New Species of Lauraceae from Ecuador and Peru

15 Pages·1991·11.7 MB·

by  Henk Van Der Werff

NEW
LAURACEAE
OF
SPECIES Henk van der
Werff^
FROM ECUADOR AND
PERU^
Abstract
The new
Seven species of Lauraceae from Ecuador and Peru are described and their affinities are discussed. species
Cinnamomum
belong to the genera Caryodaphnopsis (C. tomentosa), (C. napoense and C. palaciosii), Endlicheria
(E. citriodora), Ocotea {O. alata, 0. infrafoveolata, and O. rotundata), and Rhodostemonodaphne {R. sjnandra).
Intensive fieldwork during the past few years in connected; lamina glabrous above or with traces
Peru (by A. Gentry, R. Vasquez, and N. Jaramillo) of pubescence at the bases of the major veins,
and Ecuador (mostly by D. C. Ceron, and brown-tomentose on lower surface. Petioles to
Neill, 1
cm
W.
Palacios) has resulted in a large number of long, tomentose. Inflorescences clustered in the
excellent collections of Lauraceae. Several of these axils of leaves, paniculate, with opposite or alter-
cm
represent undescribed species and seven of the nate branching, to 7 long, whitish tomentellous
grouped cymes. Bracts of
most striking ones are described in this contribu- in sicco, flowers in in-
ones
expect that as long as these collecting efforts florescences persistent, linear, the larger ca.
tion.
I
mm
continue, more undescribed species become 2 long, bracts subtending flowers only half as
will
mm
2-3
known and articles such as this one, describing long. Pedicels long. Flowers green, with-
these novelties, appear with some regularity. out odor (fide collector). Tepals 6, strongly unequal,
will
the outer three broadly ovate to roundfish, ca.
1
mm
Caryodaphnopsis tomentosa van der Werff, long, pubescent outside, glabrous inside,
mm
nov. TYPE: Ecuador. Napo, Estacion Biol- spreading; inner tepals erect, ca. 3 long, el-
sp.
m
some
ogica Jatun Sacha, tree, 25 tall, flowers llptic, pubescent outside, inside with scattered
green, 7 Aug. 1989, Palacios 1337 (holo- hairs mostly near the margin. Stamens of whorls
mm
MO; AAU, BOG, CR, GH, and 2-celled, 1.5 long, the filament
type, isotypes, F, I II fertile,
mm
HBG, K, KUN, LE, QAME, QCE, QRS, long, dorsally pubescent, otherwise glabrous;
L,
1
mm
NY, P, S, US). Figure stamens of whorl III 0.7 long, sterile or with
1.
2 mhmte, the filament with two
vestigial locelli,
Ab speciebus ceteris Caryodaphnopsis ramulis et
foiiis
basal glands, the anther well developed and clearly
subtus tomentosis, staminibus fertilibus 6, bilocellatis, re-
differentiated from the filament; staminodia (whorl
cedit.
mm
IV) ca. 0.7 long, with a pubescent filament
m m
Ovary
Tree, 25 the trunk with buttresses and glabrous, cordate glabrous, ellipsoid,
tip.
tall, 1
high. Twigs terete or slightly quadrangular, brown- gradually narrowed into the slender style. Recep-
tomentose when young, becoming glabrous. Ter- tacle shallow, pubescent inside.
Car tomentosa very
minal bud brown-tomentose. Leaves opposite, co- joJa/>/iAirY^5/5 a distinc-
is
8-18 3-7
riaceous, X cm, the base obtuse tive species by virtue of tomentose pubescence
elliptic, its
or acute, the tip acute, triveined, the 2 lateral veins on twigs and leaves, its pubescent inflorescences
beginning at the very leaf base and ending in the and flowers, the presence of only six fertile two-
apex, impressed on the upper surface and promi- celled stamens, and coriaceous leaves with
its
nently raised on the lower surface, the perpendic- strongly raised venation. Although its androecium
Caryodaphnopsis,
ular tertiary veins raised on the lower surface, the unique in possesses all other
is it
lateral veins with up to 10 branchlets toward the characters of the genus, such as opposite leaves,
margin, these strongly arching upward and loop- strongly unequal tepals, and a long, slender style.
Luther Raechal kindly photographed the type specimens. Drawings were made by John Myers. thank the
I
'
Peru and Ecuador numbers 3480-86 and
National Geographic Society for financial support of fieldwork in (grant
3821-88).
Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O.Box 299, Louis, Missouri 63166-0299, U.S.A.
2 St.
409-423,
Ann. Missouri Bot. Card. 78: 1991.
410
Annals
of the
Garden
Missouri Botanical
E
E
CNJ
— —
Figure Caryoduphiwpsis tumrntosa.—A,
I. Habit. B. Detail of inflorescence.— C. D. Stamen of
Pistil.
— —
—
whorl III (sterile). E. Staminode of whorl IV. F. Stamen of whorl I/II ventral view. G. Larva inside flower.
Volume Number 2 van der Werff 411
78,
New
Lauraceae from Ecuador and Peru
1991
Although Caryodaphnopsis tomentosa only lornbia and Peru, has apparently not been re-
is it
known with certainty from the type collection, three corded from Ecuador. Recent fieldwork has shown
sterile collections from Peru probably represent the that it is represented by at least three, and probably
same species. These are: Ge/i/rje^ 42762 (MO) more species in Ecuador. Further collecting may
a/.
&
6387 known
and Vdsqiiez Jaramillo (MO), both from demonstrate that the paucity of Cinna-
momum
Yanamono, Explorama Tourist Camp, Maynas, species in northern South America reflects
Loreto, and Gentry et al. 55831 (MO), from the incomplete collecting and that the genus is rep-
more
Explorama Inn, Maynas, Loreto. In venation and resented by species than previously thought.
A
indument these collections are a good match for possibly useful character in the identification
Cinnamomum
The
the type collection. of the odor of the flowers.
is
Cinnamomum
Although fruits have not yet been collected, they species of I have collected (C. cos-
&
were described by the collector as small and round, taricanum (Mez Pitt.) Kostermans, C. cinna-
(HBK)
a fruit type which to be expected in this group momlfolium Kostermans in Venezuela
is s.l.
Caryodaphnopsis and Ecuador, and palaciosii van der Werff)
of species with strongly C,
all
tri-
veined leaves (van der Werff, 1988). The collector had flowers with a similar odor of urine. As a rule,
noted that small white larvae were frequently pres- Lauraceae have pleasantly fragrant flowers, and
ent the flowers and, indeed, larvae were found therefore think this peculiar odor indicative for
in I is
Cinnamomum
most dissected flowers. the neotropical species.
in
Cinnamomum
Schaeffer
Cinnamomum
napoense
van der Werff,
sp.
Cinnamomum
The
group which
of species to
nov. TYPE: Ecuador. Napo, Estacion Biologica
napoense and palaciosii belong has been
C. in- 2-5
m, 1988
Jatun Sacha, 7 Sep.
tree,
(fl),
cluded Phoebe by authors (Mez, 1889,
earlier
in 2886 MO; QCE,
Palarios (holotype, isotypes,
Mez
Because was person
for instance). the last to QAME, AAU, HBG, NY,
US). Figures 2B,
survey neotropical Lauraceae, concepts of
his
all
3A-F.
and genera have long remained unchal-
species
Ab Mez
now some ceteris speciebus subgeneris Heterantherae
lenged. Until have, with hesitation,
I
costarum
majorlbus, longioribus
foliis petiolis et axillis
accepted Mez's concept (van der Werff, 1987,
subtus non-barbellatis
differt.
1988). Kostermans (1961) argued for the transfer
m
Cinnamomum
of neotropical Phoebe species to and Trees, to 15 tall. Twigs terete, glabrous or
made the necessary new combinations. Because minutely puberulous when young, with a soft pith
various neotropical species of other genera have and sometimes fistulose. Terminal bud densely pu-
been erroneously described in Phoebe, T feh that be rulous. Leaves alternate, somewhat clustered near
6-12
18-30 x
these problems needed to be sorted out before the tips of branches, chartaceous,
Cinnamomum.
accepting the remaining species in cm, elliptic, the base acute or rarely obtuse, the
my
have now changed mind on makes no acute, upper surface glabrous, lower surface
this; tip
I it
sense to describe new species in a genus to which glabrous and densely gland-dotted, sometimes with
they do not belong. Although the problems with minute, appressed hairs along the major veins,
the delimitation of Cinnamomum are not solved lateral veins 5-8 on each side, arching upward
and generic concepts may change again the near the margin and somewhat loop-connected in
in
future, think the neotropical species formerly the upper 14 of the leaf, midrib and lateral veins
I
treated Phoebe are, with some exceptions, more impressed on upper surface and prominently raised
in
Cinnamomum
closely related to than to any other on lower surface, the tertiary venation less raised
Cinnamomum
genus, and accept as their generic and drying lighter than the lamina. Basal lateral
I
Wood
name. anatomical characters also support veins stronger developed than the upper ones. Tufts
the transfer of neotropical Phoebe species to Cin- of hair absent from the axils of the lateral veins.
namomum 3-4.5 cm
(Richter, 1981). Petioles glabrous, canaliculate, long. Tn-
Cinnamomum
The neotropical species have two florescences clustered on very short, leafless shoots
areasof species richness: northern Central America in the axils of normal leaves or along the twigs,
5-15 cm
and southern The genus poorly repre- minutely puberulous, long, paniculate,
Brazil.
is
sented other neotropical areas. Most collections the ultimate division(s) usually cymose, but occa-
in
3-4
from northern South America belong to the C. sionally racemose. Flowers yellow, pedicels
mm
1.5-
cinnamomifolia complex, which usually occurs in long. Tepals 6, erect at anthesis, ovate,
mm
montane habitats (mostly 1,200-2,000 m). Al- 2 long, on both surfaces with some appressed
though Mez (1889) reported the genus from Co- hairs, united at the base and falling together
off"
412 Annals
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— —
— —
Figure Cinnamomum B.Cinnamomum napoense. CEndlicheria citriodora. D. Ocotea
2. A. palaciosii.
(data.
Volume Number 2 van der Werff 413
78,
New
Lauraceae from Ecuador and Peru
1991
— — —
Cinnamomam
Figure 3. A-F. napoense. A. Floral detail. B. Flower, outside. C. Three fallen tepals, with
— —
4-celled stamens of whorl I/II, a 2-celled stamen of whorl III with basal glands and a staminode. D. Pistil. E,
Stamen of whorl III, the basal glands lacking, dorsal view, F. Cupule with fruit. G-J. Ocotea rotundata.—G. Part
—
—
of inflorescence. H. Flower with several tepals removed. Stamen of whorl I/II, ventral view. Cupules.
I. J.
with the stamens in old flowers. Stamens 9, the opening extrorsely, the sparsely pubescent filament
outer six 4-celled, attached near the base of the about as long as the anther; glands attached
11,
tepals and slightly shorter than them, anthers ca. at the base of the stamens of the whorl III; stamino-
mm mm
0.8 long, cells opening introrsely and arranged dia 3, ca. 0.6 long, with a very short, pubescent
in 2 horizontal pairs, the filament gradually widened filament and a large, sagittate tip. Ovary glabrous,
some
into the anther, with short hairs, especially ellipsoid, included in the receptacle, style slender,
dorsally; the inner 3 and staminodia attached on about as long as the ovary, the entire ca. 1.8
pistil
mm
a ridge which bent inward and largely covers the long; receptacle with scattered hairs inside,
is
cm
ovary, inner 3 stamens 2-celled, slightly shorter Cupule ca. the rim slightly lobed, the
1 tall,
than the stamens of the outer whorls, the cells young fruit included, older fruits greatly exserted,
414 Annals of the
Garden
Missouri Botanical
£
E E
E CO
:
itfAV-.:v>. \:7 :-'.,....
'.
E
E
—
Figure 4. A, B. Endlicheria citriodora. A. Cross section through pistillate flower. B. Staminate flower. C-
—
—
—
Cinnamomum
F. palaciosii. C. Flower, with some tepals removed. D. Stamen of whorl I/II, ventral view. E.
Stamen
of whorl dorsal view. -F. Stuminode of whorl IV.
III,
cm
ca. 2 long; margin of cupule often with rem- cies. The Brazilian species differ in their smaller
cm
nants ot stamens. leaves (less than 10 long), shorter petioles (less
mm
than 15 long) and often dense pubescence on
Wai
Paratypcs. ECUADOR, NAPO: Rio aya, Brand- the lower side of the leaves. Of the two Peruvian
si
36207
bygc (AAU); San Pablo de Secoyas,
et al. los
(fl) Kostermans
species, C. suhsessile (Meissner) has
Rnindhyge ai 36229 (AAU); km 32
carretera
et
(fl)
and
subsessile leaves with a cordate base C. het-
Hollin-Loreto, Neill ai 8605. (MO, QAME); Re-
et
(fl)
&
serva Biologica Jatun Sacha, Palacios 1316 (MO, eranthera (R. P.) Kostermans has small (to 9
(fl)
cm
QAME), 4396 (MO, QAME), Ceron 5970 (MO, long) leaves with tufts of hair in the axils of
(fr)
QAME); km
Rio Napo, 8 from Pto. Misahualli, Palacios the lateral veins. Thus, C, napoense differs from
the other species of subg. Tleteranthera by large
ff^A^fniJlS' its
RR!els!e,riv"ariF!l!o!ri!sSt^i^ca El Churicho, Zaruma 611 (MO, QAME).
leaves, long petioles, and lack of axillary tufts of
August-September;
Flowers: fruits (mature): hair. In older flowers the tepals break off just above
By
January. virtue of its 2-celled anthers of the their base and the margin of the cupule slightly
is
Cinnamomum
napoense
whorl III of stamens, be- undulating due to the presence of the short tepal
longs to subg. Heteranlhcra Mez. This subgenus bases. Often a few stamens also persist on the
consists of two Peruvian and several Brazilian spe- margin of the cupule.
Volume Number
78, 2 van der Werff 415
New
1991 Lauraceae from Ecuador and Peru
mm
Cinnamotnum
palaciosii van der WerfF, sp. style slender, ca. 1.5 long. Receptacle pubes-
nov.TYPE; Ecuador. Imbabura; remnant unknown.
cent
forest inside. Fruit
Cinnamomum
along road Apuela-Otovalo near Apuela, known from
elev. palaciosii, only the
&
2,000 m, 14 Feb. 1989, van der Werff type collection, belongs to Phoebe subg. Phoebe
10575 MO;
Pnlacios (holotype, isotypes, sensu Mez. Within this subgenus, keys to Cin-
it
AAU, QAME, namomum
QCE, NY,
K, US). Figures 2A, salicifolium (Nees) Kostermans, a
4C-F. known much
poorly Mexican species with smaller
leaves and smaller flowers. The new species can
Ab congeneribus magnis, tomen- be readily recognized by its large, tripliveined leaves
foliis inflorescentiis
tellis et floribus pedicellisque glabris differt. with an angustate or cuneate base, and the rather
large, glabrous flowers contrasting with the tomen-
25 m,
Tree, with divided buttresses. Twigs an- tellous inflorescence.
when
gular, solid, very young yellow-brown to- It is a pleasure to name this species after Ing,
mentellous, the indument becoming gray and spars- Walter Palacios, who accompanied me on several
er on old twigs. Terminal bud densely yellow-brown field trips in Ecuador and who has collected several
15-25
pubescent. Leaves
alternate, chartaceous, undescribed species of Lauraceae.
8-15
X
cm,
broadly
elliptic or elliptic-oblong, the
acumen cm
shortly acuminate, the
tip ca. long,
Endlicheria
citriodora van
1 der Werff*, sp. nov.
the base cuneate or narrowly acute, midrib and
Maynas,
XYPE: Peru. Loreto: Jenaro Herrera,
lateral veins impressed on upper surface, promi-
1988
roa<lside near the arboretum, 7 Aug.
nently raised on lower surface, the tertiary venation &
^^n der Vdsqucz Jaramillo
Werff,
(fl)^
3-5
less raised; lateral veins on each side, the basal MO; AMAZ,
9997^
5 (holotype, isotypes,
much
more
pair strongly developed than the upper
HBG).
Figures 2C, 4A,
B.
ones, thus the leaves subtripliveined, the second
A
congeneribus subtus indumento
pair of lateral veins near or above the middle of foliis glaucis, ra-
niulorum brunneo ramuHs
et citriodoris diversa est.
the lamina; upper surface glabrous with the ex-
m
some
ception of pubescence on midrib and basal Dioecious 25 Twigs
tree, to longitudinally
tall.
lateral veins, lower surface sparsely (occasionally ridged, roundish, densely brown-tomentellous with
densely) appressed pubescent with the hairs not the odor of lemon and anise, the lemon scent dom-
all
same
oriented in the direction, barbellate in the inating. Terminal bud brown-tomentellous. Leaves
2-3 cm
15-30 7-14
axils of the lateral veins. Petioles long, alternate, firmly chartaceous, x cm,
canaliculate, with similar indument as twigs. Inflo- oblong or elliptic-ovate, the base obtuse,
elliptic,
rescences single or a few together on short, leafless tip sharply acute to acuminate, the upper surface
4-14 cm
spurs, long, paniculate, with the ultimate glabrous except for the tomentellous midvein, the
cymose
divisions or sometimes appearing racemose lower surface glaucous and with varying amounts
through loss of the lateral flowers of a cyme, dense- of small, appressed hairs, these never obscuring
7-10
yellow-brown
ly tomentellous, especially along the the surface; lateral veins on each side, arch-
main
axis; bracts frequently present, tomentellous- ing upward near the margin but not becoming loop-
mm
on 1-3
pilose outside, glabrous inside, long, connected, immersed on the upper surface, raised
ovate to (very) narrowly ovate; pedicels and flowers on the lower surface, the midvein prominently
raised
glabrous and contrasting markedly with the pu- below, tertiary venation faintly visible on both sur-
mm
cm
bescent inflorescence. Pedicels 5 2-3.5
terete, to faces. Petioles long, with similar indu-
cyme
long, the lateral flowers of a often with shorter ment as twigs, the adaxial side the abaxial side
flat,
pedicels. Flowers green, smelling of urine. Tepals rounded. Inflorescences reddish, in axils of regular
mm
1015
3-3.5 cm
6, equal, erect at anthesis, ovate, long leaves or cataphylls, long, brown-to-
2^3
at anthesis, glabrous outside, the 3 inner ones pu- mentellous, times branched, the ultimate
bescent toward Stamens
inside, especially the base. branching cymose; In staminate plants the ultimate
9, all 4-celled, the outer 6 with the introrse cells cymes usually sessile, the flowers thus in dense
arranged 6-7
in 2 horizontal rows; the anther ca. 1 groups of (rarely 9 or 13) flowers. Pedicels
mm
mm
long, about as long as the pubescent filament; 1.5-2.5 long and flowers densely, minutely
inner 3 stamens with narrow anthers, the cells pubescent, the indument covering the surface en-
mm
lateral-extrorse, filaments with 2 large glands near Receptacle deep, 0.7
tirely. ca. long, slightly
and
the base slightly longer than the anthers; stanii- constricted near the densely pubescent
tip, inside.
mm mm
nodia 3, 1.5 long, the cordate tip ca. 0.8 Tepals 6, equal, spreading at anthesis, the tips bent
mm
long, filament pubescent; ovary glabrous, globose, inward, ca. 0.7 long, ovate-elliptic, with some
416 Annals of the
Garden
Missouri Botanical
hairs on the inner surface. Male flowers: tepals ecus lower leaf surface^ the indument of twigs and
make
reddish and stamens yellow, at anthesis the tepals inflorescence and the lemon odor identifi-
spreading and the stamens exposed. Stamens cation easy, however.
fully
mm
An
9, 2-celled, the outer 6 ca. 0.5 long, almost unusual character of the staminate inflores-
all
the filament narrower than the anther, the cences the frequent suppression of the peduncles
sessile, is
cells large, the connective extending beyond the of the ultimate cymes. Thus, the flowers appear in
some
cells, filament with hairs at the base; inner pseudo-umbellate clusters, mostly consisting of six
mm
3 stamens with extrorse cells, 0.7 long, the flowers (two cymes along an axis), or seven flowers
cyme
pubescent filament about as long as and wider than (a terminal with the two lateral divisions again
the antlier; no glands seen on the filaments. Pis- cymosely branched). Occasionally, when the
ulti-
mate main becomes
tillode threadlike, glabrous, without a stigma, not part of the axis also sup-
may
surpassing the stamens. Female flowers: tepals at pressed, the pseudo-umbels consist of nine
anthesis erect, the tips slightly incurved. Stami- (one terminal and two lateral cymes condensed) or
mm
nodes 0.3-0.5 long, the filaments broad, pu- 13 (two lateral and a branched terminal cyme)
number
Stam-
bescent, anthers 2-celled, the cells opening. flowers. Frequently, the of flowers small-
is
inodes surpassed by the style and or less er, because the central flowers of each cyme de-
mm
hidden under the stigma. Pistil 1.2~1.5 long, velop faster than the laterals and fall ofl* before the
glabrous, ovary about as long and wide as the style, laterals,
Cupule cupshapcd,
stigma large, peltate. shallowly
smooth, x cm;
red in vivo, 1.1 1.9 in sicco black,
Ocotea
alata van der nov. TYPE: Peru.
Werff", sp.
contrasting sharply with the tan-pubescent ped-
this
Nanay
Loreto: Maynas, Mishana, Rio halfway
X cm.
Fruit ellipsoid. 2.5 1.5
icel.
between and Santa Maria de Nanay,
Iquitos
Parutypes. Peru. I.okkto: Requena, Jenaro Herrera, 12-13
upland forest on white sand, Jan, 1983,
A. Castillo 13, 6 (MO), tree 4-478, A.. Castillo 34.
(fl) 39447
Gentry MO).
$ (holotype,
et al.
& (fl).
(MO), Vdsquez Jaramillo 9593, (MO,
6 S
(fl) (fl)
2D.
Figure
AMAZ);
Maynas, Puerto Ahnendras van der Werff
et al.
9776 (MO, AMAZ); Maynas, Mishana, Gentry al
(st) et
Ab Ocotea glome rat a et O. magnifica rainulis alatis
25983 (MO) Gentry 39301 (MO), van der
(st) et al. (fr)
et basi rotundatis vel subcordatis recedit.
foliis
10187, (MO, AMAZ); Maynas,
Terffet 9 Alpa-
al.
(fl)
huayo, field station of IIAP, van der Werff et al 10242, m
20
mostly than
Dioecious but
tree to less
tall,
(MO, AMAZ).
6 mm
(fl)
10 m. Twigs winged, the wings to 5 broad.
Flowers: August-September; January. young twigs densely tomentellous, glabrescent with
fruits
Conunon names: Limon-moena, Anis moena. age. Terminal bud densely tomentellous. Leaves
35-65 x 10—20
Etulllcheria (itriodora has been collected in the alternate, chartaceous, cm, (nar-
vicinity of Iquitos and Jenaro Herrera in Amazo- rowly) obovate or elliptic, the base abruptly round-
nian Peru. It is restricted to a forest type locally ed to subcordate, the tip acute to acuminate, the
called 'Varillal," a ca. 25-30-m-tall, closed forest upper surface glabrous, the lower surface with short,
mm
on a substrate of predominantly white sand with a erect hairs ca. 0.2 long, the pubescence spars-
snmll amount of clay. The glaucous lower leaf er and shorter on old leaves, the surface always
surface and the lemon scent are very good venation immersed on upper surface, mid-
field visible;
characters; the scent pronounced dried vein prominently raised on lower surface, the
less in lat-
is
material, and specimens preserved in alcohol lose eral veins (15-20 on each side) raised and tertiary
The
the glaucous cast. two Castillo collections have venation slightly raised; lateral veins arching up-
retained the striking glaucous lower leaf surfaces. ward near the margin and becoming weakly loop-
The
deep tube, constricted near the apex, connected the upper half of the lamina. Petioles
floral in
mm
11. cm
resembles the shape of Aniba flowers. However, 5 long, to 6 thick, canaliculate, with
and same indument
the unisexual flowers, anthers with large loceUi the as twigs. Inflorescences in axils
cm
15-25
the smooth, fleshy cupule are characteristic of of leaves or cataphylls, long, densely
/s«^/-
lichcria. This genus was last revised by Koster- tomentellous, the lateral branches once or twice
mans (1937) and in need of an updated treat- cymosely branched, many-flowered. Flowers sessile
is
The
mcnt. closest relatives of E. citriodora are in or nearly so, while, the tepals erect at anthesis.
mm
1.52.0
the group of species with a deep receptacle and Tepals equal, long, densely ap-
6,
spreading tepals {E. klugii O. C. Schmidt, E. pressed pubescent outside, sparsely pubescent in-
hrouniana Mez, E. pyrifoniiis (Noes) Mez, E. side, broadly ovate-elliptic. Male flowers: stamens
mrtdUica Kostermans, among others). The glau- 9, 4-celled, glabrous, the outer 6 with inlrorse
all
Volume Number 2 van der Werff 417
78,
New
Lauraceae from Ecuador and Peru
1991
mm
specimens from Jenaro Herrera;
ca. long, the filaments distinct, 0.4 their illustration
cells, 1
mm mm
show rounded
long; inner 3 stamens fused, ca. long, does not the abruptly leaf base, al-
1
the extrorse; glands small, globose, attached though they correctly describe this character. Oco-
cells
at the base of the inner stamens; pistillode linear, tea alata occurs in varillal (see previous species),
enclosed by the inner stamens, with a small stigma,
Female
pubescent
glabrous, the receptacle inside.
Ocotea
infrafoveolala van der Werff, nov.
sp.
flowers: staminodes 9, traces of anther cells visible
TYPE: Ecuador. Zamora-Chinchipe: at the pass
but not opening, inner 3 staminodes free;
locelli
of the Loja-Zamora road, wet scrub, elev.
stigma platelike, raised above the staminodes, ova- &
2,900 m, 12 Feb. 1985, Ilarling An-
ry globose, glabrous, enclosed in the glabrous re-
21968
GB; MO).
dersson (holotype, isotype,
ceptacle. Tepals persisting in the fruiting
initially
Figure
5.
Immature
stage, but finally deciduous. fruit en-
closed in receptacle, mature fruit ovoid, ca. 15 x Arbor parva, ramufis crassis, juvenalibus ferrugineo-
9 mm, largely exserted, the cupule deeply cup- tomentosis, vetustioribus glabris; foliis ellipticis, subtus
ferrugineo-tomentosis, valde foveolatis; inflorescentiis ax-
shaped.
cm
hermapbroditis,
illaribus, j)aniculatis; floribus ca. 1
Amazonian Peru, from Jenaro Her-
Distribution:
diametro; staminibus 9, 4-locellatis; staminodiis nullis, cu-
downstream
rera to the Brazilian border. pula parva.
m
Paratypes, PERU. LORETO: Prov. Requena, Jenaro Her- Shrub or small tree, 6(10) Twigs an-
tall.
&
rera, Gentry et al 21199, 6 (fl) (MO); Spichlger gular, ferruginous tomentose when young, becom-
&
Encnrnnrion 6/125, (MO); Vdsquez
/67, tree S
/ (fl)
ing glabrous, often with conspicuous scars of fallen
Jaramillo 232. S (MO); van der Werff al 10089,
et
(fl)
6-15
Leaves X 2.5^6 cm,
leaves. alternate,
(MO); collector unknown, tree 6/125, S (MO);
(st) (fl)
&
Prov. Loreto, Nauta, Vdsquez Jaramillo 5059, 6 strongly coriaceous, elliptic to elliptic -oblong, the
(fl)
(MO); Revilla 925 (young fr) (MO), 1640, $ (fl) (MO); acute, the base gradually narrowed, at the very
tip
&
Rimachi 3745 (MO); Vdsquez Jaramillo 4483,
(fr)
base revolute and decurrent on the petiole; the
(MO), 8697, (young (MO), 8918, (MO); Prov.
6 fr) (fr)
(fl)
& upper surface of very young leaves tomentose, this
Maynas, border post on Rio Javeri, Gentry Revilla
20897 tomenturn soon disappearing and the surface shiny
(MO).
(fr)
and glabrous except for traces of tomenturn on the
Flowers year round (January, April, June, July, main veins and the margin; lower surface with a
October, November, December); collected dense, ferruginous tomenturn, the midvein, sec-
fruits in
March, and November. ondary and tertiary veins with a lanate ferruginous
July,
Ocotea alata belongs to the O. guianensis group pubescence, the surface between veins covered with
of Rohwer (1986) because of nearly sessile a shorter, lighter-colored tomentose pubescence,
its
flowers, the fused stamens of whorl III, the per- or rarely the tomenturn absent, both kinds of pu-
sistent tepals of the young fruit, and the cupule hescence thinner and lighter colored with age; lat-
10-
shape. Within group, most closely related eral veins 15 pairs, midvein and lateral veins
this it is
Mez
to O. glomcrata (Nees) s.L, the only species immersed on upper surfaces, but, together with
with erect pubescence on the lower leaf surface. tertiary venation, prominently raised on the lower
Part of O. glotnerata O, magnlfica O.C. surface, which strongly pitted by the raised re-
s.l. is is
more
Schmidt (isotype, NY). This segregate has larger ticulation; margin of the leaves revolute,
leaves with an inrolled base and a typical indument strongly so toward the base of the leaves. Petioles
mm
cm
on the lower leaf ijurface (a dense, tomentellous broad, ca. 5 wide, and to long, but mostly
1
pubescence and longer erect and only poorly defined because of the decurrent laminae;
hairs),
is
me
known to from the type collected at the middle pubescence on young petioles a ferruginous to-
Two
Ucuyali. recent collections from the Tingo mentum, this wearing off with age. Inflorescences
10-16 cm
Maria area have the pubescence characters of O. axillary, paniculate, long, branching in
cm
magn'ifica, but resemble O. glonierata in leaf size the upper half, the peduncle to 10 long; bracts
More
and absence of an inrolled base. collections supporting the basal branchlets of large inflores-
are needed to determine the status of 0. /na^/2(y?ra. cences occasionally leaflike and persisting; inflo-
Ocotea alata resembles O. rnagnijica in leaf size, rescence ferruginous tomentose near base, beconi-
but can be easily recognized by winged stems ing ferruginous lanate in the distal part. Flowers
its
and rounded leaf base. Tn the past, have identified hermaphrodite, greenish yellow, sessile or nearly
I
cited specimens as O. rnagnijica and duplicates so, subtended by a narrowly ovate, ferruginous
all
mm
have been distributed under that name. Spichiger tomentose bract, to 5 long. Tepals 6, equal,
mm mm
name
(1989) also used the O. magnifica for sp ading ovate, 4 long, 3 wide, ferru-
et al.
—
418 Annals of the
Garden
Missouri Botanical
—
— —
^C.
Figure 5. Ocotea infrafoveolata. A. Habit. B. Flower. Pistil. D. Stamen of whorl I/II, ventral view.
— —
E. Stamen whorl III, dorsal view. F. Cupule and fruit. G. Detail of pubescence along midrib on lower leaf surface
—
(lower half) and upper leaf surface (upper half). H. Leaf base.