NEW COMBINATIONS IN NORTH AMERICA EREMOGONE (CARYOPHYLLACEAE)

2004·2.1 MB·English

by  Ronald L Hartman

NEWCOMBINATIONSINNORTHAMERICAEREMOGONE
(CARYOPHYLLACEAE)
RonaldLHartman Richard K.Rabeler
RockyMountainHerbarium UniversityofMicfiigonIHerbarium
DepartmentofBotany 3600VarsityDrive
UniversityofWyoming AnnArbor,Miclnigan48108-2287,US.A.
Laramie,Wyoming82071-3i65,US.A. [email protected]
[email protected]
ABSTRACT
Thefollowing18newcombinationsinlivcmogoneareproposed:Ercmogor\ecapillarisvarameriama.
E.congestavar.cephaloidea,E.congcstavarcharksloncnsis,E.congestavar.crassula,E.congeslavar.
glandidijera,E.congestavar.pro/i/erci,E.congestavacsimulans,E.congestavar.suhcongesta.E.congesla
varsuffrutescens,E.congestavarwheelerensis,E.eastwDodiaevar.adenophora,E.franklinii,E.
frankliniivar.Ihompsonii,E.kingiivarplateauensii,,E.kingiivar.rosea,E.macradeniavararcuifolia,
E.macradenhivacjerrisiae.andE.macradeniavarkuschei.
RFSUMHN
Seproponenlassiguientesdieciochocombniacionesnuc\'asenEremogone:Eremogonecapdlarisvar
americana.E.congestavarcephaloidea,E.congestavarcharlestonensis,E.congestavarcrassula,E.
congestavar.glandulifera,E.congeslavarprolilera./:.congestavar.simulans,E.congestavar.
subcongesta,E.congestavar.sitfjndescens.E.congeslavacwheelerensis,E.eastwoodiaevar.adenophora,
E.jranklinii.E.jrankliniivar.thompsonu.E.kmgiivarplaieauensis,E.kingiivar.rosea.E.macradenia
vanarcuifolia.E.macradeniavarfernsiac.yE.macradeniavarkuschei.
DuringpreparationofthetreatmentoftheCaryophyllaceaeforFloraNorth
America(RabelerandHartman,editors,mprep),thedecisionwasmadetorec-
ognizethegenusEremogoneFenzl(=ArenariasubgeneraEremogone(Fenzl)
FenzlandEremogoneastrumF.WilliamssensuMcNeill1962).
NepokroeffandWagner(pers.comm.;seealsoNepokroeffetal.2001)con-
ductedaDNAsurveyoftheCaryophyllaceae,usingsequencedatafrommatK
andtherpsl6intron.Over79speciesconstituting38generawereincluded,with
emphasisonthesubfamilyAlsinoideae.ThephylogenyillustratedArenaria
(sensuMcNeill(1962),excl.MinuartiaandMoehringia)tobepolyphyletic,with
twomajor,distinctclades.WhileonecladeinciudesmembersoffourofMcNeill's
subgenera,includingArenariaserpyllifoliaL.,thetypeofArenaria,and the
genusMoehringia,thesecondcladeincludessevenspecies(fivefromsubgenus
Eremogone,threeNorthAmericanandtwoAsian,andtwoAsianmembersof
subgenusEremogoneastrum).Withinthatclade,ArenariahryophyllaFern,
(subg.EremogoneastrumfromAsia)clusterscloselywithA.aculeataS.Watson
andA.hingii(S.Watson)M.E.Jones(subg.EremogonefromNorthAmerica),
suggestingthattherelationshipsbetweenthesubgeneramayalsoneedexami-
SIDA21(1):237-241.2004
238 BRIT.ORG/SIDA21(1)
nation.TheresultsindicatedthattheEremogonegroup,includingbothsub-
genera,isstronglysupportedasmonophyletic.
EremogonewastreatedbyMcNeill(1962)asasubgenusofArenariacon-
tainingeightsections(64species,ourcompilation;ca.70species(Zhengyietal.
2001))closelyalliedwithsubgenusEremogoncastrum(ca.22species).Mem-
bersofsubgenusEremogonearefoundIromwesternEuropethroughAsia,east
tosouthernAlaskaandnorthwesternCanada,disjuncttosouthwesternCanada
andthewesternUnitedStates.ThecompositionofEremogonesensuIkonnikov
(1990)excludesMcNeill'smonotypicsectionMonogoneMaxim,(theTienShan
MountainsandtheAltaiRegion),twoofthespeciesfromhissectionScariosae
(northernIranandTurkishArmenia),andhissect.Pungentes(twospecies,Spam
andNorthAfrica).
AsoutlinedbyMcNeill(1962),ArenariasubgenusEremogoneastrumis
confinedtothreecenterswithtwospecies(ArenariahookenNutt.andA.
JrankliniiDougl.exHook.;athird,A.pinetorumA.Nelsonisavarietyofthe
former)inwesternNorthAmerica,thetype,A.festueoidesBenth.,knownfrom
India,Pakistan,andChina,andtheremainder(ca.6species)Sino-Himalayan
indistribution.SeventeenspeciesarenowknownfromChina(Zhengyietal.
2001);mostareSino-Himalayan,ninewerepublishedsince1979.Ikonnikov
makesnomentionoiArenariasubgenusEremogoneastrumineitherofhissyn-
opsesofEremogone(1973,1990).
InNorthAmerica,bothMaguirc(1947,1951;treatedinMaguire(1951)as
Arenariasect.PentadcnariaWilliams)andHickman(1971)recognizeda
broaderconceptol ArenariasectionEremogone,includingthetwowestern
American membersof subgenus Eremogoneastrum (A. hooken and A.
franklinii).Maguiretreatedthosespeciesasrelatedtobutofuncertainplace-
ment,whileHickmanconsideredthemtobeintermediatebetweensections
EremogoneandAlsine(=Minuartia).Eremogoneaspresentedhereiscurrently
acceptedinflorasofColorado(Weber&Wittmann1992andsubsequentup-
datesathttp://eumuseum.colorado.edu/)andWyoming(Dorn2001).
Morphologically,Eremogoneconsistsofwoodybasedperennialswitha
ccspitoseormattedhabitat,filiformtosubulateleaveswithscariousbases,stiffly
erectorascendingfloweringstems,andcymesthatareopentocongestedor
umbellate.ThisiscontrastedwiththeremainingNorthAmerican(northof
Mexico)membersof Arenaria(ca.9species),thatareannualsorperennials
witheitheracaespitosehabitorascendingtotrailingstems,broader(ovateto
lanceolate,sometimesnarrowlyso)leaves,andflowersoftensolitaryorinfew-
1lowered,opencymes.
Ikonnikov(1973)andHolub(1974)bothnotedthatabasechromosome
numberofx=11alsodistinguishedEremogonefromArenariaix=10).Ofthe
approximately30speciesofEremogone,asheredefined,whichhavebeen
counted,onlythreecounts(includingtwolorE.fendlerithatappearnottohave
HARTMANANDRABELER,NEWCOMBINATIONSINNORTHAMERICANEREMOGONE 239
beenvouchered;thattaxonwascountedbyHartman(1971)as2n=44)arenot
basedonx=11.Contrarytotheirnotion,Arenarias.s.iscytologicallymoredi-
verse;whilemanycountsarebasedonx=10,countsbasedonx=11areknown
intwosubgeneraaswellasfivesectionsofsubg.Arenaria(Rabeler,pers.com-
pilationfromstandardchromosomeatlases).
Mostofthenomenclaturalcombinationsforthe13NorthAmericanspe-
ciesoiArenariatobeincludedmEremogoneareavailable(Ikonnikov1973,1974;
Weberetal.1981);bycontrast,onlyafewoftheinfraspecifictaxahavetheap-
propriatecombinations(Weberetal.1981;Dorn2001).
ThefollowingcombinationsareneededforthegenusEremogoneinNorth
AmericainanticipationoftheFloraNorthAmericatreatment(Hartman,Rabeler
andUtech,inprep).
Eremogonecapillaris(Poir)Fenzlvaramericana(Maguire)R.L.Hartman61
Rabeler,comb.nov.Basionym:ArenariacapillarisPoir.subsp.americanaMagu-
ire,Bull.TorreyBot.Club74:41.1947.Arenariacapillarisvar.americana(Magu-
ire)R.J.Davis,Madrono11:144.1951.Eremogoneamericana(Maguire)Ikonn.,
NovostiSist.Vyssh.Rast.11:174.1974.
Eremogone congesta(Nutt.)Ikonn.var.cephaloidea(Rydb.)R.L.Hartman&
Rabeler,comb.nov.Basionym:Arenarit;cephaloideaRydb.,Bull.TorreyBot.Club
39:316.1912.ArenariacongestaNutt.varcephaloidea(Rydb.)Maguire,Bull.Torrey
Bot.Club74:46.1947.
Eremo&goRnaebecloenrg,ecsotmab(.Nuntotv..)BaIksoinonn.ymv:arArcehnaarrlieastcoonnegnessitsa(NuMtatg.uviarre)chRa.rLl.eHsatorntemnsains
Maguire,Bull.TorreyBot.Club73:326.1946.
Eremogonecongesta(Nutt.)Ikonn.var.crassula(Maguire)R.L.Hartman&
Rabeler,comb.nov.Basionym:ArenariacongestaNutt.varcrassulaMaguire,Bull.
TorreyBot.Club7445.1947.
Eremogonecongesta(Nutt.)Ikonn.varglandulifera(Maguire)R.L.Hartman&
Rabeler,comb.nov.Basionym:ArenariacongestaNutt.var.glanduliferaMagu-
ire,AmerMidi.Naturalist46:501.1951.
Eremogonecongesta(Nutt.)Ikonn.var.prolifera(Maguire)R.L.Hartman&
Rabeler,comb.nov.Basionym:ArenariacongestaNutt.varproliferaMaguire,
Bull.TorreyBot.Club74:47.1947,
Eremogonecongesta(Nutt.)Ikonn.varsimulans(Maguire)R.L.Hartman&
Rabeler,comb.nov.Basionym:ArenariacongestaNutt.varsimulansMaguire,
Bull.TorreyBot.Club74:48.1947.
Eremo&gonRaebecloenrg,esctoamb(.Nutnto.v).IBkaosnionn.yvm:arArseunbacroinagfeesntdaler(Si.AW.aGtrsaoynv)arR.sLu.bcHoangretsmtaanS.
Watson,Botany[FortiethParallel!5:40.1871.ArenariacongestaNutt.var
subcongesta(S.Watson)S.Watson,Bot.Calif.1:69.1885.Arenariasubcongesta
(S.Watson)Rydb.,Bull.TorreyBot.Club24:244.1897.ArenariahurkeiHowell,Fl.
N.WAmer1:85.1897.
Eremogonecongesta(Nutt.)Ikonn.var.suffrutescens(A.Gray)R.L.Hartman&
Rabeler,comb.nov.Basionym:BrewerinasuffrutescensA.Gray,Proc.AmerAcad.
240 BRIT.ORG/SIDA21(1)
8:620.1873.ArenanacongestaNutt.var.sujjrutescens(A.Gray)B.L.Rob.,Proc.Amer.
Acad.Arts29:295.1894.ArenariasujjrutescensCA.Gray)A.Heller,Muhlenbergia
6:96.1910.
Eremogonecongesta(Nutt.)Ikonn.var.wheelerensis(Maguire)R.L.Hartman&
Rabeler,comb.nov.Basionym:ArendridcongestaNutt.varwheelerensisMagu-
ire,Bull.TorreyBot.Club74:48.1947.
EremogHoanretmeaasntw&ooRdaibaeele(rR,ydcbo.m)bI.konnonv..vBaar.siaodneynmo:pAhroernaa(nKaeaearsntewyoo&diPaeeebRlyedsb).Rv.aLr.
adenophoraKearney&rPeebles,].Wash.Acad.Scr29:475.1939.
Eremogonefranklinii(Dougl.exHook.)R.L.Hartman&Rabeler,comb.nov.
Basionym:ArenanafranklinnDougl.e.xHook.,Fl.BorAmer1:101.1831.
Eremogonefranklinii(Dougl.exHook.)R.L.Hartman&Rabelervanthompsonii
(M.Peck)R.L.Hartman&Rabeler,comb,nov\iAS\OK\u:Arenanajrankhnn
Dougl.exHook,varthompsoniiM.Peck,Torreya32:149.1932{"Thompsoni'').
Eremo&gonRaebeklienrg,iic(oS.mbW.atnsovo.n)BaIskioonnynm.:vaArr.epnlaantaeahu\engn\siis(S.(WMaatgsuoinr)e)M.RE..LJ.oHneasrstumbsapn.
plateauensisMaguire,Bull.TorreyBot.Club74:54.1947.Arenanakingiivar.
plateauensisiM-Agmxe)Reveal,GreatBasinNaturalist35:344.1975.
Eremogonekingii(S.Watson)Ikonn.varrosea(Maguire)R.L.Hartman&Rabeler,
comb,etstat.nov.Ba,sionym:Arenariahingii(S.Watson)M.E.Jonessubsp.rosea
Maguire,Bull.TorreyBot.Club73:326.1946.
Eremomgoanne&macRrabaedleenri,ac(oSm.bW.atnsovo.n)BaIskioonnny.m:vaArreanracruiiafomlaicar(aMdaegnuiiarSe.)WRa.tLs.oHnarvta-r
arcuifoliaMaguire,Bull.TorreyBot.Club74:51.1947.
Eremogonemacradenia(5.Watson)Ikonn.varferrisiae(Abrams)R.L.Llartman
&•Rabeler,coinb.etstat.nov.Basionym:ArcnoriamacradeniaS.Watsonsubsp.
ferrisiaeAbrams,111Fl.Pacil.States2:151.1944.
Eremo&goRnaebemlaecr,racdoemnbi,ano(Sv.BWAaStIsOoNnY)M:IkAornenn.arviaarkkuusscchheeiiEa(sEtaws.t,w.P)rocR..LC.alHiafr.tAtcnaadn.
IV.20:140.1931.ArenariamacradeniaS.Watsonvarkuschei(Eastw.)Magu-
ire,Bull.TorreyBot.Club74:5L1947.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
WewishtothankKanchiGandhi(GLl)fornomenclaturaladviceandMolly
Nepokroeff(SDU)andWarrenL.Wagner(US)forsharingwithusresultsof
theirmolecularworkontheCaryophyllaceae.
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