Table Of ContentNonequilibrium
Atmospheric Pressure
Plasma Jets
Nonequilibrium
Atmospheric Pressure
Plasma Jets
Fundamentals, Diagnostics,
and Medical Applications
XinPei Lu
Stephan Reuter
Mounir Laroussi
DaWei Liu
CRC Press
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Library of Congress Cataloging‑in‑Publication Data
Names: Lu, XinPei, author. | Reuter, Stephan, 1974- author. | Laroussi, M.
(Mounir), 1955- author. | Liu, DaWei, author.
Title: Nonequilibrium Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jets : fundamentals,
diagnostics, and medical applications / XinPei Lu, Stephan Reuter, Mounir
Laroussi, DaWei Liu.
Description: Boca Raton : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, [2019] |
Includes bibliographical references.
Identifiers: LCCN 2018043420 | ISBN 9781498743631 (hardback : alk. paper)
Subjects: LCSH: Plasma jets. | Cancer--Treatment--Research.
Classification: LCC TP159.P57 L8 2019 | DDC 530.4/4--dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018043420
Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
and the CRC Press Web site at
http://www.crcpress.com
Mounir Laroussi dedicates this book to
his wife, Nicole Mache Laroussi.
Contents
Foreword ....................................................................................xiii
Preface .......................................................................................xv
Acknowledgments .....................................................................xvii
Authors ......................................................................................xix
PArt I Basic Concept of Nonequilibrium
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jets (N-APPJs)
ChAPter 1 Introduction ............................................................3
1.1 Atmospheric Pressure Plasma—Equilibrium
and Nonequilibrium Plasma.............................3
1.1.1 Definition of Plasma ............................3
1.1.2 Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ..............5
1.2 Atmospheric Pressure Plasma
Jets—Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium
Plasma Jets �����������������������������������������������������������������6
1.3 Applications of Nonequilibrium
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jets
(N-APPJs) in Medicine ....................................7
ChAPter 2 Nonequilibrium Atmospheric Pressure Plasma
(N-APP) ...................................................................9
2.1 Nonequilibrium Atmospheric Pressure
Plasma (N-APP) Sources ..................................9
2.1.1 Corona Discharge .............................9
2.1.2 Dielectric Barrier Discharge ............10
Operation of the Dielectric Barrier
Discharge (DBD) ................................12
Pulsed Excitation............................14
vii
Contents
2.1.3 Resistive Barrier Discharge ..............15
2.1.4 Resistor-Capacitor Barrier
Discharge .....................................16
2.2 Nonequilibrium Atmospheric Pressure
Plasma Jets (N-APPJs) ...................................18
2.2.1 N-APPJ Sources .............................18
Dielectric-Free Electrode
(DFE) Jets ...................................20
DBD Jets ........................................20
DBD-Like Jets ................................21
Single Electrode (SE) Jets .................22
N Plasma Jets ................................23
2
Air Plasma Jets ...............................23
Brief Summary ...............................25
2.2.2 Dynamics of N-APPJs .....................25
references for Part I ..................................................................27
PArt II Physics of Nonequilibrium Atmospheric
Pressure Plasma Jets (N-APPJs)
ChAPter 3 Basic Physical Phenomena and theoretical
Models of N-APPJs .................................................37
3.1 Overview of Theoretical Descriptions of
N-APPJs .......................................................37
3.2 Approaches to Modelling the Dynamics
and Structure of Guided Streamers .................39
3.2.1 Plasma Governing Equations ...........39
Species Continuity ..........................39
Drift–Diffusion ..............................40
Electrostatic Potential .....................40
Electron Energy Transport ..............40
3.2.2 Plasma Chemistry ..........................41
3.2.3 Photoionization Model ...................41
ChAPter 4 recent Advances in the Physics of N-APPJs ............49
4.1 Study of Basic Phenomena .............................49
4.1.1 Conductivity of the Dark Channel ...49
4.1.2 Photoionization and Seed Electrons .....55
viii
Contents
4.1.3 Penning Ionization and Donut
Shape ............................................75
4.1.4 Repeatability of Plasma Bullet ..........99
4.2 Effect of Discharge Parameters .....................113
4.2.1 Pulse Repetition Rate ....................113
4.2.2 Rise Time of Pulse Voltage ............117
4.2.3 Pulse Width .................................122
4.2.4 Voltage Polarity ............................128
4.2.5 Diameter, Dielectric Constant,
and Shape of the Tube ...................133
4.2.6 Gas Flow Rate ..............................149
4.2.7 Applied Voltage Amplitude ...........152
4.2.8 Plasma-Forming Gas ....................152
4.2.9 Surrounding Gas ..........................156
4.2.10 Operation Under Variable Pressure ....162
4.3 Other Physical Effects .................................167
4.3.1 Plasma Plume Propagation ............167
4.3.2 Plasma Plume Interaction..............180
4.3.3 Plasma Transfer through a
Dielectric .....................................183
4.3.4 Manipulation of Plasma Jets ..........186
4.3.5 Media Activated by N-APPJs:
Reactive Species and Biological
Effects .........................................208
references for Part II ...............................................................229
PArt III Diagnostics of Atmospheric Pressure Plasmas
ChAPter 5 Introduction to Plasma Diagnostics ......................241
5.1 Fundamental Properties of Plasmas
Relevant for Diagnostics ..............................241
5.2 Fundamentals of Plasma Spectroscopy ..........243
5.2.1 Interaction of Light and Particles .....243
5.2.2 Quenching .....................................246
5.2.3 Spectral Line Shapes and Their
Broadening ....................................247
Natural Line Broadening ............. 247
Collisional Broadening ....................247
Doppler Broadening .......................249
Stark Broadening ............................250
ix
