Numerical embedded computing

512 Pages·1992·1.699 MB·English

by  Don Morgan

Numerical Methods
Real-Time and Embedded Systems Programming
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
gnirutaeF htped-ni
coverage of:
dexdinFa
l
gnitaolf tniop
mathematical
techniques
tuohtiwa
coprocessor
laciremuNO/I
l
for embedded
systems
ataDnoisrevnoc
l
methods
Don Morgan
Numerical Methods
Real-Time and Embedded Systems Programming
Numerical Methods
Real-Time and Embedded Systems Programming
gnirutaeF htped-ni
egarevoc :fo
dexiFdna
l
gnitaolf tniop
mathematical
techniques
tuohtiwa
coprocessor
lacirOe/mIuN
l
rofdeddebme
systems
noisrev naotcaD
l
methods
Don Morgan
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QA76.6.M669 1992
513.2 ' 0285—dc20 91-47911
CIP
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95 94 93 92 4 3 2 1
:skramedarT The 80386, 80486 are registered trademarks and the 8051, 8048, 8086, 8088,
691CO 8dna 68208 esrtacud o ,rfnpoo ialtt ean,traanoSrIparl oC.CAC ehT 08Z sid earetsiger
krameda rfto goli Z,,.lclneIbp m.aACC e h0T1043SM Tsi a tcudorp f o,s t,snsaeaxmleulTratDsnI
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Acknowledgment
Thank you Anita, Donald and Rachel
for your love and forbearance.
Contents
YHW SIHT KOOB SI ROFUOY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3
RETPAHC :1 SREBMUN ............................................... 7
smetsyS fonoitatneserpeR ........................................................... 8
Bases .............................................................................. 9
ehT xidaR ,tnioP dexiF dnagnitaolF ............................................. 12
sepyT focitemhtirA .......................................................... 15
dexiFtnioP ................................................................... 15
gnitaolFtnioP ................................................................. 17
evitisoP dna evitageNsrebmuN ............................................... 18
latnemadnuF citemhtirAselpicnirP ............................................ 21
srossecorporciM ....................................................................... 21
htdiwsuB ....................................................................... 22
ataDepyt ......................................................................... 24
sgalF ........................................................................ 24
g n diy ndkeatnchiuitBotRS ........................................... 25
gnihcnarB ............................................................. 26
NUMERICAL METHODS
snoitcurtsnI ............................................................................................. 26
noitiddA ............................................................................................ 26
noitcartbuS ........................................................................................ 27
noitacilpitluM .................................................................................. 27
noisiviD ............................................................................................ 28
noitageN dnasngiS ............................................................................. 28
,stfihS setatoR dnanoitazilamroN ....................................................... 29
lamiceD IIC SdAna snoitcurtsnI ......................................................... 30
RETPAHC :2 SREGETNI .......................................................... 33
noitiddA dnanoitcartbuS ............................................................................. 33
dengisnU noitiddA dnanoitcartbuS .................................................... 33
noisicerpitluMcitemhtirA .................................................................. 35
:46ddamhtiroglA ............................................................................... 36
:46ddagnitsiL ..................................................................................... 36
:46busmhtiroglA ................................................................................ 37
:46busgnitsiL ..................................................................................... 37
dengiS noitiddA dnanoitcartbuS ........................................................ 38
lamiceD noitiddA dnanoitcartbuS ...................................................... 40
noitacilpitluM dnanoisiviD ......................................................................... 42
dengiS .svdengisnU ....................................................................... 43
:noitarepo-dengis mhtiroglA ............................................................... 44
:noitarepo-dengis gnitsiL ................................................................... 45
yraniBnoitacilpitluM .................................................................................. 46
:lumcmhtiroglA ................................................................................ 49
:lumcgnitsiL .................................................................................... 49
STNETNOC
A rets atFfihS and ddA ................................................................................. 50
:2lumc mhtiroglA .............................................................................. 51
:2lumcgnitsiL .................................................................................... 52
gnippikS senO dnasoreZ ............................................................................. 53
:htoobmhtiroglA ................................................................................ 55
:htoobgnitsiL ..................................................................................... 55
bit-pair: mhtiroglA ............................................................................. 57
bit-pair: gnitsiL ................................................................................. 58
erawdraH :noitacilpitluM elgniS dnanoisicerpitluM ..................................... 16
:231um mhtiroglA ............................................................................... 62
:231umgnitsiL .................................................................................... 63
yraniBnoisiviD ........................................................................................... 64
rorrEgnikcehC .................................................................................. 64
erawtfoSnoisiviD ........................................................................................ 65
:vidcmhtiroglA .................................................................................. 67
:vidc Listing. ..................................................................................... 86
erawdraHnoisiviD ...................................................................................... 69
div32: mhtiroglA ................................................................................ 47
:23vidgnitsiL .................................................................................... 75
:46vidmhtiroglA ............................................................................... 79
:46vidgnitsiL ..................................................................................... 80
RETPAHC ;3 LAER SREBMUN .................................................. 85
dexiF tnioP ................................................................................................. 86
tnacifingiS Bits ............................................................................................ 78
The xidaR tnioP ......................................................................................... 89
gnidnuoR .................................................................................................... 89
cisaB tnioP-dexiFsnoitarepO ...................................................................... 92
LACIREMUNSDOHTEM
A enituoR rof gniwarsDelcriC ................................................................... 95
circle: Algorithm .......................................................................... 98
:elcric gnitsiL ................................................................................ 98
mhtirog lgAniwarD-en isL’mahneserB ............................................ 100
line: Algorithm ............................................................................. 101
:genniitlsiL ....................................................................................... 102
noisiviD ybnoisrevnI ............................................................................. 105
:twenvidmhtiroglA .............................................................................. 108
:twenvidgnitsiL ................................................................................ 109
noisiviD ybnoitacilpitluM .............................................................................. 114
:lumvidmhtiroglA .............................................................................. 116
:lumvidgnitsiL ................................................................................... 117
RETPAHC :4 TNIOP-GNITAOLF CITEMHTIRA ........................ 123
What To Expect ....................................................................................... 124
A llamS tnioP-gnitaolFegakcaP ................................................................ 127
ehT stnemelE fo a tnioP-gnitaolFrebmuN .............................................. 128
Extended Precision ............................................................................ 131
ehT lanretxEsenituoR ................................................................................. 132
:dda_pf mhtiroglA ............................................................................. 132
fp_add: Listing ................................................................................. 133
ehT eroCsenituoR ........................................................................................ 134
gnittiF esehT senituoR ot nanoitacilppA ...................................................... 136
noitiddA dna :noitcartbuSDDALF .............................................................. 136
:DDALF ehT .eugolorPmhtiroglA ...................................................... 138
:DDALF ehT .eugolorPgnitsiL .......................................................... 138
ehT DDALF enituoR hcihW dnarepO si ?tsegmrhatLiroglA .............. 140
ehT DDALF:enituoR hcihW dnarepO si ?tsegrganLitsiL .................... 141
STNETNOC
ehT DD A:Le FngintiunogRil Aeht xid a.RsmthntiiorPoglA ................. 142
ehT DDALF :enituoR gningilA eht xidaR .tnioPgnitsiL .................... 143
:DDALF ehT .eugolipmEhtiroglA ..................................................... 144
:DDALF ehT .eugolipEgnitsiL ........................................................... 145
noitacilpitluM dna :noisiviDLUMLF .......................................................... 147
:lumlfmhtiroglA ................................................................................. 147
:lumlf gnitsiL .................................................................................... 148
:a461um mhtiroglA ........................................................................... 151
:a461umgnitsiL ................................................................................. 152
VIDLF ............................................................................................... 154
:vidlfmhtiroglA .................................................................................. 154
:vidlfgnitsiL ...................................................................................... 155
gnidnuoR ..................................................................................................... 159
:dnuoRmhtiroglA ............................................................................... 159
:dnuoRgnitsiL ................................................................................... 160
RETPAHC :5 ,TUPNI ,TUPTUO DNANOISREVNOC ....... ....... 361.
lamiceDcitemhtirA ...................................................................................... 164
snoisrevnoC xidaR ...................................................................................... 165
regetnI noisrevnoC ybnoisiviD ................................................................... 165
:tnd_nbmhtiroglA .............................................................................. 166
:tnd_nbgnitsiL ................................................................................... 167
regetnI noisrevnoC ybnoitacilpitluM ........................................................... 169
:nb_tndmhtiroglA .............................................................................. 170
:nb_tndgnitsiL ................................................................................... 170
noitcarF noisrevnoC by noitacilpitluM .......................................................... 172
:cd_cfbmhtiroglA ............................................................................... 173
:cd_cfbgnitsiL .................................................................................... 173