Table Of Content92 Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design (NNFM)
Editors
E.H. Hirschel/Miinchen
W. Schroder/Aachen
K. Fujii/Kanagawa
W. Haasc/Miinchen
B, van Leer/Ann Arbor
M. A. Leschziner/London
M. Pandolfi/Torino
J. Periaux/Paris
A. Rizzi/Stockholm
B. Roux/Marseille
New Results in
Numerical and Experimental
Fluid Mechanics V
Contributions to the 14th STAB/DGLR
Symposium Bremen, Germany 2004
Hans-Josef Rath
Carsten Holze
Hans-Joachim Heinemann
Rolf Henke
Heinz Honlinger
(Editors)
Springer
Prof. Dr. Hans-Josef Rath Roff Henke
C^arsteii Holze Airbus Deutschland GmbH
ZARM - University of Brenien Senior Project Manager
Ani Fallturm/Hochiichulring Iliinefeldstraffe 1-5
D-28359 Bremen D~28i99 Bremen
Dr. Hans-]oachim Heinemaim Professor Dr. Heinz Honlinger
Co-Managing Editor DLR - AE
..Aerospace Science and Technology, AST" Bunsenstrafie 10
DLR D-37073 Gottingen
BunsenstraCe 10
D-37073 Gottingen
Library of Congress Control Number: 2006923556
ISBN-10 3-540-33286-3 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
ISBN-13 978-3-540-33286-2 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
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NNFM Editor Addresses
Prof. Dr. Ernst Heinridi Hirschel Prof. Dr. Maurizio Pandolfi
(General editor) Politecnico di Torino
Herzog-Heinrich-Weg 6 Dipartimento di Ingegneria
0-85604 /.orneding Aeronautica e Spaziale
Germany Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24
E-mail: [email protected] I-10129 Torino
Italy
li-mail: [email protected]
Prof. Dr. Kozo Fujii
Space Transportation Research Division
Prof. Dr. Jacques Pcriaux
The Institute of Space
Dassault Aviation
and Aslronaulical Science
78, Quai Marcel Dassault
3-1-1, Yoshinodai, Sagamihara F-92552 St. Cloud Cedex
Kanagawa, 229-8510
France
Japan E-mail: [email protected]
E-mail: fujii(Sflab.eng.isas.jaxa.jp
Prof. Dr. Arthur Rizzi
Department of Aeronautics
Dr. Werner Haase
KTH Royal Institute of Technology
Holienkircliener Str. I9d
Tcknikringcn 8
D-85662 Holienbrunn
S-10044 Stockholm
Germany
Sweden
Fi-mail: [email protected]
E-mail: [email protected]
Prof. Dr. Bram van Leer Dr. Bernard Roux
Department of Aerospace Engineering L3M - IMT La Jetee
The University of Michigan Technopole de Chateau-Giombert
Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2140 F-13451 Marseille ("edex 20
USA France
E-mail: bram@ engin.umich.edu E-mail: broux@ I3m.univ-mrs.fr
ProL Dr. Yurii I. Sliokin
Prof. Dr. Michael A. Leschziner Siberian Branch of the
Imperial College of Science Russian Academy of Sciences
Technology and Medicine Institute of Computational
Aeronautics Department Technologies
Prince Consort Road Ac. Lavrentyeva Ave. 6
London SW72BY 630090 Novosibirsk
U.K. Russia
E-mail: mike.leschziner@ ic.ac.uk E-mail: [email protected]
FOREWORD
This volume contains the paper presented at the 14* DGLR/STAB-
Symposium held at the ZARM, Universitat Bremen, Germany, November,
16 to 18, 2004. STAB is the German Aerospace Aerodynamics Associa
tion, founded towards the end of the 1970's, whereas DGLR is the German
Society for Aeronautics and Astronautics (Deutsche Gesellschaft fiir Luft-
und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal Oberth e.V.).
The mission of STAB is to foster development and acceptance of the dis
cipline "Aerodynamics" in Germany. One of its general guidelines is to
concentrate resources and know-how in the involved institutions and to
avoid duplication in research work as much as possible. Nowadays, this is
more necessary than ever. The experience made in the past makes it easier
now, to obtain new knowledge for solving today's and tomorrow's prob
lems. STAB unites German scientists and engineers from universities, re
search-establishments and industry doing research and project work in
numerical and experimental fluid mechanics and aerodynamics for aero
space and other applications. This has always been the basis of numerous
common research activities sponsored by different funding agencies.
Since 1986 the symposium has taken place at different locations in Ger
many every two years. In between STAB workshops regularly take place at
the DLR in Gottingen. The changing meeting places were established as
focal points in Germany's Aerospace Fluid Mechanics Community for a
continuous exchange of scientific results and their discussion. Moreover,
they are a forum where new research activities can be presented, often re
sulting in new commonly organised research and technology projects.
It is the fifths time now that the contributions to the Symposium are pub
lished after being subjected to a peer review. The material highlights the
key items of integrated research and development based on fruitful col
laboration of industry, research establishments and universities. Some of
the contributions still present results from the "Luftfahrtforschungspro-
gramm der Bundesregierung (German Aeronautical Research Pro
gramme)". Some of the papers report on work sponsored by the Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Council) in some of
their Priority Programs (Verbundschwerpunkt-Programm) as well as in
their Collaborative Research Centres (Sonderforschungsbereiche). Other
articles are sponsored by the European Community and are therefore re
sults of cooperation among different organisations. The main areas include
VIII Foreword
numerical simulation and mathematics, aeroelasticity, small and large as
pect ratio wings in the context of leading-edge vortices, wake vortices,
high lift systems and propulsion integration, and new developments in
wind tunnel facilities and measurement techniques. Therefore, this volume
gives an almost complete review of the ongoing aerodynamics research
work in Germany. The order of the papers in this book corresponds closely
to that of the sessions of the Symposium.
The Review-Board, partly identical with the Program-Committee, con
sisted of A. Altminus (Munchen), G. Ashcroft (Koln), J. Ballmann (Aa
chen), R. Behr (Munchen), Chr. Breitsamter (Miinchen), A. D'Alascio
(Miinchen), J. Delfs (Braunschweig), G. Eitelberg (Emmeloord), M.
Fischer (Bremen), R. Friedrich (Munchen), R. Grundmann (Dresden), A.
Gulhan (Koln), H. Hansen (Bremen) , S. Haverkamp (Aachen), St. Hein
(Gottingen), P. Hennig (UnterschleiBheim), F. Holzapfel (WeBling), H.
Honlinger (Gottingen), G. Koppenwallner (Katlenburg-Lindau), W.
Kordulla (Noordwijk), H. Komer (Braunschweig), E. Kramer (Stuttgart),
H.-P. Kreplin (Gottingen), N. Kroll (Braunschweig), D. Kroner (Frei
burg), J. Longo (Braunschweig), Th. Lutz (Stuttgart), F. Menter (Otter-
fing), E. Meyer (Munchen), C. Naumann (Stuttgart), G. Neuwerth
(Aachen), W. Nitsche (Berlin), H. Olivier (Aachen), R. Radespiel
(Braunschweig), H.-J. Rath (Bremen), U. Rist (Stuttgart), H. Rosemann
(Gottingen), R. Schnell (Koln), G. Schrauf (Bremen), W. Schroder
(Aachen), D. Schwambom (Gottingen), J. Sesterhenn (Munchen), E.
Steinhardt (Munchen), Chr. Stemmer (Dreseden), P. Thiede (Bremen),
J. Thorbeck (Berlin), C. Tropea (Darmstadt), R. VoB (Gottingen), C.
Wagner (Gottingen), C. Weiland (Munchen), C. Weishaupl (Munchen),
and W. Wiirz (Stuttgart). Nevertheless, the authors sign responsible for the
contents of their contributions.
The editors are grateful to Prof. Dr. E. H. Hirschel as the General Editor of
the "Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Muhidisciplinary Design"
and to the Springer-Verlag for the opportunity to publish the results of the
Symposium.
H.-J. Rath, Bremen
C. Holze, Bremen
H.-J. Heinemann, Gottingen
R. Henke, Bremen
H. Honlinger, Gottingen
October 2005
CONTENTS
Page
High Aspect-Ratio Wings
D. RECKZEH, H. HANSEN: High Reynolds-Number Windtunnel Testing
fortheDesignof Airbus Higli-Lift Wings 1
S. MELBER-WILKENDING, G. SCHRAUF, M. RAKOWITZ: Aerodynamic
Analysis of Flows with Low Macit and Reynolds-Number under Consideration
and Forecast of Transition on the Example of a Glider 9
H. VOLLMERS, W. PUFFERT-MEISSNER, A. SCHRODER: Analysis of PIV
Flow Measurements behind the ALVAST-Model in High-Lift Configuration ..17
C. BELLASTRADA, CHR. BREITSAMTER: Effect of Differential Flap
Settings on the Wake Vortex Evolution of Large Transport Aircraft 25
S. KAUERTZ, G. NEUWERTH, R. SCHOLL: Investigations on the Influence
of Fins on the Extended Nearfield of a Wing in High-Lift Configuration 33
U. HENNE: Application of the PSP Technique in Low Speed Wind Tunnels ... 41
A. GROTE, R. RADESPIEL: Investigation of Tailplane Stall for a Generic
Transport Aircraft Configuration 50
TH. STREIT, A. RONZHEIMER, A. BUSCHER: Numerical Analysis of
Transport Aircraft Using Different Wing Tip Devices 59
H. STRtJBER, M. HEPPERLE: Aerodynamic Optimisation of a Flying Wing
Transport Aircraft 69
Low Aspect-Ratio Wings
A. FURMAN, CHR. BREITSAMTER: Delta Wing Steady Pressure
Investigations for Sharp and Roimded Leading Edges 77
A. ALLEN, M. D\.TROU, A. PECHLOFF, B. LASCHKA: Computation of
Delta Wing Flap Oscillations with a Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes
Solver 85
A. SCHMID, CHR. BREITSAMTER: Experimental study on the Flowfield
of a Delta-Canard-Configuration with Deflected Leading Edge 94
X Contents
Contents (continued)
Page
A. SCHUTTE, G. EINARSSON, B. SCHONING, A. RAICHLE, TH. ALRUTZ,
W. MONNICH, J. NEUMANN, J. HEINECKE: Numerical Simulation of
Maneuvering Combat Aircraft 103
B. GOLLING, O. ERIsfE: Experimental Investigation on Periodic Rolling of a
Delta Wing Flow at Transonic Mach Numbers 112
U. HERRMANN: Numerical Design of a Low-Noise High-Lift System for a
Supersonic Aircraft 120
Helicopters
F. LE CHUITON: Chimera Simulation of a Complete Helicopter with Rotors
as Actuator Discs 128
A. RAICHLE: Extension of the Unstructured TAU-Code for Rotating Flows .. 136
A. STUERMER: Unsteady Euler and Navier-Stokes Simulations of Propellers
with the Unstructured DLR TAU-Code 144
S. MELBER-WILKENDING: Aerodynamic Analysis of Jet-Blast Using CFD
Considering as Example a Hangar and an AIRBUS A3 80 Configu^tion 152
Bluff Bodies
R. ADELI, J.M.A. LONGO, H. EMUNDS: Flow Field Study of a Supersonic
Jet Exiting into a Supersonic Stream 160
K.V. KLINKOV, A. ERDI-BETCHI, M. REIN: Behaviour of Supersonic
Overexpanded Jets Impinging on Plates 168
A. KOVAR, E. SCHOLEIN: Study of Supersonic Flow Separation Induced by
a Side Jet and its Control 176
J. SRULIJES, F. SEILER: Analytically Obtained Data Compared with Shock
Tunnel Heat Flux Measurements at a Conical Body at M = 6 184
Contents XI
Contents (continued)
Page
Laminar Flow Control and Transition
A. KRUMBEE^I: Navier-Stokes Airfoil Computations with Automatic
Transition Prediction using the DLR TAU Code - A Sensitivity Study 192
J. WILD, O.T. SCHMIDT: Prediction of Attachment Line Transition for a
High-Lift Wing Based on Two-Dimensional Flow Calculations with RANS-
Solver 200
R. WOKOECK, A. GROTE, N. KRIMMELBEIN, J. ORTMANNS,
R. RADESPIEL, A. KRUMBEIN: RANS Simulation and Experiments on
the Stall Behaviour ofaTailplane Airfoil 208
I. HOEFENER, W. NITSCHE, A. CARNARIUS, F. THIELE: Experimental
and Numerical Investigations of Flow Separation and Transition to Turbu
lence in an Axisymmetric Diflfuser 217
I. PELTZER, W. NITSCHE: In-Flight and Wind Tunnel Investigations of
Instabilities on a Laminar Wing Glove 225
O. MARXEN, U. RIST, D. HENNINGSON: Steady Three-Dimensional
Streaks and their Optimal Growth in a Laminar Separation Bubble 233
T. HETSCH, U. RIST: Applicability and Quality of Linear Stability Theory
and Lmear PSE in Swept Laminar Separation Bubbles 241
Active Flow Control
A. BRUNN, W. NITSCHE: Drag Reduction of an Ahmed Car Model by
Means of Active Separation Control at the Rear Vehicle Slant 249
R. PETZ, W. NITSCHE, M. SCHATZ, F. THIELE: Increasing Lift by Means
of Active Flow Control on the Flap of a Generic High-Lift Configuration... 257
P. SCHOLZ, J. ORTMANNS, C.J. KAHLER, R. RADESPIEL: Influencing
the Mixing Process in a Turbulent Boimdaiy Layer by Pulsed Jet Actuators .. 265
B. GOKSEL, I. RECHENBERG: Active Flow Control by Surface Smooth
Plasma Actuators 273
XII Contents
Contents (continued)
Page
Hypersonic Flows
M. HAVERMANN, F. SEILER: Boundary Layer Influence on Supersonic
Jet/Cross-Flow Interaction in Hypersonic Flow 281
A. MACK, M. EMRAN, R. SCHAf'ER: Numerical rebuilding of a Generic
Body-Flap Model in an Arc Heated Facility 289
U. GAISBAUER, H. KNAUSS, N. N. Fedorova, Y. V. Kharlamova:
Experimental and Numerical Investigations of Shock/Turbulent Boundary-
Layer Interaction on a Double Ramp Configuration 297
H. LUDEKE, A. FILIMON: Time Accurate Simulation of Turbulent Nozzle
FlowbytheDLRTAU-Code 305
ST. LOHLE, M. FERTIG, M. AUWETER-KURTZ: Quantitative Compari
son of Measured and Nimierically Simulated Erosion Rates of SiC Based
Heat Shield Materials 313
O. BOZIC, J.M.A. LONGO, P. GIESE, J. BEHRENS: High-End Concept to
Launch Micro-Satellites into Low-Earth-Orbit Based on Combination of a
Two-Stage Rocket and a Railgun-System 322
Aeroelasticity
A. SODA, T. TEFY, R. V06: Numerical Simulation of Steady and Unsteady
Aerodynamics of the WIONA (Wing with Oscillating Nacelle) Configu
ration 330
R. V06, C. HIPPE: Computation of the Flutter Boundary of the NLR 7301
Airfoil in the Transonic Range 338
Aeroacoustics
M. FISCHER, H. BIELER, R. EMUNDS: The Noise Criteria within
Multidisciplinary High-Lift Design 348
J. ORTMANN, J. WILD: Effect of Noise Reducing Modifications of the Slat
on Aerodynamic Properties of the High-Lift System 357
