NEWs VALUE: ACCOMMODATIVE AND CONFRONTATIVE COMMUNICATION IN TELEVISION ...

181 Pages·2011·1.39 MB·English

by  Jhim Yap

NEWs VALUE:
ACCOMMODATIVE AND CONFRONTATIVE COMMUNICATION IN
TELEVISION NEWS BROADCASTING DURING CRISIS REPORTING

MICHELLYN ANTONETTE ELUM MARASIGAN
JIM RYAN MANALANG YAP

Submitted to the
COLLEGE OF MASS COMMUNICATION
University of the Philippines Diliman
In partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of

BACHELOR OF ARTS IN COMMUNICATION RESEARCH

April 2011
NEWs VALUE:
ACCOMMODATIVE AND CONFRONTATIVE COMMUNICATION IN
TELEVISION NEWS BROADCASTING DURING CRISIS REPORTING

by
MICHELLYN ANTONETTE ELUM MARASIGAN
JIM RYAN MANALANG YAP

has been accepted for
the degree of BACHELOR OF ARTS IN COMMUNICATION RESEARCH
by

Professor Jose R. Lacson, Jr.

and approved for the
University of the Philippines College of Mass Communication
by

Professor Roland B. Tolentino
Dean, College of Mass Communication
BIOGRAPHICAL DATA
PERSONAL DATA
Name Michellyn Antonette E. Marasigan
Permanent Address #15 Sunstone Street, Northview 1, Batasan Hills, Quezon
City
Date & Place of Birth 08 January 1988, Quezon City
E-mail address [email protected]
EDUCATION
Secondary Level School of the Holy Spirit, BF Homes Quezon City
Primary Level School of the Holy Spirit, BF Homes Quezon City
ORGANIZATIONS Member, UP Communication Research Society
President, UP PR+Advertising Society
WORK EXPERIENCE Project Head, Circuit Fashion Show Event
Intern, Campaigns & Grey, 2010
Marketing Member, UP College of Mass Communication –
Student Council, SY 2010-2011
Project Head, Launch Event of MM Alliance of
Communication Students, 2011
ACHIEVEMENTS: University and College Scholar (IS & IIS AY 2007-2008,
2008-2009, 2009-2010, 2010-2011)
BIOGRAPHICAL DATA
PERSONAL DATA
Name Jim Ryan M. Yap
Permanent Address # 037 Tawiran, Obando, Bulacan
Date & Place of Birth 05 January 1989, Bulacan
E-mail address [email protected]
EDUCATION
Secondary Level Academic Excellence Awardee, Colegio de San Pascual
Baylon, Obando, Bulacan
Primary Level Academic Excellence Awardee, Colegio de San Pascual
Baylon Obando, Bulacan
ORGANIZATIONS Member, UP Communication Research Society
Member, UP Broadcaster‟s Guild
WORK EXPERIENCE Intern, Sycip, Gorres, Velayo & Co. (SGV&Co.),
Marketing and Communication Department, 2010
Field Interviewer, Political Research Study, Taguig City,
Andres G. Sevilla, 2009
Volunteer Registration Assistant, CMC, UP Diliman, (AY
2009-2010)
ACHIEVEMENTS: University Scholar (IS AY 2007-2008-IIS AY 2009-2010-
IS AY 2010-2011)
College Scholar (IIS AY 2007-2008-IS AY 2008-2009-IIS
AY 2008-2009-IS AY 2009-2010)
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We would like to distinguish the following persons for their precious and valuable
contributions to this study.
We would like to first and foremost thank our thesis adviser, Prof. Jose R. Lacson
Jr., for he had not just shared his knowledge, time, and care in guiding us in thesis-
making, but also for the laughs and encouragement he had given us. His comments and
suggestions strengthened and improved this study.
We would also like to be grateful the Marasigan and the Yap family who have
always been supportive and loving throughout the entire undertaking of this study. Our
parents and siblings have contributed to how we are at present. So they have a take part in
whatever we accomplish in life.
Also, we would like to show appreciation to our Communication Research block,
“the Bogarditos,” and all our friends for making our entire college life more memorable
and enjoyable.
We also wish to express gratitude to all those who participated in this, the
interviewees and the FGD discussants. They believed in the significance of this research,
and their inputs have been important in our pursuit to understand the topic better.
Finally, we would like to praise and thank God for His Omnipresence in our lives
and for giving us the opportunity to get to know and form relationships with these
individuals.
DEDICATION
To God and all our loved ones
For continuously supporting us in all of life‟s endeavors
ABSTRACT
Marasigan, M.A.E., Yap, J.R.M. (2011). NEWs VALUE: Accommodative and
confrontative communication in television news broadcasting during crisis reporting,
Unpublished UndergraduateThesis, College of Mass Communication, University of the
Philippines, Diliman.

This study examines the different yet intertwining factors that affect the value
usage of television news broadcasting in the Philippines. Employing the Situational Crisis
Communication Theory (SCCT) of Coombs (1995), Functionalist theory of McQuail
(2005), Political-Economic Media Theory, Agenda-Setting Theory, and incorporated the
Filipino behavioral patterns of Virgilio Enriquez (1989). This study explores the
manifestations of the accommodative and confrontative values in crisis news reporting
which happened in the last five years (2005-2010).
The primary concern is to identify and compare the accommodative and
confrontative values in television news programs in crisis situations based on journalists‟/
reporters‟ practices, news officials‟ practices, and audiences‟ perception, as well as other
factors that influence the manifestation of these values. To find out the usage and
prevalence of these values in different types of crises, this study employed interviews,
focus group discussions, and textual analysis of videos. The study concludes that the
confrontative way of communication was practiced more often than the accommodative
way. This took place while gathering and covering crisis news stories. Furthermore, the
accommodative way of communication was used on a more personal level such as
dealing with fellow reporters, sources and crew members.
viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page i
Approval Page ii
Biographical Data iii
Acknowledgments v
Dedication vi
Abstract vii
Table of Contents viii
I. INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study 1
B. Statement of the Research Problem and Objectives 5
C. Rationale and Significance of the Study 7
II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
A. State of Media in the Philippines 8
B. Power of the press 13
C. Societal functions of news programs 14
D. Forces that affect mass media 16
E. Issues faced by television news 18
F. Why television? 19
G. Accommodative and Confrontative studies in the Philippines 20
H. Risk management in mass media 29
I. Crisis defined 31
J. Crisis reporting 31
ix
K. Synthesis 36
III. STUDY FRAMEWORK
A. Theoretical Framework 38
B. Conceptual Framework 42
C. Operational Framework 46
D. Definitions of terms 49
IV. METHODOLOGY
A. Research Design 51
B. Research Method 52
C. Research Instruments 52
D. Concepts and indicators 53
E. Unit of analysis and sampling 54
F. Data gathering/generation and construction 55
G. Data Analysis 56
H. The Researchers 56
V. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
A. Value Identification 59
B. Value Application in crisis reporting 63
C. Value Resemblance and Disparity 75
D. Value Pervasiveness in different types of crisis (2005-2010) 81
E. Value Usage in internal and external contention 93
F. Value Functionalism 104
G. Synthesis 116
x
VI. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
A. Summary of findings 122
B. Conclusion of the study 128
VII. IMPLICATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
A. Theoretical 130
B. Methodological 132
C. Practical 135
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES
A. Interview Guide for Journalists/Reporters and News officials
B. Focus Group Discussion guide for College students, Young-professionals, and
home-based adults
C. Textual Analysis guide for videos
D. Summary Matrix of Interviews and FGD