New Developments in Computational Fluid Dynamics: Proceedings of the Sixth International Nobeyama Workshop on the New Century of Computational Fluid Dynamics, Nobeyama, Japan, April 21 to 24, 2003

248 Pages·2005·8.375 MB·English

by  C.C. Huang, J.Y. Yang (auth.), Professor Dr. Kozo Fujii, Professor Dr. Kazuhiro Nakahashi, Professor Dr. Shigeru Obayashi, Professor Dr. Satoko Komurasaki (eds.)

90 NotesonNumericalFluidMechanicsandMultidisciplinaryDesign(NNFM)
Editors
E.H.Hirschel/München
K.Fujii/Kanagawa
W.Haase/München
B.vanLeer/AnnArbor
M.A.Leschziner/London
M.Pandolfi/Torino
J.Periaux/Paris
A.Rizzi/Stockholm
B.Roux/Marseille
Y.I.Shokin/Novosibirsk
New Developments
in Computational
Fluid Dynamics
Proceedings of the Sixth International
Nobeyama Workshop on the New Century
of Computational Fluid Dynamics, Nobeyama,
Japan, April 21 to 24, 2003
Kozo Fujii
Kazuhiro Nakahashi
Shigeru Obayashi
Satoko Komurasaki
(Editors)
ABC
ProfessorDr.KozoFujii ProfessorDr.ShigeruObayashi
InstituteofSpaceandAstronautical InstituteofFluidScience
Science(ISAS) TohokuUniversity
Yoshinodai,Sagamihara Katahira2-1-1,980Sendai
3-1-1,229-8510Kanagawa Japan
Japan
ProfessorDr.KazuhiroNakahashi ProfessorDr.SatokoKomurasaki
DepartmentofAeronautics/ CollegeofScience&Technology
SpaceEngineering DepartmentofMathematics
TohokuUniversity NihonUniversity
Katahira1-1-2,980-8577Sendai Kanda-Surugadai1-8
Japan 101-0062Tokyo
Japan
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2005930441
ISBN-10 3-540-27407-3SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork
ISBN-13 978-3-540-27407-0SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork
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NNFM Editor Addresses
Prof.Dr.ErnstHeinrichHirschel Prof.Dr.MaurizioPandolfi
(Generaleditor) PolitecnicodiTorino
Herzog-Heinrich-Weg6 DipartimentodiIngegneria
D-85604Zorneding AeronauticaeSpaziale
Germany CorsoDucadegliAbruzzi,24
E-mail:[email protected] I-10129Torino
Italy
E-mail:pandolfi@polito.it
Prof.Dr.KozoFujii
SpaceTransportationResearchDivision Prof.Dr.JacquesPeriaux
TheInstituteofSpace DassaultAviation
andAstronauticalScience 78,QuaiMarcelDassault
3-1-1,Yoshinodai,Sagamihara, F-92552St.CloudCedex
Kanagawa,229-8510 France
Japan E-mail:[email protected]
E-mail:fujii@flab.eng.isas.jaxa.jp
Prof.Dr.ArthurRizzi
DepartmentofAeronautics
Dr.WernerHaase KTHRoyalInstituteofTechnology
HöhenkirchenerStr.19d Teknikringen8
D-85662Hohenbrunn S-10044Stockholm
Germany Sweden
E-mail:[email protected] E-mail:[email protected]
Dr.BernardRoux
Prof.Dr.BramvanLeer L3M–IMTLaJetée
DepartmentofAerospaceEngineering TechnopoledeChateau-Gombert
TheUniversityofMichigan F-13451MarseilleCedex20
AnnArbor,MI48109-2140 France
USA E-mail:[email protected]
E-mail:[email protected]
Prof.Dr.YuriiI.Shokin
SiberianBranchofthe
Prof.Dr.MichaelA.Leschziner RussianAcademyofSciences
ImperialCollegeofScience, InstituteofComputational
TechnologyandMedicine Technologies
AeronauticsDepartment Ac.LavrentyevaAve.6
PrinceConsortRoad 630090Novosibirsk
LondonSW72BY Russia
U.K. E-mail:[email protected]
E-mail:[email protected]
Preface
Itisajoyfulandfittingmomentthatwe,thefriends,colleaguesandsupport-
ers of Prof. Kunio Kuwahara, dedicate this Workshop to Prof. Kuwahara.
We gathered in late April of 2003 in the tranquility of Nobeyama mountain
resorttocommemoratethe60thbirthdayofProf.Kuwaharawhichhadfallen
in November, 2002.
IntheculturalbackdropofEastAsia,the60thbirthdaycarriesadditional
significance. Looking back on the occasion of Kan-re-ki (the 60th birthday),
a man is supposed to have accomplished something of meaningfulness and
value.Withtheseundertones,itwillbeausefulexercisetorecountthesplen-
did accomplishments of Prof. Kuwahara.
The major professional achievements of Prof. Kuwahara may be com-
pressed into two main categories. First and foremost, Prof. Kuwahara will
longberecordedasthefront-linepioneerinusingnumericalcomputationsto
tackle complex problems in fluid mechanics. His unquenching zeal in compu-
tation and utilization of computers is unmatched throughout the globe. His
infatuation with the Supercomputers of 1980’s and 1990’s is now a legend in
the fluid dynamics communities. He continues to stand tall on the leading
edge of computational fluid mechanics research and industrial applications.
Inshort,Prof.Kuwaharahasfilledinachapterinthehistoryofmodernfluid
dynamics research.
Another important contribution of Prof. Kuwahara has been made in
the training and fostering of talented manpower of computational mechanics
research.Theearly-timemembersofProf.Kuwahara’sprivateresearchinsti-
tuteinTokyoweremoreofrecipientsofnon-profitresearchfellowshipsrather
than employees of a commercial establishment. These then-young technical
staff of Prof. Kuwahara grew up to dominate the computational sectors of
industries and research circles of Japan. Prof. Kuwahara has had the vision
and energy to nurture the next-generation developers and practitioners of
computational fluid dynamics.
We have no doubt that Prof. Kuwahara will exert ceaseless effort and
enthusiasm to uplift the status of computational fluid dynamics to the next
stratum. We expect to see Prof. Kuwahara in good health and high spirit in
theyearstocome.Ahappyandprosperous60thbirthdayofProf.Kuwahara.
Prof. Jae Min Hyun,
Friends of Prof. Kuwahara
VIII Biography
Kunio Kuwahara
Prof. Kunio Kuwahara was born on November 30, 1942 in Tokyo, Japan.
He received his undergraduate and graduate education at the University of
Tokyo,majoringinphysics.In1975,heobtainedadoctor’sdegreeofScience
from the University of Tokyo.
He started his academic career in 1970 as Assistant Professor in the De-
partment of Applied Physics at the University of Tokyo. After one year at
the NASA Ames Research Center as a NRC Senior Research Associate, he
joined the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science in 1981.
Prof. Kuwahara has made significant and seminal contributions to the
computationalfluiddynamicssincetheinfancyofthefield.Hepioneeredthe
vortex method in his doctor’s thesis. This simple, but physically insightful
approach, has been continuously improved by many researchers since then.
From seventies to eighties, he and co-workers developed the basic numerical
methods for solving the equations of incompressible and compressible fluid
flows.Thealgorithmshavebeenusedforsimulationsofthethree-dimensional,
unsteadyflowsdominatedbydynamicvortices.Thesesuccessesopenedanew
frontier in CFD for both flow physics and flow engineering.
Prof.Kuwahara’scontributionstoCFDhavebeenrecognizedbyanumber
of major awards. He received the Awards from the Japan Society of Auto-
mobile Engineers and the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers in 1992,
the Computational Mechanics Achievement Award from the Japan Society
Biography IX
of Mechanical Engineers in 1993. He also received the Max Planck Research
Award in 1993.
The editors are pleased to bring together the researchers who have con-
tributed to this volume to express our thanks to Prof. Kuwahara. We wish
Prof. Kuwahara continued success for many years to come.
Kozo Fujii
Kazuhiro Nakahashi
Shigeru Obayashi
Satoko Komurasaki
Contributions of Kunio Kuwahara to
Computational Fluid Dynamics
K.KuwaharaandI.Imai,“Steady,ViscousFlowwithinaCircularBoundary”,The
Physics of Fluids Supplement, Vol.12, 1969.
K.KuwaharaandH.Takami,“NumericalStudiesofTwo-DimensionalVortexMo-
tion by a System of Point Vortices”, Journal of The Physical Society of Japan,
Vol.34, No.1, 1973.
K.Kuwahara,“NumericalStudyofFlowpastanInclinedFlatPlatebyanInviscid
Model”, Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, Vol.34, No.1, 1973.
H.TakamiandK.Kuwahara,“NumericalStudyofThree-DimensionalFlowwithin
a Cubic Cavity”, Journal of Physical Society of Japan, Vol.37, No.6, 1974.
K. Kuwahara, “Study of Flow past a Circular Cylinder by an Inviscid Model”,
Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, Vol.45, No.1, 1978.
K. Kuwahara and Y. Oshima, “Thermal Convection Caused by Ring-Type Heat
Source”,JournalofPhysicalSocietyofJapan,Vol.51,No.11,pp3711-3719,1982.
S. Obayashi and K. Kuwahara, “An Approximate LU Factorization Method for
theCompressibleNavier-StokesEquations”,JournalofComputationalPhysics,
Vol.63, No.1, pp157-167, 1986.
T. Kawamura, H. Takami and K. Kuwahara, “Computation of High-Reynolds-
Number Flow around a Circular Cylinder with Surface Roughness”, Fluid Dy-
namics Research, pp145-162, 1986.
Y. Shida, K. Kuwahara, K. Ono and H. Takami, “Computation of Dynamic Stall
of a NACA-0012 Airfoil”, AIAA Journal, Vol.25, No.3, 1987.
K. Naitoh and K. Kuwahara, “Large Eddy Simulation and Direct Simulation of
Compressible Turbulence and Combusting Flows in Engines Based on the BI-
SCALES Method”, Fluid Dynamics Research, Vol.10, pp299-325, 1992.
H. Suito, K. Ishii and K. Kuwahara, “Simulation of Dynamic Stall by Multi-
Directional Finite-Difference Method”, AIAA Paper 95-2264, 1995.
K. Kuwahara, “Unsteady Flow Simulation and Its Visualization”, AIAA Paper
99-3405 (Invited), 1999.
K. Kuwahara and S. Komurasaki, “Semi-Direct Simulation of a Flow Around a
Subsonic Airfoil”, AIAA Paper 2000-2656, 2000.
K.KuwaharaandS.Komurasaki,“DirectSimulationofaFlowaroundaSubsonic
Airfoil”, AIAA Paper 2001-2545, 2001.
K. Kuwahara and S. Komurasaki, “Simulation of High Reynolds Number Flows
Using Multidirectional Upwind Scheme”, AIAA Paper 2002-0133, 2002.
A.Bethancourt,K.KuwaharaandS.Komurasaki,“GridGenerationandUnsteady
Flow Simulation around Bluff Bodies”, AIAA Paper 2003-1129, 2003.
J.OoidaandK.Kuwahara,“ImplicitLESofTurbulenceGeneratedbyaLattice”,
AIAA Paper 2003-4097, 2003.
S. Komurasaki and K. Kuwahara, “Implicit Large Eddy Simulation of a Subsonic
Flow around NACA0012 Airfoil” AIAA Paper 2004-594, 2004.
Table of Contents
A Multidomain Spectral Collocation Method for Computational
Electromagnetics with Application to Optical Waveguides .......... 1
C.C. Huang and J.Y. Yang
1 Introduction................................................ 1
2 Formulations of Wave Equations .............................. 2
3 Numerical Techniques ....................................... 3
3.1 Multidomain Spectral Collocation Method................. 3
3.2 Interfacial Boundary Conditions.......................... 4
3.3 Cardinal Basis Functions ................................ 4
4 Determination of Scaling Factor .............................. 5
5 Numerical Results and Disscussion ............................ 5
5.1 Fundamental Mode of Symmetric Three-Layer Step-Index
Waveguides............................................ 5
5.2 Asymmetric Planar Waveguide with Exponential RIP....... 6
5.3 Semiconductor Rib Waveguide ........................... 7
6 Conclusion ................................................. 9
Thermonuclear Supernovae: Combining Astrophysical and
Terrestrial Combustion ......................................... 11
E. S. Oran
1 Introduction................................................ 11
2 Thermonuclear Supernovae................................... 12
3 Transition from a Deflagration to a Detonation ................. 15
4 Conclusions to Date......................................... 19
Hypersonic Magneto-Aerodynamic Interaction ..................... 23
J. S. Shang
1 Introduction................................................ 23
2 Experimental Facility........................................ 24
3 Numerical Simulations....................................... 24
4 Non-Equilibrium Phenomenon ................................ 27
5 Electromagnetic Effects...................................... 31
6 Conclusions ................................................ 31
Some Remarks on the CFD Research for Space Transportation
System Development ........................................... 34
K. Fujii
1 Introduction................................................ 34
1.1 RLV Aerodynamics – CFD Capability for the Estimation
of RLV Aerodynamics- .................................. 36
XII Table of Contents
1.2 Supersonic Base Flows -Finding a New Efficient Tools- ...... 40
2 Conclusions ................................................ 44
Development of Implicit Large Eddy Simulation ................... 47
K. Kuwahara, S. Komurasaki, J. Ooida, A. Betancourt
1 Introduction................................................ 47
2 Computational Method ...................................... 48
3 Computational Results ...................................... 52
3.1 Rearrangement of Karman Vortex Street .................. 52
3.2 Transition to Turbulence ................................ 53
3.3 Turbulence Generated by a Lattice ....................... 54
3.4 Circular Cylinder....................................... 55
3.5 Subsonic Flow Around an Airfoil ......................... 55
3.6 Simulation with Using a Body-Fitted Grid................. 57
DNA Computing Based on Actual Biological Sequences and
Accurate Reaction Control ...................................... 60
K. Naitoh
1 Introduction................................................ 60
2 DNA Computing as Nano-Computing ......................... 61
3 DNA Computing Using Actual Living Organisms ............... 61
3.1 Problem Solved in this Session ........................... 61
3.2 Encoding Based on the Segments of Biological DNA Cut
by Restriction Enzymes ................................. 61
3.3 Library of the Candidates Obtained with Ligation
Reactions and Analysis of the Electrophoresis Photographs .. 62
4 Strategy for Controlling Polymerase
Chain Reaction (PCR) ...................................... 64
4.1 PCR.................................................. 64
4.2 Control of PCR for DNA Computing ..................... 64
5 Conclusion ................................................. 66
From One-Month CFD to One-Day CFD – Efforts for Reducing
Time and Cost of CFD – ....................................... 68
K. Nakahashi, T. Fujita and Y. Ito
1 Introduction................................................ 68
2 Mesh Generation............................................ 69
2.1 Mesh Generation Procedure ............................. 69
2.2 Surface Mesh Generation................................ 69
3 Parallel Flow Solver ......................................... 72
3.1 Basic Flow Solver ...................................... 72
3.2 Parallel Flow Solver .................................... 73
4 Numerical Examples ........................................ 74
4.1 JAXA Supersonic Airplane in Ascending Flight ............ 74
4.2 Flow around a Hornet .................................. 77