Novel Insights on Chronic Kidney Disease, Acute Kidney Inj. ,Polycys. Kidn. Dis.

144 Pages·2012·2.56 MB·English

by  S. Vijayakumar

NOVEL INSIGHTS
ON CHRONIC KIDNEY
DISEASE, ACUTE KIDNEY
INJURY AND POLYCYSTIC
KIDNEY DISEASE

Edited by Soundarapandian Vijayakumar
Novel Insights on Chronic Kidney Disease,
Acute Kidney Injury and Polycystic Kidney Disease
Edited by Soundarapandian Vijayakumar

Published by InTech
Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia

Copyright © 2012 InTech
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First published February, 2012
Printed in Croatia

A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com
Additional hard copies can be obtained from [email protected]

Novel Insights on Chronic Kidney Disease, Acute Kidney Injury and Polycystic Kidney
Disease, Edited by Soundarapandian Vijayakumar
p. cm.
ISBN 978-953-51-0234-2

Contents

Preface IX
Part 1 Acute and Chronic Kidney Diseases 1
Chapter 1 Congenital Obstructive
Nephropathy: Clinical
Perspectives and Animal Models 3
Susan E. Ingraham and Kirk M. McHugh
Chapter 2 Association Between
Haemoglobin Variability and
Clinical Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease 30
Roshini Malasingam, David W. Johnson and Sunil V. Badve
Chapter 3 Complexity of Differentiating
Cerebral-Renal Salt Wasting
from SIADH, Emerging Importance
of Determining Fractional Urate Excretion 41
John K. Maesaka, Louis Imbriano,
Shayan Shirazian and Nobuyuki Miyawaki
Chapter 4 Epidemiology, Causes and
Outcome of Obstetric Acute Kidney Injury 67
Namrata Khanal, Ejaz Ahmed and Fazal Akhtar
Part 2 Polycystic Kidney Diseases 85
Chapter 5 Extracellular Matrix
Abnormalities in Polycystic Kidney Disease 87
Soundarapandian Vijayakumar
Chapter 6 Angiogenesis and the
Pathogenesis of Autosomal
Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease 93
Berenice Reed and Wei Wang
VI Contents

Part 3 The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone Pathway 111
Chapter 7 The Renin-Angiotensin-
ldosterone System in Dialysis Patients 113
Yoshiyuki Morishita and Eiji Kusano
Chapter 8 Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Aldosteronism 125
Ozlem Tiryaki and Celalettin Usalan

Preface

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been recently recognized by the United Nations as
a major non-communicable disease that poses significant health burden to the world
population. This book offers novel insights on topics such as congenital obstructive
nephropathy, cerebral-renal salt wasting, and the role of hemoglobin variability in
clinical outcomes of CKD which are not very often discussed in the literature. Two
related topics, primary aldosteronism and the role of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone
system in the development of hypertension in CKD patients are also discussed. Acute
Kidney Injury (AKI), characterized by a rapid reduction in kidney function, is more
common in hospitalized patients and is an independent risk factor for mortality. Dr.
Khanal Namrata discusses the epidemiology, causes and outcome of obstetric acute
kidney injury in this book. Polycystic Kidney Diseases (PKD) are a group of genetic
diseases affecting nearly 12 million people worldwide and there has been a significant
interest and progress in the understanding of these diseases. Two often overlooked
topics, the role of extracellular matrix abnormalities in PKD cystogenesis and
progression, and the role of angiogenesis in ADPKD pathogenesis provide critical
insights into these topics. With comprehensive and insightful reviews by eminent
clinicians and scientists in the field, this book is a valuable tool for nephrologists.

Dr. S. Vijayakumar, Ph.D
Pediatric Nephrology
University of Rochester Medical Center
USA