesiology
University of Waterloo Valerie J.Rice Eira Viikari-Juntura
Waterloo, Ontario, Canada U.S. Army Research Institute of Department of Physiology
Environmental Medicine Finnish Institute of
Ewa Nowak Occupational Physiology Occupational Health
Department of Ergonomics Division Topeliuksenkatu, Finland
Research Natick, Massachusetts
Institute of Industrial Design Thomas R.Waters
Warsaw, Poland Richard G.Ried National Institute for
The Ohio State University Occupational
Mohamad Parnianpour Columbus, Ohio Safety and Health
Department of ISE Cincinnati, Ohio
The Ohio State University Stephen N.Robinovitch
Columbus, Ohio San Francisco General Hospital Richard Wells
San Francisco, California Department of Kinesiology
University of Waterloo
Hubert L.Rosomoff Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
Comprehensive Pain and
Rehabilitation Center
University of Miami
Coral Gables, Florida
Contents
Preface xiii
PART I MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
SECTION I Disorders of the Extremities
1
Epidemiology of Upper Extremity Disorders Bradley Evanoff and David Rempel 1-1
2
Integrated Analysis of Upper Extremity Disorders Richard Wells 2-1
3
Biomechanical Aspects of CTDs Richard W.Marklin 3-1
4
Occupational Risk Factors for Shoulder Disorders Eira Viikari-Juntura 4-1
5
Hand Tools: Design and Evaluation Robert G.Radwin 5-1
6
Gloves Ram Bishu and A.Muralidhar 6-1
7
Industrial Mats Jung-Yong Kim 7-1
8
Ergonomic Principles Applied to the Prevention of Injuries to the
Lower Extremity Steven A.Lavender and Gunnar B.J.Andersson 8-1
9
Ergonomics of the Foot Stephan Konz 9-1
SECTION II Low Back Disorders
10
Epidemiology of Back Pain in Industry Gunnar B.J.Andersson 10-1
11
Static Biomechanical Modeling in Manual Lifting Don B.Chaffin 11-1
ix