Next Generation ABAP Development - SAP PRESS

51 Pages·2010·4.5 MB·English

Rich Heilman and Thomas Jung
Next Generation ABAP™ Development
Bonn � Boston
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Contents at a Glance
1 Workbench Tools and Package Hierarchy ............................... 29
2 New Language Features in SAP NetWeaver 7.02 ................... 57
3 Data Dictionary Objects ......................................................... 85
4 Data Persistence Layer ........................................................... 113
5 Consuming a Web Service ...................................................... 163
6 Shared Memory Objects ......................................................... 191
7 Model Class ............................................................................ 215
8 ABAP and SAP NetWeaver Master Data Management .......... 245
9 ABAP Troubleshooting ............................................................ 275
10 Exposing a Model as a Web Service ....................................... 305
11 XML Processing and XSLT ...................................................... 357
12 Classic Dynpro UI/ALV Object Model ..................................... 383
13 Web Dynpro ABAP .................................................................. 415
14 Advanced Web Dynpro ABAP ................................................. 459
15 Business Server Pages ............................................................ 525
16 Rich Islands ............................................................................ 555
17 Adobe Forms ........................................................................... 573
18 SAP NetWeaver Portal and SAP NetWeaver Business Client ... 609
19 RSS Feed Using an ICF Service Node ...................................... 663
20 SAP Business Objects .............................................................. 679
21 Closing .................................................................................... 717
A CD Contents ............................................................................ 721
B The Authors ............................................................................. 725
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Contents
Introduction ............................................................................................... 1 7
1 Workbench Tools and Package Hierarchy ................................ 2 9
1.1 Log on and Explore ..................................................................... 3 0
1.1.1 Workbench Object Browser ............................................ 3 0
1.1.2 Object Browser List ........................................................ 3 1
1.1.3 Workbench Settings ....................................................... 3 4
1.1.4 New ABAP Editor ........................................................... 3 4
1.1.5 Additional New Workbench Tools .................................. 4 0
1.1.6 Debugger ....................................................................... 4 8
1.2 Package Hierarchy for the Project ................................................ 5 2
1.2.1 Project Requirements ..................................................... 5 3
1.2.2 Package Hierarchy .......................................................... 5 3
2 New Language Features in SAP NetWeaver 7.02 ..................... 5 7
2.1 Extended Expressions .................................................................. 5 9
2.1.1 Math .............................................................................. 5 9
2.1.2 Functional Method Calls ................................................ 6 0
2.1.3 Built-In Functions ........................................................... 6 1
2.1.4 Boolean – BOOLC .......................................................... 6 2
2.2 String Processing ......................................................................... 6 3
2.2.1 String Templates ............................................................. 6 3
2.2.2 String Functions ............................................................. 6 6
2.2.3 12-Hour Time Format ..................................................... 6 7
2.3 Boxed Components ..................................................................... 6 8
2.4 Decimal Floating Point ................................................................ 7 1
2.5 Locators and Streams .................................................................. 7 2
2.5.1 Streams .......................................................................... 7 4
2.5.2 Locators ......................................................................... 7 8
2.6 Resumable Exceptions ................................................................ 7 9
2.7 Secondary Keys for Internal Tables .............................................. 8 1
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Contents
3 Data Dictionary Objects ........................................................... 8 5
3.1 Designing Data Relationships ...................................................... 8 5
3.1.1 Table Relationship Graphic ............................................. 8 7
3.1.2 SAP Data Modeler ......................................................... 8 8
3.2 Data Dictionary Fixed Value Domains ......................................... 8 9
3.2.1 Single Value Domains ..................................................... 9 0
3.2.2 Interval Value Domains .................................................. 9 1
3.3 Data Dictionary Text Tables ......................................................... 9 2
3.3.1 Data Elements and Domains .......................................... 9 2
3.3.2 Transparent Table Creation and Relationships ................. 9 3
3.3.3 Maintenance View ......................................................... 9 8
3.3.4 Generated Table Maintenance ........................................ 100
3.4 Data Dictionary Data Tables ........................................................ 102
3.4.1 Enhancements ................................................................ 103
3.4.2 Indexes .......................................................................... 104
3.4.3 Lock Objects .................................................................. 107
3.5 Search Helps ............................................................................... 108
4 Data Persistence Layer ............................................................. 113
4.1 Persistent Objects ....................................................................... 114
4.1.1 Creating the Persistent Object Class ............................... 115
4.1.2 Base Classes and Agent Classes ....................................... 117
4.1.3 Persistent Data Mapper .................................................. 118
4.1.4 Coding with a Persistent Object ..................................... 121
4.2 Exception Classes ........................................................................ 123
4.2.1 Advantages of Exception Classes .................................... 124
4.2.2 Creating an Exception Class ............................................ 125
4.3 Business Object Classes ............................................................... 131
4.3.1 What Is a Business Object Class? .................................... 131
4.3.2 Business Object Class Structure ...................................... 133
4.3.3 Multiple Object Selection ............................................... 138
4.3.4 Select-Options as a Query Criteria .................................. 140
4.3.5 Complex Business Objects .............................................. 143
4.3.6 Modification Operations ................................................ 146
4.3.7 ZIP Compression ............................................................ 149
4.4 Data Load Programs .................................................................... 152
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Contents
4.4.1 Test Data Generator ....................................................... 152
4.4.2 Backup and Recovery Program ....................................... 156
5 Consuming a Web Service ........................................................ 163
5.1 Proxy Generation ........................................................................ 165
5.1.1 Accessing the WSDL Document ..................................... 165
5.1.2 Creating the Client Proxy ................................................ 166
5.1.3 Logical Ports ................................................................... 172
5.1.4 Using the Client Proxy Object ......................................... 176
5.1.5 Implementing into the Business Object Layer ................. 177
5.2 Logical Ports ............................................................................... 180
5.2.1 Consumer Security ......................................................... 180
5.2.2 Messaging ...................................................................... 184
5.2.3 Transport Settings .......................................................... 184
5.2.4 Operation Specific .......................................................... 186
5.2.5 Errors ............................................................................. 187
5.3 Extended Protocols ..................................................................... 189
6 Shared Memory Objects ........................................................... 191
6.1 Getting Started ........................................................................... 192
6.1.1 Area Root Class Creation ................................................ 192
6.1.2 Defining the Shared Memory Area ................................. 198
6.1.3 Testing the Shared Memory Object ................................ 200
6.1.4 Shared Memory Monitor ................................................ 202
6.2 Automatic Preloading ................................................................. 203
6.2.1 Adding the Interface ...................................................... 203
6.2.2 Modifying the Read Program .......................................... 205
6.3 Implementing into the Business Object Layer .............................. 206
6.3.1 Developing a Test Program ............................................. 207
6.3.2 Modifying the Business Object Class .............................. 208
6.3.3 Testing the Changes ....................................................... 212
7 Model Class .............................................................................. 215
7.1 Class Overview ........................................................................... 215
7.1.1 What Is Model View Controller? .................................... 215
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Contents
7.1.2 Creating the Model Class ................................................ 216
7.2 Transactional Methods ................................................................ 221
7.2.1 Read Method ................................................................. 222
7.2.2 Record Locking Methods ................................................ 224
7.2.3 Save Method .................................................................. 225
7.2.4 Getters ........................................................................... 227
7.3 Utility Methods .......................................................................... 229
7.4 Emailing ...................................................................................... 231
7.4.1 Email Setup .................................................................... 231
7.4.2 Running an Email Test .................................................... 235
7.4.3 Email Method ................................................................ 237
7.5 Regular Expressions .................................................................... 242
8 ABAP and SAP NetWeaver Master Data Management ........... 245
8.1 What Is Master Data Management? ............................................ 246
8.1.1 Technical Architecture .................................................... 246
8.1.2 Clients ............................................................................ 248
8.1.3 Basic SAP NetWeaver MDM Administration ................... 250
8.1.4 Modeling in SAP MDM .................................................. 252
8.2 Configuring the SAP NetWeaver MDM ABAP API ....................... 254
8.2.1 Installation of the SAP NetWeaver MDM API Add-On ... 254
8.2.2 Configuring the SAP NetWeaver MDM API Connection ... 256
8.2.3 Authentication with the SAP NetWeaver MDM API ....... 258
8.3 Coding with the SAP NetWeaver MDM ABAP API ...................... 260
8.3.1 Class-Based API .............................................................. 260
8.3.2 Function-Module-Based API .......................................... 263
8.3.3 Non-Unicode ABAP Systems .......................................... 265
8.3.4 Simple Read ................................................................... 265
8.3.5 Full Read ........................................................................ 269
8.3.6 Integrating the SAP NetWeaver MDM Repository
into Your Business Object Class ...................................... 271
9 ABAP Troubleshooting .............................................................. 275
9.1 ABAP Unit .................................................................................. 275
9.1.1 Overview of ABAP Unit Tests ......................................... 276
9.1.2 Creating ABAP Unit Tests ............................................... 281
9.1.3 Executing the ABAP Unit Test ......................................... 288
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Contents
9.2 Runtime Analysis ........................................................................ 290
9.2.1 Running an Evaluation ................................................... 290
9.2.2 Evaluating the Results .................................................... 291
9.3 Performance Analysis Tool ........................................................... 293
9.4 ABAP Debugger .......................................................................... 295
9.4.1 New Debugger Introduction ........................................... 295
9.4.2 Diff ................................................................................ 298
9.4.3 Table Tools ..................................................................... 299
9.4.4 Layered Debugging ........................................................ 301
10 Exposing a Model as a Web Service ......................................... 305
10.1 Inside-Out Approach .................................................................. 306
10.1.1 Service Definition Wizard ............................................... 307
10.1.2 Service Definition ........................................................... 313
10.1.3 Releasing the Web Service and Creating an Endpoint ..... 317
10.1.4 Testing the Web Service ................................................. 324
10.1.5 Using the Web Services Navigator .................................. 325
10.2 Outside-In Approach .................................................................. 329
10.2.1 Modeling a Service in the SAP Enterprise Services
Repository ...................................................................... 330
10.2.2 Integration Builder ......................................................... 331
10.2.3 Simple Data Types .......................................................... 335
10.2.4 Complex Data Types ....................................................... 340
10.2.5 Message Types ............................................................... 343
10.2.6 Service Interface ............................................................. 344
10.2.7 Implementing the Service as a Server Proxy .................... 346
10.2.8 Creating a Service Definition .......................................... 352
11 XML Processing and XSLT ........................................................ 357
11.1 Simple Transformations ............................................................... 358
11.2 XSL Transformations .................................................................... 363
11.3 iXML Library ............................................................................... 368
11.4 Mini iXML Interface .................................................................... 375
12 Classic Dynpro UI/ALV Object Model ....................................... 383
12.1 ALV Object Model Overview ...................................................... 383
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Contents
12.1.1 ALV Tool Overview ......................................................... 384
12.1.2 Display Types ................................................................. 385
12.2 Getting Started ........................................................................... 386
12.2.1 Package Selection ........................................................... 386
12.2.2 Basic Program Coding ..................................................... 387
12.3 Modifying the ALV Output ......................................................... 393
12.3.1 ALV Functions ................................................................ 393
12.3.2 Modifying Column Attributes ......................................... 396
12.3.3 Modifying Display Settings ............................................. 397
12.3.4 Saving Layout Variants ................................................... 398
12.4 Making the ALV Interactive ......................................................... 399
12.4.1 Adding Buttons .............................................................. 400
12.4.2 Defining Selections ......................................................... 401
12.4.3 Event Handling ............................................................... 402
12.5 Object Orientation with Classic Dynpro ...................................... 405
12.5.1 Restructuring the Dialog Program ................................... 406
12.5.2 Creating the Controller Class .......................................... 408
12.5.3 Enjoy Control Events ...................................................... 410
12.5.4 Dynpro Events ................................................................ 412
13 Web Dynpro ABAP .................................................................... 415
13.1 Overview of the Components ..................................................... 416
13.1.1 Course Frame Component .............................................. 417
13.1.2 Faculty Detail Component .............................................. 418
13.1.3 Faculty List Component .................................................. 419
13.1.4 Course Details Component ............................................. 420
13.2 Component Usage ...................................................................... 421
13.3 General UI Features .................................................................... 424
13.3.1 Context .......................................................................... 424
13.3.2 Value Help ..................................................................... 425
13.3.3 Required Fields .............................................................. 428
13.3.4 Change/Display Mode .................................................... 431
13.4 ALV Component ......................................................................... 433
13.4.1 ALV Component Usage .................................................. 433
13.4.2 Context Mapping ........................................................... 434
13.4.3 ALV Implementation ...................................................... 435
13.5 Dialog Pop-Up Window .............................................................. 439
13.5.1 Windows from the Same Component ............................. 439
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Contents
13.5.2 Windows from an External Component Usage ................ 442
13.6 Table Popins ............................................................................... 446
13.6.1 What Is a Table Popin? ................................................... 446
13.6.2 Designing the Table Popin .............................................. 447
13.6.3 Context Design .............................................................. 448
13.6.4 Logic to Populate the Context for a Popin ...................... 449
13.7 File Upload/Download ................................................................ 450
13.7.1 File Downloads .............................................................. 451
13.7.2 File Uploads ................................................................... 453
13.8 Web Dynpro Debugger ............................................................... 455
14 Advanced Web Dynpro ABAP ................................................... 459
14.1 Drag and Drop ............................................................................ 459
14.1.1 Table Hierarchy .............................................................. 460
14.1.2 Drag-and-Drop Basics in Web Dynpro ABAP .................. 463
14.1.3 Drag-and-Drop UI Elements and Properties .................... 463
14.1.4 Drag-and-Drop Event Coding ......................................... 466
14.2 Threshold Slider and Rule Evaluation .......................................... 470
14.2.1 BRFplus Usage ............................................................... 471
14.2.2 Data-Dependent Drop-Down List Box ............................ 480
14.2.3 Threshold Slider Usage ................................................... 482
14.3 Notification Service ..................................................................... 484
14.4 POWL—Power List ..................................................................... 487
14.4.1 POWL Feeder Classes ..................................................... 488
14.4.2 POWL Cockpit ............................................................... 497
14.5 FPM—Floorplan Manager ........................................................... 500
14.5.1 Floorplan Types .............................................................. 501
14.5.2 Generic UI Building Blocks ............................................. 508
14.5.3 Freestyle UI Building Blocks ........................................... 517
14.5.4 Final Configuration ......................................................... 519
15 Business Server Pages .............................................................. 525
15.1 Internet-Facing BSP Application .................................................. 526
15.1.1 Stateless versus Stateful .................................................. 526
15.1.2 Application Layout ......................................................... 528
15.1.3 Custom Style Sheets ....................................................... 530
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Contents
15.1.4 Course Overview Page .................................................... 534
15.1.5 AJAX .............................................................................. 536
15.2 BSP Extensions ............................................................................ 544
15.2.1 Upload of Open Source Solution .................................... 544
15.2.2 Creating the BSP Extension ............................................. 546
15.2.3 Creating the BSP Extension Element ............................... 547
15.2.4 Design Time Validation .................................................. 550
15.2.5 Runtime Validation ........................................................ 551
15.2.6 Element Rendering ......................................................... 552
15.2.7 Testing the New Extension ............................................. 553
16 Rich Islands .............................................................................. 555
16.1 Islands Architecture .................................................................... 556
16.1.1 Behind the Scenes .......................................................... 557
16.1.2 Type of Islands ............................................................... 558
16.1.3 Limitations of Islands ..................................................... 559
16.2 Building a Flex Component ......................................................... 560
16.2.1 Islands Libraries .............................................................. 561
16.2.2 Flex Code Initialization ................................................... 564
16.2.3 Flex Code Data Binding .................................................. 565
16.2.4 Flex Code Setters ........................................................... 566
16.2.5 Flex Code Events ............................................................ 567
16.3 Embedding the Island in Web Dynpro ......................................... 567
16.3.1 Flex Component Added to MIME Repository ................. 567
16.3.2 FlashIsland UI Element ................................................... 568
16.3.3 DataSource Mapping ...................................................... 569
16.3.4 DataSource Property Mapping ....................................... 570
17 Adobe Forms ............................................................................. 573
17.1 Infrastructure and Setup ............................................................. 574
17.1.1 Adobe Document Services Infrastructure ........................ 574
17.1.2 Exposing the Service from the Java Engine ...................... 575
17.2 Function-Module-Based Forms ................................................... 582
17.2.1 Creating the Interface ..................................................... 583
17.2.2 Form Interface to Context Mapping ............................... 584
17.2.3 Form Layout Editor ........................................................ 589
17.2.4 Coding Against the Form Function Module .................... 592
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