Non-Accelerator Astroparticle Physics (2005)(en)(317s)

329 Pages·2005·19.81 MB·English

by  N. Paver

NON - ACCELERATOR
ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
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United Nations
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The Abdus Solam and Cultural Organizan<
International Centre for Theoretical Physics
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Proceedings of the 7th School
0N - ACC E LE RAT0R
ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
ICTP, Trieste, Italy
26 July - 6 August 2004
Editors
R. A. Carrigan, Jr.
Fermilab, USA
Go Giacomelli
University of Bologna, Italy
No Paver
University of Trieste, Italy
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World Scientific
NEW JERSEY * LONDON * SINGAPORE BElJlNG * SHANGHAI HONG KONG TAIPEI CHENNAI
Published by
World Scientific Publishing Co. Re. Ltd.
5 Toh Tuck Link, Singapore 596224
USA once: 27 Warren Street, Suite 401-402,H ackensack, NJ 07601
UK once: 57 Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London WC2H 9HE
British Library Cataloguing-in-PublicationD ata
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
NON-ACCELERATOR ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
Proceedings of the 7th School
Copyright 0 2005 by The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics
ISBN 98 1-256-3 16-4
Printed by FuIsland Offset Printing (S) Pte Ltd, Singapore
FOREWORD
The proceedings of the 7'h School on Non-Accelerator Astroparticle Physics
present a timely coverage of this intere and rapidly expanding subject. They enlarge
and complement the earlier volumes prepared for the 4", 5" and 6thS chools*. We
have endeavored to maintain an informative pedagogical tone so that the book can
serve as the basis for a modem course on the subject and as useful reference book.
The first section introduces the fundamentals of particle physics with a review
of the standard model and beyond. The comprehensive section on neutrino physics
and astrophysics covers neutrino masses and oscillations, short and long baseline
neutrino experiments, atmospheric and solar neutrinos, and neutrino telescopes. The
section on dark matter includes a theoretical presentation and a review of existing
and potential dark matter searches. Searches for axions, magnetic monopoles, and
nuclearites are also discussed. Cosmic rays and astrophysics are covered with
reviews on experiments in space, extreme energy cosmic rays, and photons and
antimatter in space. The theory of gravitational waves and searches for gravitational
waves are discussed. A section deals with the LEP legacy and future accelerators
and superbeams. Large scale facilities, detectors, data acquisition and large scale
computing are reviewed. The final section concerns the World of Science, with
reviews on 100 years of science, Science and Society and the Universe: Today,
Yesterday and Tomorrow. Abstracts of the many posters presented by participants at
the school give a broad picture of world-wide activities in the field.
The school was conducted under the auspices of the Abdus Salam ICTP,
Trieste, and was also sponsored by the INFN.
We gratefully acknowledge the kind and efficient help of Ms. G. De Meo, Ms.
A. Triolo, the staff of ICTP, Ms. A. Casoni, and the technical cooperation of Drs. R.
Giacomelli, Y. Becherini and M. Giorgini (Bologna).
The school's lecture notes and recordings can be found at
http://cdsagenda5.ictp.trieste.it/full_display.php?ida=a0355#.
Trieste, January 2005
The Editors:
R.A. Carrigan Jr., G. Giacomelli, N. Paver
*Proceedings of the Fourth School on Non-Accelerator Particle Astrophysics, Eds. E. Bellotti,
R.A. Carrigan, Jr., G. Giacomelli and N. Paver (World Scientific, Singapore, ISBN
981022688, 1996); Proceedings of the Fifth School on Non-Accelerator Particle
Astrophysics, Eds. R.A. Carrigan, Jr., G. Giacomelli and N. Paver (INFN, Edizioni Universita
di Trieste, Trieste, 1999); Proceedings of the Sixth School on Non-Accelerator Astroparticle
Physics, Eds. R.A. Carrigan, Jr., G. Giacomelli, A. Masiero and N. Paver (World Scientific,
Singapore, ISBN 9810249438,2002).
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CONTENTS
Fundamentals of Particle Interactions
Standard Model and Beyond 1
A. Bart1 and S. Hesselbach
Neutrinos
Neutrino Masses, Mixing and Oscillations 21
S. Petcov
Short and Long Baseline Neutrino Experiments 41
D. Autiero
Atmospheric Neutrino Oscillations 54
G. Giacomelli and M. Giorgini
68
Solar and Reactor Neutrinos
D. E Cowen
76
Neutrino Astronomy
J. Carr
Dark Matter
90
Dark Matter and Dark Energy
I? Ullio
10 4
Dark Matter Searches
R. Bernabei
122
Axion Searches
K. Zioutas
129
Magnetic Monopole Searches
G. Giacornelli and L. Putrizii
vii
viii
Cosmic Rays and Astrophysics
Cosmic Rays at Extreme Energies 143
R. Cester
Photons and Antimatter in Space 165
G. Barbiellini and E Long0
Astroparticle Physics from Space 174
S. Cecchini
Gravitational Waves
Theory of Gravitational Waves 186
J. C. Miller
Gravitational Waves and their Detection 198
E. Coccia
Accelerator-Based Physics
The LEP Legacy 218
G. Giacomelli and R. Giacomelli
Future Accelerators, Neutrino Factories, and Muon Colliders 233
R. A. Carrigan, Jr.
Large Scale Facilities
Detectors and Data Acquisition 248
D.E Cowen
Large Scale Computing 262
F! Capiluppi
The World of Science
Science, Technology and Society 277
G. Giacomelli and R. Giacomelli
The Universe: Today, Yesterday and Tomorrow 285
?: Regge
ix
One Hundred Years of Science 289
R. A. Carrigan, JI:
Appendices
Summaries of the Poster Sessions 299
I: Becherini, Z. Sahnoun and A. Zukharov
List of Participants 317