Table Of ContentMasterclass in Neuroendocrinology 13
Jan Pieter Konsman
Teresa M. Reyes Editors
Neuroendocrine-
Immune System
Interactions
Masterclass in Neuroendocrinology
Volume 13
SeriesEditors
MikeLudwig,CentreforDiscoveryBrainSciences,TheUniversityofEdinburgh,
Edinburgh,UK
RebeccaCampbell,SchoolofBiomedicalSciences,UniversityofOtago,Dunedin,
NewZealand
Masterclass in Neuroendocrinology is published in collaboration with the Interna-
tional Neuroendocrine Federation (INF) https://www.inf-neuroendocrinology.org/.
This series aims to illustrate and promote the use of the latest and most impactful
technologiesinbasicandclinicalresearch intheexciting fieldofneuroendocrinol-
ogy.Neuroendocrinologyisdefinedasthestudyofthecontrolofendocrinefunction
bythebrainandtheactionsofhormonesonthebrain.
Theseriesismadeupofvolumesthathighlightdifferenttopicsinneuroendocri-
nology that are of current interest and encompass the study of both normal and
abnormalfunction,andthedevelopmentaloriginsofdisease.Theyincludethestudy
ofneuralnetworksinthebrainthatregulateandformneuroendocrinesystems,and
also include the study of behaviours and mental states that are influenced or
regulated by hormones. They also necessarily include the study of peripheral
physiological systems that are regulated by neuroendocrine mechanisms. Some
recent examples include: Developmental Neuroendocrinology, Neuroendocrine
ClocksandCalendars,andNeuroanatomyofNeuroendocrineSystems.
Eachbook
(cid:129) iseditedbyleadingexpertsinthefield
(cid:129) iswrittenbyateamofinternationallyrespectedresearchers
(cid:129) isfocusedonanareaofneuroendocrinologyresearch
(cid:129) demonstrates the present state of knowledge and understanding in the field of
neuroendocrinologyandhighlightsthetranslationofsuchknowledgetoimprove
humanhealthandwell-being
(cid:129) includes assessments of different experimental approaches, both in vivo and
invitro,andofhowtheresultingdataareinterpreted.
TheSeriesisaimedatawideaudience,asneuroendocrinologyintegratesneuro-
science and endocrinology. It is intended for established scientists, clinicians and
early-careerresearchers.
FoundingSeriesCo-Editors:WilliamE.ArmstrongandJohnA.Russell
Jan Pieter Konsman (cid:129) Teresa M. Reyes
Editors
Neuroendocrine-Immune
System Interactions
Editors
JanPieterKonsman TeresaM.Reyes
CNRSUMR5164ImmunoConcept CollegeofMedicine
UniversityofBordeaux UniversityofCincinnati
Bordeaux,France Cincinnati,OH,USA
ISSN2662-2068 ISSN2662-2076 (electronic)
MasterclassinNeuroendocrinology
ISBN978-3-031-21357-1 ISBN978-3-031-21358-8 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21358-8
#TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s),underexclusivelicensetoSpringerNatureSwitzerland
AG2023
Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsaresolelyandexclusivelylicensedbythePublisher,whether
thewholeorpartofthematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseof
illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and
transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by
similarordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped.
Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication
doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant
protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse.
The publisher, the authors, and the editorsare safeto assume that the adviceand informationin this
bookarebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernortheauthorsor
theeditorsgiveawarranty,expressedorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedhereinorforany
errorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherremainsneutralwithregardtojurisdictional
claimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations.
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ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG
Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland
Series Preface
This series began as a joint venture between the International Neuroendocrine
Federation and Wiley‐Blackwell and now is continuing with Springer Nature as
publisher for the federation. The broad aim of the series is to provide established
researchers, trainees, and students with authoritative up‐to‐date accounts of the
present state of knowledge and prospects for the future across a range of topics in
theburgeoningfieldofneuroendocrinology.Theseriesisaimedatawideaudience
as neuroendocrinology integrates neuroscience and endocrinology. We define
neuroendocrinology as the study of the control of endocrine function by the brain
and the actions of hormones on the brain. It encompasses the study of normal and
abnormalfunctionandthedevelopmentaloriginsofdisease.Itincludesthestudyof
theneuralnetworksinthebrainthatregulateandformneuroendocrinesystemsand
alsoincludesthestudyofbehaviorsandmentalstatesthatareinfluencedorregulated
by hormones. In addition, it includes the understanding and study of peripheral
physiological systems that are regulated by neuroendocrine mechanisms. While
neuroendocrinology embraces many issues of concern to human health and well‐
being, research in reductionist animal models is required to fully understand these
issues.
Contemporary researchinneuroendocrinology involvestheuseofawiderange
oftechniquesandtechnologies,fromthesubcellularandsystemsleveltothewhole-
organism level. A particular aim of the series is to provide expert advice and
discussionaboutexperimentalortechnicalprotocolsinneuroendocrinologyresearch
and to further advance the field by giving information and advice about novel
techniques,technologies,andinterdisciplinaryapproaches.
To achieve our aims, each book focuses on a particular theme in neuroendocri-
nology.Foreachbook,werecruiteditors,whoareleadersintheirfield,toengagean
international team of experts to contribute chapters in their individual areas of
expertise. The mission of each contributor is to provide an update of current
knowledgeandrecentdiscoveries,andtodiscussnewapproaches,“goldstandard“
protocols,translationalpossibilities,andfutureprospects.Authorsareaskedtowrite
forawideaudience,tousereferencesselectively,andtoconsideruseofvideoclips
andexplanatorytextboxes;eachchapterispeerreviewedandhasaGlossary.Inall
oftheseefforts,weareguidedbyanAdvisoryEditorialBoard.
v
vi SeriesPreface
TheMasterclassSeriesisopen‐ended;booksintheseriespublishedtodateare:
(cid:129) Neurophysiology of Neuroendocrine Neurons (2014, ed. WE Armstrong & JG
Tasker)
(cid:129) NeuroendocrinologyofStress(2015,ed.JARussell&MJShipston)
(cid:129) MolecularNeuroendocrinology:FromGenometoPhysiology(2016,ed.DMur-
phy&HGainer)
(cid:129) ComputationalNeuroendocrinology(2016,ed.DJMacGregor&GLeng)
(cid:129) NeuroendocrinologyofAppetite(2016;ed.SLDickson&JGMercer)
(cid:129) TheGnRHNeuronanditsControl(2018;ed.AEHerbison&TMPlant)
(cid:129) ModelAnimalsinNeuroendocrinology(2019,ed.MLudwig&GLevkowitz).
ThefirstbooksoftheseriespublishedbySpringerNatureare:
(cid:129) Neurosecretion:SecretoryMechanisms(2020,ed.JRLemos&GDayanithi)
(cid:129) DevelopmentalNeuroendocrinology(2020,ed.SWray&SBlackshaw)
(cid:129) NeuroendocrineClocksandCalendars(2020,ed.FJPEbling&HDPiggins)
(cid:129) Glial-Neuronal Signaling in Neuroendocrine Systems (2021, ed. JG Tasker, JS
Bains,&JAChowen)
(cid:129) NeuroanatomyofNeuroendocrineSystems(2021,ed.VGrinevich&ADobolyi).
In development are Neuroendocrinology of Pregnancy and Lactation (ed. P
Brunton&DGrattan)andCardiovascularNeuroendocriology(ed.TCunningham
&GYosten).
Feedbackandsuggestionsarewelcome.
SeriesEditors,
Edinburgh,UK MikeLudwig
Dunedin,NewZealand RebeccaCampbell
InternationalNeuroendocrineFederation–https://www.inf-neuroendocrinology.org/
Volume Preface
Thisbookisthe13thvolumeintheMasterclassinNeuroendocrinologybookseries.
Tointroducethisbook,wefirstaddressthequestion:whyavolumeonneuroendo-
crineandimmunesysteminteractions?Ouranswerisbasedontherecenthistoryof
the study of these systems and their components. First, parts of the hypothalamus
andpituitaryand hormoneslikeglucocorticosteroids,now considered tobepart of
neuroendocrine axes, have long been known to have effects on immune responses
(MacGregor et al. 1969; Pierpaoli and Sorkin 1969; Pierpaoli et al. 1969; Kalden
et al. 1970; Gisler and Schenkel-Hulliger 1971; Tyrey and Nalbandov 1972;
Isakovic and Jankovic 1973; Jankovic and Isakovic 1973). Second, some immune
responses,andinparticular,butnotonly,innateimmuneorinflammatoryresponses
totheadministrationofmicrobialfragmentsorotherantigens,areaccompaniedby
altered neuroendocrine responses (Besedovsky et al. 1977; Spinedi et al. 1992;
Stenzel-Poore et al. 1993; Frederic et al. 1993; Shurin et al. 1997). These findings
convinced many scientists and physicians that it was important to understand how
neuroendocrine and immune systems and their components interact in health and
disease in a more interdisciplinary manner (Besedovsky and Sorkin 1977; Dunn
1988;Batemanetal.1989;DantzerandKelley1989).
Additionally,someoftheintercellularmessengermoleculesusedbyneuroendo-
crine and immune systems are the same. For example, some peptide hormones/
neuropeptides, such as adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) and corticotropin-
releasing hormone, were found to have effects on or even to be synthesized by
immune cells (Blalock et al. 1985; Karalis et al. 1997). Conversely, cytokines,
typically associated with immune responses, such as interleukin-1, can also be
present in and act on neuroendocrine systems, for example the paraventricular
nucleus of the hypothalamus (Lechan et al. 1990; Licinio et al. 1991; Huitinga
etal.2000;WattandHobbs2000;Blandinoetal.2013).Thus,someoftheentities
studiedbyaspecificdiscipline(e.g.,neuroendocrinologyorimmunology)turnedout
tobenon-specificforthatdomain.
Althoughdistinctscientificfieldsareimportantfortheprogressofscience,“their
emergencecanrestrictaccessbyoutsiders”(CasadevallandFang2015).Onewayto
fosterprogressthroughandimproveaccesstoemergingfieldswouldbe“topromote
interdisciplinaryinteractionbetweenfields”(CasadevallandFang2015).Forinter-
disciplinaritytooccur,itisnotsufficientforanexperimentalmethod,technique,or
vii
viii VolumePreface
tool developed in one scientific discipline to be adopted by another. Rather, we
believe that interdisciplinary approaches can “advance fundamental understanding
... beyond the scope of a single discipline or area of research practice” (emphasis
added (Institute of Medicine 2005, p. 2). Indeed, the complexity of the research
question is probably the main driving force for interdisciplinary research with the
primary aim of furthering understanding (Smith 2004; Alvargonzalez 2011;
Mazzocchi2019).Therefore,theinterdisciplinaryresearchdiscussedinthisvolume
largelyusedtechniquesandtoolsestablishedinotherdisciplinaryresearchfieldsand
is“thescienceofconnectionsorinteractions[betweenneuroendocrineandimmune
systems]” (Straub 2015, p. xiii). Accordingly, methods and techniques will be
discussed inthe context of the questions and hypotheses addressed in the different
chapterscomposingthisvolume.
Thisvolumeisorganizedintofourpartswithseveralchapters,eachofwhichcan
bereadratherindependentlyasmanyquestionsaretreatedbyseveralchapters.The
first part deals with concepts relevant to a better understanding of interactions
between neuroendocrine systems and immune systems, such as the history
(Chap.1)andphilosophy(Chap.2)ofscienceaswellassomeevolutionarycontext
in which such interactions occur, for example during sickness after infection
(Chap. 3). The second part covers the main regulatory pathways of interaction
from classic pathways like peripheral cytokines activating the hypothalamo–
pituitary–adrenal axis (Chap. 4) and corticosteroid and catecholamines regulating
immune responses (Chaps. 5 and 6) to the brain choroid plexus and cerebrospinal
fluid constituting an original terrain of neuroendocrine–immune interactions
(Chap.7)andautoimmuneantibodiespossiblyregulatingneuroendocrineresponses
(Chap. 8). The third part presents factors modulating neuroendocrine–immune
system interactions, including the importance of the early postnatal time period
(Chap. 9), as well as the impact of sex differences (Chap. 10), biological clocks
(Chap. 11), and the gut microbiota (Chap. 12) on neuroendocrine–neuroimmune
interactions.Thelastpartexaminestheseinteractionsindiseaseconditions(chronic
inflammatoryconditionsandcancerinChap.13andeatingdisordersinChap.14).
Collectively, the chapters in this series will provide context for understanding
neuroimmune–neuroendocrine system interactions and illustrate research in this
domain,withoutbeingexhaustive.
To conclude, the volume editors would like to dedicate this book to Dr. Paul
Sawchenko,SalkInstituteforBiologicalStudies,forhisseminalcontributionstothe
studyofneuroimmune–neuroendocrineinteractionsandforinspiringthecareersof
the editors (and countless others) with his generous, supportive, and collaborative
approachtorigorousexperimentalscience.
Bordeaux,France JanPieterKonsman
Cincinnati,OH,USA TeresaM.Reyes
VolumePreface ix
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