New chromosome counts for some Lactuceae (Compositae)

2005·1.1 MB·

by  Gemeinholzer

Comp. Newsl. 42, 2005 43
New chromosome counts for some
Lactuceae (Compositae)
B.GEMEIlNfHOLZER'&I.FaUSTMANN^
'BotanicGardenandBotanicalMuseumBerlin-Dahlem
Konigin-Luisestr.6-8,D-14191 Berlin,Germany
e-mail:[email protected]
^InstituteofPlantGeneticsandCropPlantResearch(IPK),
CorrensstraBe3,D-06466Gatersleben,Germany
Abstract
Somaticchromosomenumbersof44speciesin 19generaofLactuceaewerecounted.
Cliromosome counts offive species, Cicerbita tianschanica (Regel & Schmalh.)
Beauverd, Chondhlla canescem Kar. &. Km., Rhagadiolus angulosiis (Jaub. &
Spach)Kupicha, Leontodonmuelleri(Schultz Bip.)Fiori,ScorzoneratauricaBieb.,
have not been reported before, while one or only few chromosome counts are
published yet for Picris sprengerana (L.) Poir., Crepis leontodontoides All.,
Rhagadiolus stellatus var. edulis DC, Scolymus hispanicus L., and Tragopogon
pterocarpusDC.
Introduction
AccordingtoBremer(1994),theLactuceaecomprise98generaandmorethan 1550
species. As part ofa study ofthe systematics ofthe tribe we counted chromosome
numbersfor44differentspeciesof19genera.
MaterialandMethod
Seedswereobtainedthroughthe internationalseedexchangeandwere growninthe
greenhouse, determined, andvoucherspecimensweretaken. Vouchersforall counts
aredepositedatthe HerbariumGatersleben(GAT). Roottipswerecollected earlyin
themorning,rinsedinwaterandplacedforonehourinParadichlorbenzol, following
theprotocolofFukui(1996)andthenfixedinethanol-aceticacid(3:1).Beforestaining
%
theroottipsweretransferred into HCl for7-8 minat 37°C then stainedwith45
,
aceto-carmine forat least30 min and analysedbythe squash method. Photos ofthe
chromosomescanbeobtained fi"omthe first authorupon request.
.
44 Comp. Newsl. 42, 2005
ResultsandDiscussion
Thechromosomenumbersofthespeciesreportedhere(Table 1)rangefrom2n=6-32,
withonlyonespeciesbeingpolyploid(Sonchusoleracem). Chromosomecounts for
Cicerbita tiamchanica, Chondrilla canescens, Rhagadiolus angulosus,
LeontodonmuelleriandScorzoneratauricahave neverbeen reported before, while
23 chromosomecountsconfirmthedataofearlierstudiesunambiguously(Arnoseris
minima, Catananche caerulea, Crepis alpina, C. dioscoridis, C. foetida, C.
leontodontoides, C. neglecta, C. setosa, C. sibirica, C. tectorum, Hyosehs radiata,
H. scabra, Lactucaperennis, L. saligna, L. sattva, L viminea, L virosa, Leontodon
hispidus subsp. glabratus, Picris hieracioides, Prenanthespurpurea, Rhagadiolus
stellatusvar. edulis, Tolpis barbata, Tragopogon dubius, T. orientalis, T.porrifolius
&
subsp. australis, and T.pterocarpus; see Babcock 1947, Babcock Jenkins 1943,
GoLDBLATT1981, 1984, 1985, 1988, GoLDBLArr&Johnson1990, 1991, 1994, 1996, 1998,
2000,andreferencestherein).ThecountsforCrepisaureareportedbyearlierworkers
(seeabove)are2n=10, 14or20,thevariationinnumberspointingtoaheterogeneous
assemblage. This also accounts forthe reported chromosome numbers ofKoelpinia
linearis,2n==14,40,42,56,Sonchusoleraceus,2n=32,36,64,andTragopogondubius,
2n=l2,24,36.Forsixspeciesalsosurveyedheretwodifferentchromosomenumbers
C
havebeenreported,Crepispulchra,2n=8, 18,C. rubra "Alba",2n=10,12, sancta,
2n=10-12, Hypochaerismaculata, 2n=10, 20, Lapsanacommunis,2n=14, 16, and
Scolymus hispanicus, 2n=10, 20. In all these cases, our findings confirm earlier
counts.
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateflil to K. Bachmann for providing laboratory facilities and H.
Ostermann for assistance in the greenhouse.
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46 Comp. Newsl. 42, 2005
Table1.Chromosomenos.(2n)intaxaofLactuceae
No. Plants Counts
&
bg73 Arnoserisminima(L.)Schweigger Koerte 18
bg54 Catananche caerulea L. 18
bgl9 ChondrillacanescensKAR.&,¥jR. 16
&
bg259 Cicerbita tiamchanica (Kegel Schmalh.) Beauverd 18
bg222 CrepisalpinaL. 10
bg22 Crepisaurea(L.)Cass. 10
bg225 Crepis conyzifolia(Gouan)A. Kerner 8
bg232 Crepisconyzifolia(Gouan)A. Kerner 10
bg226 Crepis dioscoridisL. 8
bg227 CrepisfoetidaL. 10
bg252 Crepis leontodontoides All. 10
bg228 CrepisneglectaL. 8
bg231 CrepispulchraL. 8
bg229 CrepispulchraL. 8
bg22 Crepisrubra"Alba"L. 10
bg253 Crepissancta(L.)BABC. 10
bg254 CrepissetosaHallerf. 8
bg255 CrepissetosaHallerf. 8
bg224 CrepissibiricaL. 10
bgl77 CrepistectorumL. 8
bg257 Crepisvesicariasubsp. haenseleri(Boiss.) Sell 8
bg62 HyoserisradiataL. 16
bg39 HyoserisscabraL. 16
bg238 HypochaerismaculataL. 10