Nonlinear Photonics and Novel Optical Phenomena

387 Pages·2012·10.84 MB·English

by  Yi Hu, Georgios A. Siviloglou, Peng Zhang (auth.), Zhigang Chen, Roberto Morandotti (eds.)

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Zhigang Chen Roberto Morandotti
l
Editors
Nonlinear Photonics and
Novel Optical Phenomena
Editors
ZhigangChen RobertoMorandotti
PhysicsandAstronomy INRS-EMT
SanFranciscoStateUniversity Universite´duQue´bec
SanFrancisco,CA94132,USA VarennesJ3X1S2,Canada
and
AppliedPhysicsSchool
NankaiUniversity
Tianjin300457,China
ISSN0342-4111 ISSN1556-1534(electronic)
ISBN978-1-4614-3537-2 ISBN978-1-4614-3538-9(eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-1-4614-3538-9
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Preface
Nonlinear optics and photonics is a broad field of history as venerable as that of
lasers, yet the field has been advanced dramatically with many discoveries and
emerging new frontiers in recent years. This book contains a total of 13 chapters
frommorethan50coauthorsaffiliatedwithleadinggroupsinthefieldofnonlinear
optics and photonics from different institutions well distributed globally (USA,
Australia, China, Japan, Israel, Greece, Italy, Germany, France, Spain, United
Kingdom, and Canada). The content of the book covers both theoretical and
experimental studies on novel phenomena in a variety of optical materials and
photonicsystems.
In Chap. 1, the authors present an overview on a new type of optical beams,
namely, self-accelerating Airy beams. Research activities on such nondiffracting
and self-bending optical beams have surged in recent years due to fundamental
interestandmanyproposedapplicationsofAirybeams.Inthischapter,theauthors
discussthegenerationandcontrolofAirybeamsaswellastherecentdevelopments
inthearea.InChap.2,theauthorspresentareviewonintegratedphotonicsbased
on recently developed high-index doped-silica glass. This material combines the
optimallinearpropertiesofsingle-modefiberswiththetypicalnonlinearproperties
ofothermaterials,suchassemiconductorsandnonlinearglasses.Thisnovelglass
material may lead to the new and important possibility such as integration of
complexspiralguidingstructuresontochip-sizeareas.
The next three chapters deal with linear and nonlinear spatial beam dynamics
inphotonic lattices and waveguide arrays. In the past decade,the field of discrete
optics has grown rapidly and tremendously because of numerous new findings
indiscreteopticalsystemsthathaveatightlinktomanyotherbranchesofphysics.
In Chap. 3, the authors report their experimental work on wave transport in
amorphousphotonicstructures,andshowthattheconceptofband-gapsanddefect
states has greater importance and wider implications than those traditionally con-
ceived in the context of crystalline structures. In Chap. 4, the authors present
theirtheoreticalandexperimentalresultsonall-opticallycontrolledspatialreshap-
ing and localization of multicolor light beams in nonlinear waveguide arrays.
In addition, they review briefly the recent developments on polychromatic light
v
vi Preface
controlinphotoniclatticesandwaveguidearrays.InChap.5,theauthorsprovidea
briefoverviewonspatialbeamdynamicsmediatedbytheinterplaybetweenbeam
diffraction or lattice coupling and self-focusing/defocusing hybrid nonlinearity.
Such hybrid nonlinearity plays a key role in unusual nonlinear beam dynamics in
bothcontinuousanddiscreteregimes.
Chapter 6 is about the theory of polariton solitons in semiconductor microcav-
ities. The authors review the physics behind the formation of localized states of
exciton-polaritons,thepolaritonsolitons.Inparticular,theauthorsshowthatpump
momenta associated with a positive or negative effective polariton mass can give
rise to the formation of dark or bright solitons in semiconductor microresonators.
In Chap. 7, the authors review a series of experiments on the study of localized
structuresinsemiconductoropticaldevices,includinglocalizedsingleaddressable
optical vortices observed in a system formed by two face-to-face VCSELs.
Chapters 8–10 report on various intriguing nonlinear phenomena in different
systems, including scale-free optics, for which diffraction and evanescent wave
formation of subwavelength beams are circumvented by using nonlinearity in
nanodisorderedferroelectrics;spatialdispersiveshockwaves,inwhichnonlinearity
enhances diffraction as observed in both local and nonlocal media; and finally
wavelength-scale plasma gratings in air as a result of nonlinear interaction of
intenseultrashortfilaments.
Chapters11and12focusonTerahertzwaves.InChap.11,theauthorsdiscuss
the emerging field of ultrafast nonlinear optics in the terahertz regime, and intro-
duce THz nonlinear spectroscopy through the absorption-bleaching phenomenon
in thin-film semiconductor. In Chap. 12, the authors discuss the generation of
TerahertzradiationviaPurcell-enhancednonlinearfrequencymixing,whichrelies
on the dramatic enhancements of the conversion efficiency of an arbitrary
difference-frequency down-conversion process. Finally, in Chap. 13 the authors
discusstheemergingrealmofphotonicinterbandtransitionnanophotonics,where
excitingpossibilitieslinkedtothedynamicalmodulationofphotonicstructuresfor
applicationsinopticalisolationandtunableresonancearepresented.
Most of the chapters included in this book are based on invited presentations
fromtheSecondInternationalWorkshoponNonlinearOpticsandNovelPhenom-
enaheldatTEDAAppliedPhysicsSchoolofNankaiUniversity,Tianjin,Chinain
thesummerof2010.Theeditorswishtotakethisopportunitytoacknowledgethe
supportfromlocalorganizersatNankaiUniversity,andtothankallcontributorsfor
theirhardeffortandpatiencetobringthisbookintoreality.
SanFrancisco,CA,USA ZhigangChen
Varennes,Canada RobertoMorandotti
Contents
1 Self-acceleratingAiryBeams:Generation,
Control,andApplications.................................................. 1
YiHu,GeorgiosA.Siviloglou,PengZhang,NikolaosK.Efremidis,
DemetriosN.Christodoulides,andZhigangChen
2 AdvancedIntegratedPhotonicsinDopedSilicaGlass.................. 47
MarcelloFerrera,DavidDuchesne,LucaRazzari,
MarcoPeccianti,AlessiaPasquazi,Yong-WooPark,
JoseAzan˜a,RobertoMorandotti,BrentE.Little,
SaiT.Chu,andDavidJ.Moss
3 LinearandNonlinearWaveDynamics
inAmorphousPhotonicLattices.......................................... 93
MikaelRechtsman,AlexanderSzameit,andMordechaiSegev
4 NonlinearControlofMulticolorBeams
inCoupledOpticalWaveguides....................................... 111
DragomirN.Neshev,AndreyA.Sukhorukov,
andYuriS.Kivshar
5 SpatialBeamDynamicsMediatedbyHybridNonlinearity.......... 133
PengZhang,CiboLou,YiHu,ShengLiu,JianlinZhao,
JingjunXu,andZhigangChen
6 TheoryofPolaritonSolitonsinSemiconductorMicrocavities....... 171
O.A.Egorov,D.V.Skryabin,andF.Lederer
7 Observationof“True”OpticalVorticesinaLaserSystem.......... 195
S.Barland,E.Caboche,P.Genevet,X.Hachair,M.Giudici,
F.Pedaci,andJ.R.Tredicce
8 Scale-Freeoptics.......................................................... 207
E.DelReandC.Conti
vii
viii Contents
9 SpatiallyDispersiveShockWavesinNonlinearOptics............... 231
ChristopherBarsi,WenjieWan,ShuJia,andJasonW.Fleischer
10 NonlinearInteractionofIntenseUltrashortFilaments.............. 259
HepingZengandJiaLiu
11 TheDawnofUltrafastNonlinearOptics
intheTerahertzRegime................................................ 297
F.Blanchard,L.Razzari,F.H.Su,G.Sharma,
R.Morandotti,T.Ozaki,M.Reid,andF.A.Hegmann
12 GenerationofTerahertzRadiationvia
Purcell-EnhancedNonlinearFrequencyMixing..................... 325
J.Bravo-AbadandM.Soljacˇic´
13 PhotonicTransitioninNanophotonics................................ 343
ZongfuYuandShanhuiFan
Index.......................................................................... 365
Contributors
JoseAzan˜a INRS-EMT,Varennes,QC,Canada
S. Barland CNRS, Institut Nonlineaire de Nice (UMR6618), Universite de
Nice-SophiaAntipolis,Valbonne,France
Christopher Barsi Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University,
Princeton,NJ,USA
F. Blanchard Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto
University,Kyoto-shi,Japan
J. Bravo-Abad Departamento de Fisica Teorica de la Materia Condensada,
UniversidadAutonomadeMadri,Madrid,Spain
E. Caboche CNRS, Institut Nonlineaire de Nice (UMR6618), Universite de
Nice-SophiaAntipolis,Valbonne,France
C. Conti Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit‘a di Roma Sapienza and ISC-CNR,
Rome,Italy
Zhigang Chen Department of Physics and Astronomy, San Francisco State
University,SanFrancisco,CA,USA
The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education
andTEDAAppliedPhysicsSchool,NankaiUniversity,Tianjin,China
Demetrios N. Christodoulides CREOL/College of Optics, University of Central
Florida,Orlando,FL,USA
SaiT.Chu InfineraCorporation,Sunnyvale,CA,USA
CityUniversityofHongKong,HongKong,China
E. DelRe Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita´ di Roma Sapienza and IPCF-CNR,
Roma,Italy
ix
x Contributors
DavidDuchesne INRS-EMT,Varennes,QC,Canada
MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,Cambridge,MA,USA
NikolaosK.Efremidis DepartmentofAppliedMathematics,UniversityofCrete,
Heraklion,Crete,Greece
O.A. Egorov Institute of Condensed Matter Theory and Solid State Optics,
FriedrichSchillerUniversita¨tJena,Jena,Germany
Shanhui Fan Department of Electrical Engineering, Ginzton Laboratory,
StanfordUniversity,Stanford,CA,USA
MarcelloFerrera INRS-EMT,Varennes,QC,Canada
SchoolofPhysicsandAstronomy,UniversityofStAndrews,Fife,UK
Jason W. Fleischer Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University,
Princeton,NJ,USA
P. Genevet CNRS, Institut Nonlineaire de Nice (UMR6618), Universite de
Nice-SophiaAntipolis,Valbonne,France
M. Giudici CNRS, Institut Nonlineaire de Nice (UMR6618), Universite de
Nice-SophiaAntipolis,Valbonne,France
X. Hachair CNRS, Institut Nonlineaire de Nice (UMR6618), Universite de
Nice-SophiaAntipolis,Valbonne,France
F.A. Hegmann Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB,
Canada
Yi Hu Department of Physics and Astronomy, San Francisco State University,
SanFrancisco,CA,USA
The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education
andTEDAAppliedPhysicsSchool,NankaiUniversity,Tianjin,China
INRS-EMT,UniversityofQuebec,Varennes,QC,Canada
Shu Jia Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton,
NJ,USA
Yuri S. Kivshar Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and
Engineering,AustralianNationalUniversity,Canberra,ACT,Australia
F.Lederer InstituteofCondensedMatterTheoryandSolidStateOptics,Friedrich
SchillerUniversita¨tJena,Jena,Germany
BrentE.Little InfineraCorporation,Sunnyvale,CA,USA
Jia Liu State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal
University,Shanghai,China