Nuclear Shapes and Nuclear Structure at Low Excitation Energies

433 Pages·1992·13.286 MB·English

by  E. W. Otten (auth.), Dr. Michel Vergnes, Dr. Jocelyne Sauvage, Dr. Paul-Henri Heenen, Dr. Hong Tuan Duong (eds.)

Nuclear Shapes and
Nuclear Structure at
Low Excitation Energies
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Series B: PhYSICS
Nuclear Shapes and
Nuclear Structure at
Low Excitation Energies
Edited by
Michel Vergnes and Jocelyne Sauvage
Institut de Physique Nucleaire
Orsay, France
Paul-Henri Heenen
Universite Libre de Bruxelles
Bruxelles, Belgium
and
Hong Tuan Duong
Laboratoire Aime Cotton
Orsay, France
Springer Science+ Business Media, LLC
Proceedings of a NArO Advanced Research Workshop on
Nuclear Shapes and Nuclear Structure at Low Excitation Energies,
held June 3-7,1991,
in Cargese, France
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Nuclear shapes and nuclear structure at low excitation energ1es !
edited by Michel Vergnes ... [et al.].
p. cm. -- (NATO ASI series. Ser ies B, Physics ; v. 289)
"Proceedings of a NATO Advanced Research Workshop an Nuclear
Shapes and Nuclear Structure at Low Excitation Energies, held June
3-7, 1991, in Cargese, France"--T.p. versa.
"Publlshed in cooperat ion w1th NATO Scient1fic Affalrs Divis10n."
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4613-6473-3 ISBN 978-1-4615-3342-9 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4615-3342-9
1. Nuclear shapes--Congresses. 2. Nuclear structure--Congresses.
3. Nuclear spectroscopy--Congresses. 1. Vergnes, Michel.
II. North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Scientific Affairs
Divis10n. III. NATO Advanced Research Workshop an Nuclear Shapes
dnd Nuclear Structure at Law Excitation Energies li991 Cargese.
France) IV. Series.
QC793.3.N83N83 1992
539.7·4--dc20 92-7776
CIP
ISBN 978-1-4613-6473-3
© 1992 Springer Science+Business Media New York
Originally published by Plenum Press, New York in 1992
AII rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming,
recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher
International Committee
H.G. BORNER (Grenoble)
C. BRIANCON (Orsay)
P.R CHASMAN (Argonne)
A. FAESSLER (TUbingen)
A. GIZON (Grenoble)
W.D. HAMll..TON (Brighton)
P.G. HANSEN (Aarhus)
RW. HOFF (Livermore)
V.S. LETHOKOV (Moscow)
T. MARUMORI (Tsukuba)
A. RICHTER (Darmstadt)
H. SERGOLLE (Orsay)
R.K. SHELINE (Tallahassee)
V.G. SOLOVIEV (Dubna)
N.J. STONE (Oxford)
M. VENERONI (Orsay)
T. VON EGIDY (Munchen)
Organizing Committee
R BABINET (Saclay)
H.T. DUONG (Orsay)
D. GOUTTE (Saclay)
P.H. HEENEN (Bruxelles)
J. LIDERT (Orsay)
E.W. OTTEN (Mainz)
J. PINARD (Orsay)
P. QUENTIN (Orsay)
B. ROUSSIERE (Orsay)
J. SAUVAGE (Orsay)
M. VERGNES (Orsay)
Workshop Secretariat
F. DYKSTRA (Orsay)
v
PREFACE
The present NATO Advanced Research Workshop held in Cargese (Corsica) from June
3rd to June 7th, 1991, was devoted to Nuclear Shapes and Nuclear Structure at Low Excitation
Energies.
We tried to organize the Workshop to facilitate the exchange of information in a rapidly
moving field, where theorists and experimentalists are continuously developing and
implementing new and powerful techniques in order, both to improve our knowledge and
understanding of already known areas and to open completely new and fascinating frontier
domains, as for example in the case of the recent discovery of Superdeformations.
The informal atmosphere of Cargese contributed to easy contacts and scientific exchanges
and to relaxed -although fruitful and sometimes passionate -discussions.
We would like to express our gratitude to NATO for its financial support which made this
Workshop possible.
We acknowledge the support of the Institut de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des
a
Particules (France), the Commissariat l'Energie Atomique (France), and the Centre National
de la Recherche Scientifique -Mathematiques et Physique de Base (France).
Our special appreciation is due to Frederique Dykstra and Josepha Nsair for their
outstanding organizational work throughout the preparation and duration of this conference. We
want to acknowledge at this occasion the help of many people from the departments of the
Institut de Physique Nucleaire of Orsay.
It is also a pleasure to thank the Universite de Nice for making available the facilities of
the Cargese Scientific Institute.
Last but not least we would like to express our gratitude to Marie-France Hanseler,
Director of the Cargese Institute and to the staff of the Institute, in particular Chantal Ariano
and Joseph Antoine Ariano for making our stay in Cargese extremely enjoyable.
J.SAUVAGE
M. VERGNES
vii
CONTENTS
1-INTRODUCTION
Introductory Remarks 3
E.W.Otten
Panoramic New Vistas of Nuclei in and near Their Ground States 17
J. H. Hamilton
Nuclear Shapes and Nuclear Structure at Low Excitation Energies:
Theoretical Aspects 39
K. Heyde
Atomic Physics and Nuclear Properties 55
J. Bauche
II -ATOMIC METHODS IN NUCLEAR SPECTROSCOPY
Progress in Atomic Physics Experiments on Nuclear Properties 69
R. Neugart
Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy of Rare-Earth Elements at Iris Facility 81
G.D. Alkhazov, A.E. Barzakh, V.N. Panteleyev, E.P. Sudentas,
V.N. Fedoseyev, V.S. Letokhov, V.1. Mishin and S.K. Sekatsky
Atomic Spectroscopy as a Probe of Parity Non-Conserving Effects in the Nucleus 87
A.M. MArtensson-Pendrill
Isotope Shifts and Hyperfine Structure in Polonium Isotopes by Atomic Beam
Laser Spectroscopy 93
D. Kowalewska, K. Bekk, S. Goring, A. Hanser, W. Kiilber, G. Meisel
andH. Rebel
III-SINGLE PARTICLES ASPECT
Single-Particle Response Function:Complementary Aspects of (e,e'p)
and Transfer Reactions 101
S. Gales
ix
Intruder States and Low Energy Nuclear Spectroscopy 123
R. Bengtsson .
Rotational Structures and Residual Interactions in Doubly Odd Nuclei 143
AJ. Kreiner
Collective and Quasi-Particle Degrees of Freedom in 178Hf 163
Ph. Quentin, S.I. Krieger, J. Libert and M.S. Weiss
Diabatic Effects and Shape Coexistence in Neutron Deficient Pb Isotopes 169
N. Tajima, P. Bonche, J. Dobaczewski, H. Flocard and P.-H. Heenen
IV -MULTIPHONON STATES
Low-Energy Multiphonon States in Deformed Nuclei 179
R. Piepenbring
Low-Lying Vibrational States in Deformed Nuclei 195
V.G. Soloviev, AV. Sushkov and N.Yu. Shirikova
V -SHAPES AND COEXISTENCE
Algebraic Approaches to Nuclear Structure 203
R.F. Casten
Shape Coexistence in the Pb Region 219
M. Huyse, P. Decrock, P. Dendooven, G. Reusen, P. Van Duppen
and J. Wauters
Population of the Oblate and Prolate Systems in 187A u Produced
at Various Beam Energies in Two Different Reactions 227
A Korichi, N. Perrin, C. Bourgeois, F. Hannachi, D. Hojman,
D.G. Popescu, M.G. Porquet and H. Sergolle
The Shell Model Distribution of Nuclear Shapes 233
J. Carvalho and D.J. Rowe
Magnetic Dipole Excitations of Heavy Nonspherical Nuclei 239
D. Zawischa and J. Speth
VI -OCTUPOLES
Reflection-Asymmetric Shapes in Atomic Nuclei 247
W. Nazarewicz
Electric Transition Strengths in Octupole Nuclei Measured by
Coulomb Excitation 267
P.A. Butler, N. Clarkson, T.Czosnyka, R. Ibbotson, C.A White,
B. Kotlinski, D. Cline, R.A Cunningham, M. Devlin,
K.G. Helmer, T.H. Hoare, J.R. Hugues, G.D. Jones,
A.E. Kavka, I-Y. Lee, R.I. Poynter, J. Srebrny, W. Urban,
E.G. Vogt, R. Wadsworth,D.L. Watson and C.-Y. Wu
Open Questions on the Low-Energy Negative-Parity Excitations 271
I.N. Mikhailov and Ch. Brian~on
vn -SUPERDEFORMATION
Microscopic Description of Superdeformation at Low Spin 281
P. Bonche, H. Flocard, P.-H. Heenen, J. Meyer, J. Dobaczewski,
S.J. Krieger and M.S. Weiss
Superdeformation:An Experimental Review 299
R.V.F. Janssens
Thallium Isotopes:A Set of "Identical" Superdeformed Bands 315
F. Azaiez, C.W. Beausang, J.V. de Boer, M.A. Deleplanque,
R.M. Diamond, J.E. Draper, W.H. Kelly, W. Korten,
A.O. Macchiavelli, E. Rubel, M. Rohn, F.S. Stephens,
J.A. Becker, M.J. Brinkman, J.A. Cizewski, E.A. Henry,
A. Kuhnert, T.P. Wang and S.W. Yates
Microscopic Description of Quadrupole and Octupole Modes
in the Superdeformation Region of 192fIg 323
J.P. Delaroche, J.F. Berger, M. Girod, J. Libert, I. Deloncle
and L.M. Robledo
vrn -
EXOTIC NUCLEI
Isospin Forbidden PT ransitions to Low-Lying 0+ States
and the Effect on Superallowed Decay Rates 331
E. Hagberg, V.T. Koslowsky, J.C. Hardy, and I.S. Towner
Nuclei Far from Stability and the R-Process Waiting-Point Concept 339
K.L. Kratz, H. Gabelmann, P. Moller, B. Pfeiffer, H.L. Ravn,
A. Wohr and F.-K. Thielemann
Emission of Neutrons and the Neutron Halo of llLi 347
M. Lewitowicz, R. Anne, S.E. Arnell, R. Bimbot , H. Emling,
D. Guillemaud-Mueller, P.G. Hansen, L. Johannsen,
B. Jonson, S. Mattsson, A.C. Mueller, R. Neugart,
G. Nyman, F. Pougheon, A. Richter, K. Riisager,
M.G. Saint-Laurent, O. Sorlin and K. Wilhelmsen
Search for New Radioactivities at the Proton Drip-Line 353
F. Pougheon, V. Borrel, D. Guillemaud-Mueller, A.C. Mueller,
R. Anne, C. D6traz, M. Lewitowicz, D. Bazin, J.P. Dufour,
A. Fleury, F. Hubert and M.S. Pravikoff
Internal Conversion Anomaly around A=187 359
B. Roussiere, P. Kilcher, F. Le Blanc, J. Oms, J. Sauvage,
H. Dautet and the ISOCELE COLLABORATION
Exploration of the Neutron-Rich Mass Surface from llLi to 66Fe 365
D.J. Vieira, X.G. Zhou, X.L. Tu, J.M. Wouters, H.L. Seifert,
K.E.G. LObner, Z.Y. Zhou, V.G. Lind and G.W. Butler
xi
IX-CHAOS
Statistical Properties of Complete Level Schemes 373
T. von Egidy
x -EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES
Nuclear Moments by Orientation Methods 383
H. Postma
High-Accuracy Mass Detennination of Unstable Rb, Sr, Cs, Ba, Fr
and Ra Isotopes with a Penning Trap Mass Spectrometer 399
G. Bollen, H.-J. Kluge, H. Hartmann, T. Otto, G. Savard,
L. Schweikhard, H. Stolzenberg, G. Audi, R.B. Moore,
G. Rouleau and the ISOLDE COLLABORA nON
y-Ray Spectroscopy of Relativistic Fragments:A Novel Technique 407
R. Holzmann for the LAND COLLABORA nON
Lifetime Measurements in Medium Heavy Nuclei Using
the Gamma Ray Induced Doppler Broadening (GRID) Technique 415
J. Jolie and H.G. Borner
Post Acceleration of Radioactive Beams:A New Tool for Nuclear Physics
Studies 423
P. Decrock, T. Delbar, P. Duhamel, W. Galster, M. Huyse,
P. Leleux, 1. Licot, E. Lienard, P. Lipnik, M. Loiselet,
C. Michotte, G. Ryckewaert, P. Van Duppen, J. Vanhorenbeeck
and J. Vervier
In Beam Nuclear Polarization of Radioactive Ion Beams 429
J. Wouters, W. Vanderpoorten, P. de Moor, P. Schuurmans,
N. Severijns, R. Siebelink, J. Vanhaverbeke, L. Vanneste
and J. Vervier
XI -CONCLUSION
Concluding Remarks 437
Ph. Quentin
Participants 447
Index 455
xii