Nutritional management for enteric methane abatement

75 Pages·2011·5.12 MB·English

Reducing Greenhouse Gas
Contribution from
Ruminant Livestock
Karen Beauchemin and Sean McGinn
Lethbridge Research Centre, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
Outline
• Contribution of livestock to GHG emissions
• Measuring emissions
• Potential for mitigation
• “Holo”-istic approach – whole farm modeling
• Future perspectives
GHG emmisions - Global issue receiving
a lot of attention
Animal scientists need to be aware of this issue
2% of the global GHG
emissions
http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL34659.pdf
& Canada
http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL34659.pdf
1.0 CDN GHG 6x higher than SW
Proportion 0.8
of total GHG 0.6
0.4
for the
SWEDEN
0.2
country CANADA
0.0
0.6
Proportion of
0.5
agricultural
0.4
GHG by 0.3
0.2
SWEDEN
source
0.1
CANADA
0.0
Livestock's Long Shadow Report, FAO 2006
• “Livestock is one of the
top three most significant
contributors to
environmental problems.”
• “Livestock and their
manure account for 18%
of global GHG emissions”
• “Ruminants worst
offenders because of
enteric methane.”
Livestock sector is under increasing pressure to
be more environmentally sustainable
Feed digestion by ruminants
Animal production contributes
to GHG emissions
(8-18% of all GHG emissions)
Manure Feed production Land use
Livestock contribution to GHG
• FAO Long Shadow report (2006)
– 18% of global emissions
– Included production of feed to animals, production of inputs,
transport and processing, deforestation, changes in land use
10
9
8 1.7
IPCC other Agric
q
e 7 IPCC CO2
2
O
C IPCC animal
of 6 1.2 2.8
s
e 5
n 1
n
o
t 4
n
o
Billi 3 4.9 8-12% of global
4.3
4.1
2
GHG emissions
1
0
Denman et US EPA FAO (2006)
al (2007) (2006)
Figure from F. O’Mara, 2010 GGAA
Global agricultural emissions (2005)
(IPCC sources)
5-7 Billion tonnes CO eq/year
2
7%
11%
N2O soils
38%
CH4 enteric
12%
Biomass burning
Rice mgmt
Manure mgmt
32%
Source: US EPA (2006)