Table Of ContentEXS 66
"Cover: Currents through single nonselective cation channels were recorded in
the inside-out configuration from neutrophilic cells stimulated with
N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine. The openings are seen as upward
and downward deflections at positive (60 mY) and negative (-60 mY) potentials,
respectively. For details see Krautwurst et aI., (1992), Biochem. J. 228:1025-1035."
Nonselective Cation
Channels
Pharmacology, Physiology and
Biophysics
Edited by D. Siemen
J. Hescheler
Birkhiuser Verlag
Basel· Boston . Berlin
Editors:
Professor Dr. Detlef Siemen PD Dr. Jurgen Hescheler
Institut fur Zoologie Institut fur Pharmakologie
Universitat Regensburg Freie Universitat Berlin
Universitatsstrasse 31 Thielallee 69-73
D-93040 Regensburg D-14195 Berlin
This book was made possible by generous financial support from Boehringer Ingelheim KG,
Ingelheim, FRG and Hoechst AG, Frankfurt, FRG.
Library of Congress CataIoging-in-Publication Data
Nonselective cation channels: pharmacology, physiology, and biophysics
I edited by D. Siemen, 1. Hescheler.
p. cm.-(EXS; 66)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
I. Ion channels. 2. Cations-Physiological transport.
I. Siemen, D. (Detlef), 1950-. II. Hescheler, J. (Jurgen
Karl-Josef), 1959- III. Series.
[DNLM: I. Ion Channels-drug effects. 2. Cations-metabolism.
3. Cations-pharmacology. WI E65 v. 66 1993 / QH 603.154 N814 1993]
QH603.154N66 1993
591'.8T5-dc20
Deutsche Bibliothek Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Nonselective cation channels: pharmacology, physiology and
biophysics I ed. by D. Siemen; J. Hescheler.-Basel;
Boston; Berlin: Birkhauser, 1993
(EXS; 66)
ISBN-13: 978-3-0348-7329-1 e-ISBN-13: 978-3-0348-7327-7
001: 10.1007/978-3-0348-7327-7
NE: Siemen, Detlef [Hrsg.J; GT
The publisher and editor cannot assume any legal responsibility for information on drug
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does not imply that they are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations or free
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material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations,
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banks. For any kind of use the permission of the copyright holder must be obtained.
© 1993 Birkhauser Verlag, P.O. Box 133, CH-4010 Basel, Switzerland
Softcover reprint of the hardcover I st edition 1993
Printed on acid-free paper produced from chlorine-free pulp
Contents
Foreword. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IX
List of Contributors Xl
Introduction
D. Siemen
Nonselective Cation Channels 3
J. Hescheler and G. Schultz
Nonselective Cation Channels: Physiological and
Pharmacological Modulations of Channel Activity 27
Receptor-Activated Nonselective Cation Channels
J. A. Dani
Structure, Diversity, and Ionic Permeability of Neuronal and
Muscle Acetylcholine Receptors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
P. Jonas
AMPA-Type Glutamate Receptors - Nonselective Cationic
Channels Mediating Fast Excitatory Transmission in the
CNS .................................................. 61
Mechanically Sensitive Cation Channels
x.-c. Yang and F. Sachs
Mechanically Sensitive, Nonselective Cation Channels . . . . . . . . . 79
M.-C. Wellner and G. Isenberg
Stretch-Activated Nonselective Cation Channels in Urinary
Bladder Myocytes: Importance for Pacemaker Potentials and
Myogenic Response. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
R. Popp, J. Hoyer and H. Gogelein
Mechanosensitive Nonselective Cation Channels in the
Antiluminal Membrane of Cerebral Capillaries (Blood-Brain
Barrier) ............................................... , 101
vi
Gap Junction Channels
R. Dermietzel
The Gap Junction Channel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 109
Cyclic Nucleotide-Activated Nonselective Cation Channels
C. J. Barnstable
Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Nonselective Cation Channels:
A Multifunctional Gene Family. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 121
F. Zufall
Cyclic AMP-Gated Cation Channels of Olfactory Receptor
Neurons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 135
C. Korbmacher and C. J. Barnstable
Renal Epithelial Cells Show Nonselective Cation Channel
Activity and Express a Gene Related to the cGMP-Gated
Photoreceptor Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 147
D. Schild
Ciliary Cation Conductances in Olfactory Receptor Cells of
the Clawed Toad Xenopus laevis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 165
Nonselective Cation Channels Activated by Intracellular Calcium
L. D. Partridge and D. Swandulla
Control of Cell Function by Neuronal Calcium-Activated
Nonselective (CAN) Cation Channels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 175
P. Thorn and O. H. Petersen
Nonselective Cation Channels in Exocrine Gland Cells. . . . . . . .. 185
A. Koivisto, E. Dotzler, U. Rufi, J. Nedergaard and D. Siemen
Nonselective Cation Channels in Brown and White Fat
Cells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 201
R. Popp, H. C. Englert, H. J. Lang and H. Gogelein
Inhibitors of Nonselective Cation Channels in Cells of the
Blood-Brain Barrier. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 213
C. Siemer and H. Gogelein
Nonselective Cation Channels in Cells of the Crypt-Base of
Rat Distal Colon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 219
Nonselective Cation Channels as Regulatory Components of
Cells from Various Tissues
w. Van Driessche, L. Desmedt, P. De Smet and J. Simaels
Poorly Selective Cation Channels in Apical Membranes of
Epithelia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 225
vii
G. Isenberg
Nonselective Cation Channels in Cardiac and
Smooth Muscle Cells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 247
R. Inoue and S. Chen
Physiology of Muscarinic Receptor-Operated Nonselective
Cation Channels in Guinea-Pig Ileal Smooth Muscle. . . . . . .. 261
B. Nilius, G. Droogmans, M. Gericke and G. Schwarz
Nonselective Ion Pathways in Human Endothelial Cells. . . . . . .. 269
J. Geiger and U. Walter
Properties and Regulation of Human Platelet
Cation Channels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 281
J. J. Gargus, A. M. Frace and F. Jung
The Role of a PDGF-Activated Nonselective Cation Channel
in the Proliferative Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 289
T. Kleppisch, A. M. Wobus and J. Hescheler
Cation Channels in Oocytes and Early States of Development:
A Novel Type of Nonselective Cation Channel Activated
by Adrenaline in a Clonal Mesoderm-Like Cell Line
(MES-l). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 297
T. Weiser
Slowly-Activating Cation Channels in the Vacuolar Membrane
of Plants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 305
Foreword
It can be argued that nonselective cation channels were the first sort of
ion channel to be described, though the word channel was not used at the
time. Their existence was implied by Fatt and Katz in 1952, when they
described the action of acetylcholine at the muscle endplate as producing
"a large nonselective increase of ion permeability, i.e. a short circuit".
Shortly afterwards, in 1956, Katz referred to "aqueous channels through
which small ions can pass ... " (del Castillo and Katz, Prog. Biophysics
and Biophys. Chern. 6, 121-170).
Now, more than thirty years later, it has become clear that there are
far more types of nonselective cation channels than anyone could have
imagined a few years ago, and that they are found in a vast range of
tissues. One has, of course, become quite accustomed to such diversity
in, for example, GABA receptors, but this is not quite the same thing.
A
In the case of GABA receptor we are talking about a fairly narrow
A
range of structural diversity (resulting largely from differences in subunit
composition) within a single type of channel with more-or-Iess well
defined function. In the case of nonselective cation channels the function
is often not known, and relatively few have been cloned. It seems certain
though, that they encompass a wide range of quite different structural
types.
After the nonselective channels activated by excitatory neurotransmit
ters, the function of which is clear, the next group to be discovered arose
from experiments on heart muscle. Kass et al. (1978a,b) suggested that
a current that was involved in oscillatory activity in the heart was carried
by a nonselective cation channel that was activated by intracellular
calcium ~ons (rather than by an extracellular neurotransmitter). Since
then single channel methods have demonstrated the existence of such
channels in many other sorts of cell too.
More recently, nonselective cation channels have been found to be
involved in vision, olfaction and taste. Many other such channels, with
unknown function, have been observed too. The casual observer might
be forgiven for feeling that the panoply of channels that have been
discovered has resulted in a certain degree of chaos. In this book the
authors describe the current state of knowledge of a wide range of
nonselective cation channels, and their reviews should certainly help to
restore some order to this large, and growing, field of work. Work on the
biophysical and pharmacological properties of nonselective cation
x
channels is proceeding apace. Information on molecular structure is also
beginning to emerge now, so we can look forward to the time, before
very long, when many of these channels will be understood at the level
that has been achieved, so far, for only a few, such as the nicotinic
acetylcholine receptor and sodium channels.
D. Colquhoun
University College London
May 1993
