Neurosurgical infectious disease : surgical and nonsurgical management

336 Pages·2014·7.951 MB·English

by  Hall, Walter A., Kim, Peter D

Neurosurgical Infectious Disease
Surgical and Nonsurgical Management

Neurosurgical Infectious Disease
Surgical and Nonsurgical Management
Walter A. Hall, MD, MBA
Professor of Neurosurgery
Department of Neurological Surgery
SUNY Upstate Medical University
Syracuse, New York
Peter D. Kim, MD, PhD
Neurosurgeon
Department of Neurosurgery
Gillette Children’s Specialty Healthcare
St. Paul, Minnesota
Thieme
New York · Stuttgart
Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.
333 Seventh Ave.
New York, NY 10001
Executive Editor: Kay Conerly
Managing Editor: Judith Tomat
Editorial Assistant: Lorina Lana
Senior Vice President, Editorial and Electronic Product Development: Cornelia Schulze
Production Editor: Kenneth L. Chumbley
International Production Director: Andreas Schabert
Vice President, Finance and Accounts: Sarah Vanderbilt
President: Brian D. Scanlan
Compositor: Prairie Papers Inc.
Printer: Everbest Printing Co.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Neurosurgical infectious disease : surgical and nonsurgical management / [edited by] Walter A. Hall,
Peter D. Kim.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN 978-1-60406-805-4 (alk. paper) —ISBN 978-1-60406-821-4 (eISBN)
I. Hall, Walter A., 1957- II. Kim, Peter D.
[DNLM: 1. Central Nervous System Infections—therapy. 2. Anti-Infective Agents—therapeutic use.
3. Central Nervous System Infections—diagnosis. 4. Communicable Diseases—therapy. WL 301]
RC386.5
616.8′3—dc23
2013003829
Copyright © 2014 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. This book, including all parts thereof, is legally
protected by copyright. Any use, exploitation, or commercialization outside the narrow limits set by
copyright legislation without the publisher’s consent is illegal and liable to prosecution. This applies in
particular to photostat reproduction, copying, mimeographing or duplication of any kind, translating,
preparation of microfilms, and electronic data processing and storage.
Important note: Medical knowledge is ever-changing. As new research and clinical experience broaden
our knowledge, changes in treatment and drug therapy may be required. The authors and editors of the
material herein have consulted sources believed to be reliable in their efforts to provide information that
is complete and in accord with the standards accepted at the time of publication. However, in view of the
possibility of human error by the authors, editors, or publisher of the work herein or changes in medical
knowledge, neither the authors, editors, nor publisher, nor any other party who has been involved in the
preparation of this work, warrants that the information contained herein is in every respect accurate
or complete, and they are not responsible for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from
use of such information. Readers are encouraged to confirm the information contained herein with other
sources. For example, readers are advised to check the product information sheet included in the package
of each drug they plan to administer to be certain that the information contained in this publication is
accurate and that changes have not been made in the recommended dose or in the contraindications for
administration. This recommendation is of particular importance in connection with new or infrequently
used drugs.
Some of the product names, patents, and registered designs referred to in this book are in fact registered
trademarks or proprietary names even though specific reference to this fact is not always made in the
text. Therefore, the appearance of a name without designation as proprietary is not to be construed as a
representation by the publisher that it is in the public domain.
Printed in China
5 4 3 2 1
ISBN 978-1-60406-805-4
Also available as an e-book:
eISBN 978-1-60404-821-4
This book is dedicated to Madeleine and Stanley Smalley for their unwavering support,
encouragement, and love over three decades.
Walter A. Hall
This book is dedicated, with love and gratitude, to my parents, Kenneth and Susan Kim.
Peter D. Kim

Contents
Foreword ...............................................................................................................................................ix
Patricia Ferrieri, MD
Preface ................................................................................................................................................................xi
Contributors .......................................................................................................................................xiii
I Background Information
1 Immunology of the Central Nervous System ...........................................................................3
Pragati Nigam and Maciej S. Lesniak
2 Microbiological Diagnosis of Central Nervous System Infections...................................16
Yuriko Fukuta and Karin Byers
3 Antibiotics and the Development of Resistance ...................................................................30
Peter D. Kim and Walter A. Hall
4 Radiology of Central Nervous System Infections ................................................................35
Kunal M. Patel and Charles L. Truwit
II Etiologic Agents
5 Viral Infections of the Central Nervous System ....................................................................51
Joseph B. Domachowske, Manika Suryadevara, and Walter A. Hall
6 Fungal Infections of the Central Nervous System ................................................................68
Walter A. Hall and Peter D. Kim
7 Parasitic Infections of the Central Nervous System .............................................................81
Ali Akhaddar and Mohamed Boucetta
8 Bacterial Brain Abscess .................................................................................................................95
Peter D. Kim and Walter A. Hall
III CNS Locations for Infection
9 Meningeal Infections ...................................................................................................................107
Manika Suryadevara and Joseph B. Domachowske
10 Epidural and Subdural Infections ............................................................................................125
Sandi Lam and Peter C. Warnke
11 Infectious Intracranial Aneurysms .........................................................................................133
Hoon Choi, Walter A. Hall, and Eric M. Deshaies
12 Vertebral Column Infections .....................................................................................................147
Kyle I. Swanson and Daniel K. Resnick
13 Spinal Canal Infections ...............................................................................................................163
Ian E. McCutcheon
IV Neurosurgical Issues
14 Neurosurgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis ....................................................................................185
Daraspreet Singh Kainth, Dino Terzic, and Stephen J. Haines
15 Postoperative Intracranial Infections .....................................................................................196
Arya Nabavi, Frederike Knerlich-Lukoschus, and Andreas M. Stark
16 Implanted Devices and Central Nervous System Infection .............................................208
Ramesh Grandhi, Gillian Harrison, and Elizabeth Tyler-Kabara
V Special Populations
17 Pediatric Central Nervous System Infections ......................................................................233
s
nt Ian Mutchnick and Thomas M. Moriarty
e
t
n 18 Central Nervous System Infections in Immunocompromised Hosts ...........................247
o
C Ouzi Nissim, Gahl Greenberg, Zvi R. Cohen, and Roberto Spiegelmann
19 Systemic Infections in the Neurologic Intensive Care Unit .............................................269
Michael F. Regner, Christopher D. Baggott, Barry C. Fox, and Joshua E. Medow
Index ............................................................................................................................................................285
viii