Numerical and Physical Aspects of Aerodynamic Flows II

412 Pages·1984·9.22 MB·English

by  T. Cebeci

Proceedings of a
Symposium on
Numerical and
Physical Aspects of
Aerodynamic Flows II
Numerical and
Physical Aspects of
Aerodynamic Flows II
Edited by Tuncer Cebeci
With 171 Illustrations
[S)
Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
Tuncer Cebeci
Douglas Aircraft Company
3855 Lakewood Boulevard
Long Beach, CA 90846
U.S.A.
and
California State University
Long Beach, CA 90840
U.S.A.
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Symposium of Numerical and Physical Aspects of
Aerodynamic Flows (2nd : 1983 : California State
University, Long Beach)
Symposium of Numerical and Physical Aspects of
Aerodynamic Flows II.
Includes index.
1. Aerodynamics-Congresses. I. Cebeci, Tuncer.
TL570.S95 1983 629.132'32 83-12482
© 1984 by Springer Science+B usiness Media New York
Originally published by Springer-Verlag New York Berlin Heidelberg Tokyo in 1984
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1984
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Typeset by Science Typographers, Medford, NY.
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
ISBN 978-3-662-09016-9 ISBN 978-3-662-09014-5 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-09014-5
Professor KEITH STEWARTSON, D.Sc., F.R.S.
1925-1983
This volume is dedicated to Keith Stewartson in recognition of his considerable
contributions to fluid dynamics in general and to the subject of this book in
particular. He is sadly missed by his friends and colleagues.
Preface
The Second Symposium on Numerical and Physical Aspects of Aerodynamic
Flows was held at California State University, Long Beach, from 17 to 20
January 1983. Forty-eight papers were presented, including Keynote Lec
tures by A. M. 0. Smith and J. N. Nielsen, in ten technical sessions which
were supplemented and complemented by two Open Forum Sessions,
involving a further sixteen technical presentations and a Panel Discussion
on the "Identification of priorities for the development of calculation
methods for aerodynamic bodies." The Symposium was attended by 120
research workers from nine countries and, as in the First Symposium,
provided a basis for research workers to communicate, to assess the present
status of the subject and to formulate priorities for the future. In contrast to
the First Symposium, the papers and discussion were focused more clearly
on the subject of flows involving the interaction between viscous and
inviscid regions and the calculation of pressure, velocity and temperature
characteristics as a function of geometry, angle of attack and Mach number.
Rather more than half the papers were concerned with two-dimensional
configurations and the remainder with wings, missiles and ships.
This volume presents a selection of the papers concerned with two
dimensional flows and a review article specially prepared to provide essen
tial background information and link the topics of the individual papers.
The decision to concentrate on two-dimensional flows was taken because the
related papers provided the best compromise between a cohesive pattern of
research activity and the economy of space so necessary in published
volumes of proceedings. The papers concerned with three-dimensional flows
vii
viii Preface
are in the unpublished volume prepared by the University and available
from the Chairman of the Mechanical Engineering Department. Those
presented here have been modified and improved as a consequence of
suggestions made by the session chairmen and the authors themselves. In
most cases, they have been shortened to meet the stringent limitations
imposed by the need to ensure the best value for each printed page. It is a
pleasure to acknowledge the willingness with which the contributors under
took the task of modification and the efforts which they so successfully
made to ensure that their papers conveyed essential information, and
thereby contributed to the archival nature of the volume.
The review article, prepared by Professors K. Stewartson and J. H.
Whitelaw and myself, attempts to put the individual papers in context with
each other and with the larger body of information available in recent
literature. It also provides recommendations for future research which are
based, in part, on the related Panel Discussion of the Symposium at which
statements were provided by L. Keel, R. E. Melnik, H. McDonald, M. W.
Rubin and H. Y oshihara. The Keynote paper by A. M. 0. Smith is
concerned with wings, as well as airfoils, and provides a practical perspec
tive for those whose current research emphasis is on two-dimensional flows.
The remaining 22 papers have been placed in four parts which bring
together the closely related papers and provide a convenient framework for
the reader.
The Symposium was made possible partly by financial support provided
to the California State University by NASA Ames and Langley Research
Centers, the U.S. Army Research Office (ARO), the National Science
Foundation (NSF) and the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVC), and also
by the cooperation of authors, session chairmen, participants and colleagues
at the University. Particular thanks are due to W. F. BaUhaus and V. L.
Peterson of NASA Ames, D. Bushnell of NASA Langley, R. E. Singleton of
ARO, G. K. Lea of NSF, L. Pasiuk of NAV SEA and H. Unt of the
University. The content of the volume was decided after extensive discus
sions, especially with D. Bushnell, H. McDonald, K. Stewartson and J. H.
Whitelaw. The editing process benefitted considerably from the efforts of
Nancy Barela and Sue Schimke and it is a pleasure to acknowledge their
help.
Long Beach, California TUNCER CEBECI
April 1983
Contents
General Review
The Calculation of Two-Dimensional Flow Past Airfoils
T. Cebeci, K. Stewartson and J. H. Whitelaw 1
Keynote Paper
Wing Design and Analysis-Your Job
A. M. 0. Smith . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
PART 1. Navier-Stokes Methods
1. Time-Dependent Finite-Difference Simulation of Unsteady
Interactive Flows
G. S. Deiwert and H. E. Bailey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
2. Global Solution Procedures for Incompressible Laminar Flow
with Strong Pressure Interaction and Separation
S. G. Rubin and D. R. Reddy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
3. Measurements and Calculations of a Separating Boundary-Layer
and the Downstream Wake
D. Adair, B. E. Thompson and J. H. Whitelaw . . . . . . . . . . . 97
4. Numerical Simulation of Turbulent Trailing Edge Flows
C. C. Horstman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
5. Viscous-Inviscid Matching Using Imbedded Navier-Stokes
Solutions
P. Bradshaw, M.A. Kavanagh and D. Mobbs. . . . . . . . . . . 125
ix
x Contents
PART 2. Interactive Methods and Measurements: Subsonic Flows
6. A Survey of Recent Work on Interacted Boundary-Layer Theory
for Flow With Separation
H. McDonald and W. R. Briley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
7. Prediction of Subsonic Separation Bubbles on Airfoils by
Viscous-Inviscid Interaction
0. K Kwon and R. H. Pletcher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
8. A Calculation Method of Leading-Edge Separation Bubbles
C. Gleyzes, J. Cousteix, J. L. Bonnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
9. An Interactive Approach to Subsonic Flows with Separation
T. Cebeci and R. W. Clark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
10. Viscousjlnviscid Interaction Analysis of Asymmetric Trailing
Edge Flows
V. N. Vatsa and J. M. Verdon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
11. A Comparison Between the Predicted and Experimental
Characteristics of a NACA 64r418 Aerofoil at Low Reynolds
Numbers
P. M. Render and J. L. Stol/ery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
12. Measurements of Attached and Separated Turbulent Flows in
the Trailing-Edge Regions of Airfoils
A. Nakayama . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
PART 3. Interactive Methods: Transonic Flows
13. Numerical Viscous-Inviscid Interaction in Steady and Unsteady
Flows
J.-C. LeBa/leur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
14. Computation of Transonic Viscous-lnviscid Interacting Flow
D. L. Whitfield, J. L. Thomas, A. Jameson
and W. Schmidt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
15. Unsteady Viscous Transonic Flow Computations Using the
LTRAN2-NLR Code Coupled with Green's Lag-Entrainment
Method
R. Houwink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
16. On the Coupling of Boundary-Layer and Euler Equation
Solutions
E. M. Murman and T. R. A. Bussing.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
17. Investigation of Compressible Laminar, Boundary-Layer
Solution Behavior at Separation Using a Displacement Thick
ness-Based Normal Scaling
M. Drela and W. T. Thompkins, Jr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
Contents x1
18. Transonic Small Disturbance Calculations Including Entropy
Corrections
M. Hafez and D. Lovell. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337
19. A Modified Shock-Point Operator with Stagnation-Density
Correction
L. T. Chen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
PART 4. Analytical Methods
20. The Interaction Between a Steady Laminar Boundary-Layer
and an Oscillating Flap: The Condensed Problem
P. W Duck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
21. Application of Unsteady Laminar Triple-Deck Theory to
Viscous-Inviscid Interactions From an Oscillating Flap in
Supersonic Flow
M.-K Huang and G. R. Inger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381
22. Interactive Separation From a Fixed Wall
L. L. van Dommelen and S. F. Shen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403