Neurosurgery Knowledge Update : A Comprehensive Review

986 Pages·2015·36.962 MB·English

by  Robert Harbaugh, Christopher I. Shaffrey, William T. Couldwell, Mitchel S. Berger

Neurosurgery Knowledge Update
A Comprehensive Review
Robert E. Harbaugh, MD, FAANS, FACS, FAHA
Director, Institute of the Neurosciences
Distinguished Professor and Chair, Department of Neurosurgery
Professor, Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics
The Pennsylvania State University
Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Hershey, Pennsylvania
Christopher Shaffrey, MD, FAANS
John A. Jane Professor of Neurological and Orthopaedic Surgery
University of Virginia
Charlottesville, Virginia
William T. Couldwell, MD, PhD, FAANS
Professor and Chairman
Department of Neurological Surgery
Joseph J. Yager Endowed Chair
Professor of Otolaryngology
Department of Surgery
University of Utah
Salt Lake City, Utah
Mitchel S. Berger, MD, FACS, FAANS
Berthold and Belle N. Guggenhime Professor
Chairman, Department of Neurological Surgery
Director, Brain Tumor Research Center
University of California–San Francisco
San Francisco, California
422 illustrations
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Neurosurgery knowledge update : a comprehensive review
by the manufacturers differ from the statements made in
/ [edited by] Robert E. Harbaugh, Christopher Shaffrey, Wil-
the present book. Such examination is particularly impor-
liam T. Couldwell, Mitchel S. Berger.
tant with drugs that are either rarely used or have been
p. ; cm.
newly released on the market. Every dosage schedule or
ISBN 978-1-62623-036-1 (alk. paper)
every form of application used is entirely at the user’s own
I. Harbaugh, Robert E., editor. II. Shaffrey, Christopher I.,
risk and responsibility. The authors and publishers request
editor. III. Couldwell, William T., editor. IV. Berger,
every user to report to the publishers any discrepancies or
Mitchel S., editor
inaccuracies noticed. If errors in this work are found after
[DNLM: 1. Neurosurgical Procedures—Problems and Exer-
publication, errata will be posted at www.thieme.com on
cises. WL 18.2]
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To all neurosurgical patients—past, present, and future.
v
Contents
Continuing Medical Education Credit Information and Objectives xvii
Continuing Medical Education Disclosure Information xviii
Foreword xxvi
Richard G. Ellenbogen and Vincent C. Traynelis
Preface xxvii
Contributors xxviii
I Cerebrovascular
Editors: Adnan H. Siddiqui and Bernard R. Bendok
A Neurovascular Anatomy (Imaging, Anatomy, and Clinical Correlation)
1 Anterior Circulation Vascular Anatomy and Stroke Syndromes 5
Mandy J. Binning and Erol Veznedaroglu
2 Posterior Circulation Vascular Anatomy and Stroke Syndromes 12
Robert F. James, John J. Delaney, and Lacey B. Martin
3 Cranial Venous Anatomy and Clinical Correlation 20
Aditya S. Pandey, Joseph J. Gemmete, B. Gregory Thompson, and Neeraj Chaudhary
4 Spinal Vascular Anatomy and Clinical Correlation 24
Michael C. Hurley
5 Extracranial Head and Neck Vascular Anatomy and Clinical Correlation 31
Pedro Aguilar-Salinas, Ramon Navarro, Benjamin L. Brown, and Rabih G. Tawk
B Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
6 Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Workup and Diagnosis 39
Michael Cohen, Pinakin Jethwa, Charles J. Prestigiacomo, and Chirag D. Gandhi
7 Intensive Care Unit Management of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage 44
Carlos A. David
8 Cerebral Vasospasm 49
Andrew J. Ringer
9 Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysms: Indications for Microsurgery 54
Jason A. Ellis and E. Sander Connolly Jr.
10 Ruptured Aneurysms: Indications for Endovascular Treatment 59
vi Christopher Paul Kellner and Sean D. Lavine
Contents vii
C Unruptured Aneurysm
11 Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysm Natural History 65
Brian P. Walcott, Christoper J. Stapleton, Ajith J. Thomas, and Christopher S. Ogilvy
12 Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysm Microsurgical Treatment 71
Kim L. Rickert and H. Hunt Batjer III
13 Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms: Endovascular Treatment 76
M. Reid Gooch and Alan S. Boulos
D Atherosclerotic Disease
14 Asymptomatic Carotid Disease 89
Jonathon Cooke, Scott D. Simon, and Robert E. Harbaugh
15 Symptomatic Extracranial Carotid Artery Stenosis 94
Paul D. Ackerman and Christopher M. Loftus
16 Extracranial Carotid Stenosis: Stent Indications 99
Adnan H. Siddiqui and Maxim Mokin
17 Intracranial Atherosclerosis: Medical and Interventional Management 103
Pascal Jabbour, Mario Zanaty, Stavropoula I. Tjoumakaris, and Robert H. Rosenwasser
18 Intracranial Atherosclerosis: Indications for Surgical Revascularization 110
Ziad A. Hage and Fady T. Charbel
E Moyamoya
19 Moyamoya Disease in Adults 119
Eric J. Arias and Gregory J. Zipfel
20 Moyamoya Disease in Children 125
Edward R. Smith
F Dissections
21 Extracranial Traumatic Dissections 133
Jonathan A. White
22 Extracranial Spontaneous Dissections 137
Babu G. Welch and Darlene King
23 Intracranial Hemorrhagic Dissections 142
Rafael Uribe Cardenas, Gustavo Pradilla, and Daniel L. Barrow
G Vascular Malformations
24 Cerebral Cavernous Malformation 149
Issam Awad and Melissa Stamates
25 Natural History of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations 155
Kevin M. Cockroft
26 Treatment of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations 161
Najib El Tecle, Rami James N. Aoun, Samer G. Zammar, Youssef J. Hamade, and Bernard R. Bendok
27 Developmental Venous Anomaly 168
Rohan Chitale, Pascal Jabbour, Robert H. Rosenwasser, and Stavropoula I. Tjoumakaris
viii Contents
H Fistulas
28 Dural Arteriovenous Fistula 173
Cain Green, Edward Duckworth, Daniel Hoit, and Adam Arthur
29 Spinal Dural Fistula and Arteriovenous Malformation 177
Sam Safavi-Abbasi and Peter Nakaji
30 Carotid Cavernous Fistulas 187
Min S. Park, Matthew R. Sanborn, Cameron G. McDougall, and Felipe C. Albuquerque
31 Vein of Galen Aneurysmal Malformation (VGAM) 193
Ali Shaibani
I Ischemic Stroke
32 Intravenous Revascularization for Acute Stroke 201
Brian L. Hoh
33 Endovascular Revascularization for Acute Stroke 208
Elad I. Levy and Maxim Mokin
34 Decompressive Craniectomy for Malignant MCA Infarct 213
Andrew P. Gard and Daniel L. Surdell
35 Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis 218
Raymond Turner
36 Spontaneous Intracranial Hemorrhage: Correction of Coagulopathy 224
Arun Paul Amar
37 Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage 229
Thomas Ostergard and Nicholas C. Bambakidis
38 Spontaneous Cerebellar Hemorrhage 235
Zaid A. Hage and Sepideh Amin-Hanjani
39 Intraventricular Hemorrhage 241
Rose Du
J Vasculitis
40 Temporal Arteritis 247
Joseph G. Adel
41 Intracranial Vasculitis 251
Lacey B. Martin, Steven C. Nunns, and Robert F. James
II Functional Neurosurgery: Epilepsy, Movement Disorders, and Chronic Pain
Editors: Joseph Neimat, Julie G. Pilitsis, and Jason M. Schwalb
A Epilepsy
42 Patient Selection for Epilepsy Surgery in Adults 263
Rushna P. Ali, Vibhangini S. Wasade, Ellen L. Air, and Jason M. Schwalb
43 Epilepsy Surgery 269
Akshitkumar M. Mistry and Joseph Neimat